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20 April 2024 - Year XXVIII
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XXI - Number 1/2003 - JANUARY 2003

Industria

Scompare l'industria portoghese produttrice di gru

La Mague, ultimo produttore portoghese di attrezzature per il carico/scarico di contenitori, è stata chiusa dalla società-madre ABB. La conservazione di una piccola squadra di progettisti interna era stata apparentemente posta in discussione, con l'idea di affidare a terzi esterni la produzione, ma tale concetto si è rivelato irrealizzabile. Tuttavia, un gruppo di ex dipendenti ha costituito la Eurocrane, una modesta impresa indipendente dalla ABB, che continuerà ad effettuare la manutenzione delle attrezzature esistenti, nonché ad espletare le ristrutturazioni ed i principali progetti di revisione.

La precedente industria supportata dallo stato aveva tirato avanti approfittando dell'ingresso del Portogallo nell'Unione Europea. Inoltre, malgrado ultimamente appartenesse ad una multinazionale, il mercato nazionale della Mague era di scala troppo piccola per supportare importanti programmi di ricerca e di sviluppo. Ciò avrebbe voluto dire rivolgersi all'estero, in particolare in Brasile, per nuove ordinazioni, che erano diventate sempre più difficili da ottenere in un settore che è assai sensibile ai prezzi.

Infatti, due anni fa, Lopo Feijó, presidente del TCL, terminal contenitori con sede a Leixões, aveva riferito a Cargo Systems che le trattative finalizzate ad acquisire una nuova gru a cavaliere da banchina dalla Mague erano in fase di stallo, essenzialmente a causa del fatto che il prezzo richiesto era troppo alto.

Sebbene la chiusura della Mague significhi la fine della capacità produttiva locale di gru portuali, esistono ancora imprese nazionali con notevoli interessi in questo mercato. La Almov?, ad esempio, che è situata ad Alcabideche, nei pressi di Lisbona, funge da agenzia sia per la Gottwald che per la Kalmar, sebbene sino ad oggi non si sia ancora legata ad un importante produttore di gru a cavaliere da banchina.

Il direttore della Almovß, Guilherme Arriaga, ha dichiarato a Cargo Systems che la scomparsa della Mague potrà aprire il mercato ad altri produttori, sebbene - ciononostante - egli resti realista circa le effettive prospettive di vendite cospicue di gru a cavaliere containerizzate in Portogallo. Pur ammettendo ufficiose relazioni di lavoro con il produttore cinese ZPMC, Arriaga confessa le difficoltà incontrate nel trovare una valvola di sfogo per i prodotti di quella società in Portogallo, fatta eccezione per i terminals a Leixões e della Liscont, dove le acquisizioni di nuove attrezzature sono, per definizione, poco frequenti. Inoltre, affinché la ZPMC sia competitiva a livello dei prezzi, le ordinazioni devono riguardare più o meno dalle tre alle quattro gru alla volta, ed è difficile prevedere un simile evento in Portogallo al di là dello sviluppo in atto a Sines, dove importanti contratti sono già stati siglati dall'operatore PSA con la Paceco-España.

Al contrario, Arriaga resta molto ottimista circa le future prospettive delle gru portuali mobili e le attrezzature per la movimentazione dei carichi generici, ritenendo fermamente che i piccoli porti continuino ad avere bisogno di poter accedere ad attrezzature che possano fornire un'ampia gamma di funzioni. La Almovß, infatti, ha rappresentato per un certo numero di anni il produttore di gru generiche Grove, avendo venduto tale tipo di attrezzatura a quasi tutti i porti portoghesi, da Viana do Castelo nel nord a Faro e Vila Real de Santo António nel sud, per non parlare dei porti nelle Azzorre ed a Madeira.

La Almovß ha altresi istituito relazioni con il produttore di gru Demag nel 1980, vendendo due delle proprie gru portuali mobili a Madeira ed una a Figueira da Foz. Dal 1987 in poi, in seguito alla fusione della Demag con la Gottwald, le vendite successive sono state fatte all'Autorità Portuale di Sines, due alla Liscont (per usarle rispettivamente a Lisbona ed a Figueira da Foz), più una ciascuna alla Navipor, stivatore di Setúbal, alla Sotagus/TMB, operatore terminal containers di Lisbona, ed alla Socarpor di Aveiro.

