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Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XVI - Number 2/98 - FEBRUARY 1998

Logistics

La distribuzione nell'ambito del settore automobilistico nella penisola iberica

La distribuzione di parti di veicoli e dei veicoli stessi, sia in Spagna che in Portogallo, è un'operazione complessa. Essa comporta l'utilizzazione dei sistemi più avanzati per la realizzazione dei concetti di just-in-time ora prevalenti nel settore.

Gli investimenti esteri svolgono un ruolo significativo in Spagna, sia nel settore dell'industria automobilistica che altrove. Un'indicazione del livello degli investimenti esteri diretti complessivi in Spagna e della possibile base logica sottintesa in termini di costo del lavoro può rintracciarsi nelle Tabelle 1 e 2.

TABELLA 1
INVESTIMENTI ESTERI DIRETTI IN SPAGNA
Anno
Miliardi di pesetas
Variazione annua
1989
1248
+ 46,6%
1990
1830
+ 23,7%
1991
2263
- 15,4%
1992
1915
- 3,1%
1993
1856
+ 26,5%
1994
2348
 
Fonti: ZAL, Porto di Barcellona

E' interessante notare come più del 40% dei progetti d'investimento estero in Spagna sia localizzato in Catalogna (dove si trova Barcellona) e come, sebbene il costo del lavoro spagnolo stia gradualmente spostandosi verso il livello medio dell'Unione Europea, la Spagna possa ancora essere annoverata tra i Paesi meno cari in ambito europeo.

La Arcu Logistics è un esempio di come i concetti di just-in-time vengano messi in atto da un'impresa straniera che ha investito in Spagna.

TABELLA 2
INDICI DEL COSTO ORARIO DEL LAVORO

(SPAGNA = 100)

Paese
Indice
Spagna
100
Italia
139
Francia
141
Germania
224
Fonti: ZAL, Porto di Barcellona

Sino alla fine di settembre dello scorso anno, la Arcu Logistics era posseduta da una holding svizzera, ma successivamente è stata rilevata dagli amministratori senza investimenti esterni. La società-holding, una Gmbh, ha un capitale azionario pari a 1,5 miliardi di marchi tedeschi. Essa lavora principalmente nell'ambito dell'industria automobilistica, ma fa anche qualcosa con produttori di carta e di materie chimiche. Tra i suoi principali clienti vi sono la BMW, la Opel, la Ford, la VW/Audi, la Skoda e la Seat. La Arcu attualmente movimenta 135.000 unità all'anno intermodalmente e 22.500 TEU via mare, potendo disporre di una flotta di 1.500 swapbodies e containers.

A supporto del settore automobilistico e, in particolare, della propria filosofia del just-in-time, la società ha sviluppato ed offre un servizio giornaliero tipo "consegna del latte". Vale a dire, un semirimorchio stradale carica presso un certo numero (di solito, tre) di fornitori di parti per auto tra le 11 e le 13, arriva al terminale ferroviario di Granollers, in Spagna, completamente carico, alle 18 per poi partire sul treno alle 20. In questo modo, le parti vengono trasportate in treno alla volta degli impianti automobilistici in Spagna, Portogallo, Germania, Polonia e Bielorussia. L'operazione di trasporto combinato è condotta in associazione con ICF (Intercontainer-Interfrigo), il che avviene con successo da sei anni.

Ogni giorno un treno-blocco Qualitynet ICF parte da Granollers, raggiunge il nodo di Metz via Port Bou, laddove gli swapbodies vengono trasferiti su altri convogli destinati alle specifiche destinazioni con arrivo il mattino del terzo giorno. Al fine di assicurare che non si verifichi alcun ritardo a Metz, il terminal viene preavvisato elettronicamente circa il contenuto del treno 12 ore prima dell'arrivo allo scopo di predisporre l'accoglienza e lo smistamento del carro.

L'ICF è anche impegnata nel trasporto di componenti di auto su swapbody nell'ambito del suo collegamento tra Colonia in Germania e Valencia in Spagna, in cui vengono effettuati sei treni-blocco ogni settimana in entrambe le direzioni. In questo servizio, i convogli partono da Colonia il giorno 1 ed arrivano a Valencia il giorno 3 via Saarbrücken in Germania e Port Bou sul confine franco-spagnolo. Nel caso che gli swapbodies eccedano la capacità dei vagoni, l'eccesso viene portato a Valencia via Qualitynet entro tempi di viaggio paragonabili.

Si riconosce che, per questo tipo di traffico, i tempi di viaggio sono d'importanza cruciale, data la minaccia d'interruzione della linea produttiva presso il cliente finale nel caso che le scorte dovessero esaurirsi prima dell'arrivo della successiva consegna di componenti. A seconda delle componenti, le scorte possono essere sufficienti per un massimo di 12 ore. A tale riguardo, viene assicurato un monitoraggio attivo no stop sette giorni alla settimana con trasmissione di rapporti sulla situazione ogni tre ore.

Un'altra attività relativa alla distribuzione di parti per auto in Spagna viene condotta dalla Honda Europa dal centro distribuzione ZAL nel porto di Barcellona.

La Honda Logistics Centre Spain SA fa parte di una rete di cinque centri sparsi in tutta Europa; gli altri sono localizzati a Gand, in Belgio, che è un centro primario che provvede al trasporto di una gamma di 300.000 parti per auto ed assicura spazio per 25.000 automobili, a Swindon, nel Regno Unito, a Francoforte, in Germania, ed a Verona, in Italia. Attualmente esistono anche due piccoli magazzini in Portogallo e Svizzera, di cui peraltro è in programma la dismissione nel breve termine.

Il centro di Barcellona è stato istituito a giugno del 1996, ha iniziato le operazioni a marzo del 1997 ed attualmente distribuisce una gamma di 35.000 parti. Esso si propone, in un futuro non troppo distante, di incrementare questa cifra sino a 65.000 unità. Circa il 95% del materiale proviene da Gand, mentre il resto arriva da fornitori in Spagna, sebbene ci si aspetti che tra poco possano cominciare le forniture dirette via mare dal Giappone. In termini di personale, l'attuale forza-lavoro consiste solo di 19 unità, ma vi è l'intenzione di incrementare questa cifra fino a 40-45 dipendenti nei prossimi due anni.

Le scorte di parti di auto al momento arrivano dal centro principale di Gand su base giornaliera, mediante instradamento ferroviario alla volta di Perpignano in Francia e, di lì, a Barcellona via strada. I tempi di viaggio da Gand a Barcellona sono dell'ordine di 18-19 ore. In questo modo, si calcola che l'80% delle ordinazioni vengano trattate e consegnate entro il mattino seguente, mentre il restante 20% è consegnato entro il pomeriggio seguente. Di fatto, quindi, le ordinazioni effettuate presso il centro prima delle 13.30 possono essere consegnate entro il medesimo pomeriggio. La distribuzione ai punti di vendita Honda in ambito spagnolo viene effettuata via strada poiché, come spiega Gerard Bassols, direttore del centro, "la distribuzione via ferrovia all'interno della Spagna al momento non è competitiva". I tempi di viaggio dal centro principale di Gand al distributore spagnolo si esauriscono attualmente in 48 ore, sebbene in casi di emergenza si possa anche ricorrere al trasporto aereo. Tutti i centri sono collegati direttamente mediante computer in tempo reale.

Nell'altra metà della penisola iberica, è entrato in funzione un imponente sviluppo a Palmela, un distretto di Setubal in Portogallo.

L'impianto Autoeuropa è costituito da una associazione tra la Ford e la Volkswagen per la produzione e la distribuzione di veicoli multi-ruolo nel cui contesto ciascuna marca conserva la propria identità, ma le linee di assemblaggio vengono condivise. In questo modo, vengono prodotti in Portogallo per l'esportazione nel resto del mondo tre nuovi modelli di autoveicoli destinati al trasporto persone (la Ford Galaxy, la VW Sharan e la Seat Alhambra). Fino ad ora, gli investimenti complessivi nel progetto, compreso lo sviluppo di nuovi modelli, dovrebbero aggirarsi intorno a 2,25 miliardi di dollari USA.