Per la Almovß, quest'anno sembrerebbe essere la migliore annata nella storia della societa, essendo pervenute le conferme di vendita di due gru portuali mobili Gottwald ai porti di Ponta Delgada e Praia da Vitoria nell'arcipelago delle Azzorre e di una al terminal per rinfuse secche della Sapec a Setúbal. Tuttavia, sebbene Arriaga abbia avvertito che le prospettive per il prossimo anno non sembrano altrettanto buone, egli ciononostante ritiene che a Setúbal, dove il terminal multipurpose si avvicina alla scadenza della concessione, un potenziale di vendite ulteriori in definitiva esista.

Oltre alle gru portuali mobili, la Almovß dispone altresi di un accordo relativo alla distribuzione con la Kalmar, al fine di vendere la gamma ex-Sisu di RTG, trattori terminalistici e straddle carriers. Tuttavia, prima della fusione, la Kalmar aveva venduto le proprie impilatrici ed i propri elevatori a forca in Portogallo mediante un agente indipendente, un accordo che da allora ha mantenuto e che lascia la Almovß libera di rappresentare la CVS-Ferrari in questa gamma di prodotto. La situazione e divenuta ancora più complicata a causa della recente acquisizione da parte della Kalmar del produttore di gru a cavaliere Nelcon, che anch'esso dispone del proprio agente in Portogallo, il che fa sì che la Kalmar sia rappresentata in questo piccolo paese di appena 10 milioni di abitanti da non meno di tre agenti.

Rispetto alla questione del piazzamento delle RTG della Kalmar in Portogallo, Arriaga ha ammesso che le valvole di sfogo di nuove vendite al momento attuale sono impossibili da identificare. Né Leixões né la Lisbona-Liscont attualmente si servono di RTG, sebbene alcune unità estremamente vecchie ancora operino presso la Lisbona-Sotagus. Sebbene Sines debba essere attrezzata con RTG, le ordinazioni al riguardo sono state effettuate direttamente dalla PSA senza tener conto delle agenzie locali.

La Almovß ha avuto maggiore fortuna con i trattori terminalistici, avendone venduti alcuni alla Liscont ed altri a terminals sull'isola di Madera, ma il mercato - afferma Arriaga - e modesto.

Avendo appena concluso un accordo con la CVS-Ferrari, la Almovß deve ancora completare le vendite sia di impilatrici sia di elevatori a forca a terminals portoghesi. Tuttavia, in passato essa aveva fatto in modo da piazzare impilatrici Sisu nei porti di Horta e Ponta Delgada, così come alle CP (Ferrovie Portoghesi) ed al terminal contenitori interno gestito dalla TVT.

D'altro canto, la Almovß non si affida solamente alla vendita di attrezzature per ricavare proventi, sottolinea Arriaga. "La fornitura di servizi successivi alla vendita costituisce una parte estremamente importante della nostra attivita" ha dichiarato. "Noi gestiamo la garanzia iniziale del produttore, offrendo un servizio a seconda dei casi ovvero contratti di manutenzione successiva. Ancora più in là, possiamo esaminare con il produttore le possibilità di effettuare una completa ristrutturazione o un miglioramento, oppure possiamo suggerire per nostro conto le soluzioni da adottare".
(da: Cargo Systems, dicembre 2002)


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Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
On April 11, the sixth edition of the "Italian Port Days" will begin.
Rome
Also this year the project has been divided into two sessions : the first in the spring and the second from September 20 to October 20
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Nola
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››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
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(Reuters)
Le transport maritime national navigue à vue
(Aujourd'hui Le Maroc)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Relazione del presidente Mario Mattioli
Roma, 27 ottobre 2023
››› File
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Kempten
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The Piraeus
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Genoa
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Izmir
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New York
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Victoria
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Genoa
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Curitiba / Dubai
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Singaporean ONE will restructure the feeder service between the Adriatic and Egypt
Singapore
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The Spezia
68.3% of this sum for the purchase of organized tours
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Vienna
Increase in the frequency of departures on the Duisburg-Villach-Lubiana line
Five more ULCV banchina cranes for the Malaysian port of Tanjung Pelepas
Gelang Patah
They have been ordered to Chinese ZPMC
On April 11, the sixth edition of the "Italian Port Days" will begin.
Rome
Also this year the project has been divided into two sessions : the first in the spring and the second from September 20 to October 20
Autonomous driving systems ensure benefits to self-driving companies and drivers, ensure from China
Shanghai
Deshun Logistics tests the technologies of Inceptio Technology in commercial travel
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