Il mercato dei veicoli multi-ruolo ha avuto inizio in Europa nel 1986 ed in quel momento totalizzava 36.000 veicoli. Testimoniano la rapida espansione della domanda per questo prodotto le 316.000 unità costruite nel 1996, una cifra che è destinata ad aumentare fino a 500.000 unità nel 2000. Per fare un confronto, il medesimo mercato negli USA nel corso del 1995 ha totalizzato 1.250.000 unità, partendo da una base di appena 125.000 nel 1983.

Presso l'Autoeuropa, nel 1996 sono state prodotte 119.042 unità, cifra che - sulla base di un'estrapolazione dei dati relativi alla produzione gennaio-settembre 1997, pari a 91.393 unità - dovrebbe quest'anno essere superata del 2,4%. La produzione citata è stata conseguita mediante il lavoro di 3.900 addetti operanti sulla base di due turni. I veicoli dell'impianto vengono esportati verso 32 Paesi nel complesso, tra i quali il consumatore di gran lunga maggiore è la Germania (39,7%), seguita da Regno Unito (16,8%), Francia (8,8%), Belgio (7,7%) ed Italia (7%). Di fatto, oltre il 98% dei veicoli prodotti vengono esportati e rappresentano il 2,1% stimato del PIL portoghese del 1996, unitamente ad un impatto sulle esportazioni nazionali (stimato anche questo) dell'11,8%.

A Palmela vengono condotte operazioni just-in-time veramente efficaci: i soci del parco industriale sono anche i principali fornitori dell'impianto automobilistico, riducendo così i tempi necessari per la notifica a quattro ore. In effetti, dei 314 fornitori di cui ci si serve nel contesto del processo produttivo di automobili, 10 sono localizzati all'interno del parco industriale e 43 in altre zone del Portogallo; gli altri 261 sono localizzati invece in altre zone d'Europa. Tuttavia, è interessante notare come il 17% dei fornitori di prodotto con sede in Portogallo assicurino il 48% del valore del prodotto fornito dall'impianto. La consegna di componenti che provengono da fornitori distanti avviene tramite semirimorchi stradali, mentre la raccolta dai fornitori del parco industriale è espletata da un trenino su gomma appositamente progettato e gestito dal socio logistico di Autoeuropa, la Frans Maas & PGS. Dal trenino i materiali vengono scaricati per mezzo di elevatori a forca tradizionali.

Una volta prodotte, le auto vengono consegnate all'interno del Paese per mezzo di autotrasportatori. In caso di esportazione, invece, i veicoli vengono movimentati attraverso un terminal ferroviario situato a 300 metri dall'area di assemblaggio e da lì via mare attraverso il porto di Setubal, tramite nave ro-ro.

Sia in Spagna che in Portogallo, quindi, sono in atto complesse procedure che mettono in pratica con successo il concetto del just-in-time.

(da: Containerisation International, gennaio 1998)

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Trieste
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Milan
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Haropa Port sets new container traffic record
Le Havre
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Decio Lucano, the dean of shipping journalists, has passed away.
Genoa
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Marsa Maroc orders 106 electric terminal tractors from Terberg
Benschop
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A single binding offer from Dubai for the purchase of the Venice Ro-Port Mos
Venice
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Contargo acquires 50% of Cargo-Center-Graz Logistik
Mannheim
The German company extends its intermodal network to the Adriatic ports of Koper and Rijeka.
The Port of Long Beach handled record container traffic in 2025
Long Beach
In the last quarter, a decrease of -8.8% was recorded
HMM to introduce AI-based autonomous navigation solutions on 40 vessels
Seoul
Contract with Avikus and agreement with KSOE
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Padua
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Genoa
The shipping company is part of Grupo Sousa
MSC and Qatari company Maha to develop and manage the Libyan port of Misurata
Paris/Misurata
An investment of 1.5 billion dollars is expected
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Milan
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Eni launches the hull of the Coral North FLNG
Geoje/San Donato Milanese
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Laghezza has acquired a logistics warehouse in Sarzana
La Spezia
The aim is to establish a local hub for local production activities.
The Red Sea Container Terminal at the Egyptian port of Sokhna has been inaugurated.
Sokhna
It is operated by a joint venture of Hutchison Ports, COSCO and CMA Terminals
The GNV Altair ferry has joined the GNV fleet
Genoa
It has a capacity of 2,700 passengers and 915 linear metres of rolling stock.
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
Ignazio Messina & C. has acquired full control of Thermocar
Genoa
The Genoese company operates in the temperature-controlled refrigerated container logistics sector.
Maersk confirms resumption of MECL transits through the Suez Canal
Copenhagen
The line connects India and the Middle East with the US East Coast
Genco's board of directors rejected Diana Shipping's acquisition proposal.
New York/Athens
The American company, however, leaves a glimmer of hope by admitting the validity of the merger
MSC will include the port of Trieste in the Dragon Italy-USA service
Geneva
The Julian port will be reached starting from the second half of February
De Wave Group has acquired French company DL Services.
Genoa
The company specializes in the design of industrial kitchens and the supply of technical components and spare parts on board
CMA CGM's TUX transatlantic service will call at the port of Salerno
Marseille
The line connects Turkey with the East Coast of the USA
New intermodal connections between Northern Italy and Belgium by GTS Rail and CargoBeamer
Bari/Leipzig
Activated on the Padua-Zeebrugge and Liège-Domodossola lines
Cruise traffic in the port of Piraeus increased by +9% last year
Piraeus
Approximately 1.85 million passengers moved
In 2025, cruise traffic in the port of Genoa grew by +6.5%
Genoa
Ferry passengers down 3.6%
Grimaldi took delivery of the PCTC Grande Manila
Naples
The vessel has a total capacity of 9,241 CEUs.
Expedition cruise ship Exploris One to be auctioned off
Nantes
It has a capacity of 144 passengers and 102 crew members.
SeaCube Container Leasing has acquired Martin Container.
Montvale
The company specializes in the refrigerated container segment
Pisano: The Simplified Logistics Zone has great strategic importance for the port of La Spezia.
La Spezia
RINA and HPC launch project to promote green ports in the Caspian region
Genoa
Five-year contract with the OSCE
Vard to build four Multi-Purpose Robotic Vessels for Ocean Infinity
Trieste
The contract has a total value of over 200 million euros
Hanseatic Global Terminals will become sole owner of Florida International Terminal
Rotterdam
A conference on congestion in the North West logistics system will be held in Genoa on January 19th.
Genoa
It will be held at the Transparency Hall of the Liguria Region
The transportation sector enters a turning point with the adoption of artificial intelligence
Ulm
However, most companies are still in the early stages of this process.
Work completed to widen the access channel to the port of Livorno.
Livorno
The width between the two banks will be increased from 70 to 120 meters
Nexans sets a record for the depth of laying a high-voltage submarine cable on the Tyrrhenian Link
Paris
Installation at -2,150 meters
Funds for Spanish ports to adapt to the use of wind energy and other marine renewable energy sources
Madrid
Program with a total value of 212 million euros
CMD - Costruzioni Motori Diesel returns to wholly Italian ownership
Atella
Giorgio and Mariano Negri have acquired 67% of the capital held by the Chinese Loncin Motor Co.
Intesa Sanpaolo is financing the construction of three PCTCs for Grimaldi Euromed.
Milan
The new ships will be delivered later this year
Medlog acquires Australian intermodal operations of Seaway
Fremantle
The transaction will be completed within the first quarter of this year.
MIT has updated cybersecurity measures for national ships, ports and port facilities
Rome
A circular has been published which, among other things, introduces staff training
V.Group has bought the Danish company Njord
London
The company offers the shipping industry solutions for energy efficiency and decarbonisation
Fire aboard the Majestic ferry in the Port of Genoa
Genoa
The flames were extinguished by the intervention of the on-board fire brigade and did not cause any injuries.
COSCO to acquire control of German logistics company Zippel
Hamburg
Agreement to acquire 80% of its capital
Colombo Port Sets New Annual Container Traffic Record
Columbus
Sri Lanka Ports Authority signs agreement with French shipping group CMA CGM
Viasat to exit British company Navarino's capital
London
ICG to support the Tsikopoulos brothers in reinvesting in the company
The Palau government ensures the full operation of the Naval Registry
Koror
Moses (BMT): Services continue to be provided in accordance with international procedures and standards
In the first nine months of 2025, freight transported on the Austrian rail network increased by +1.4%
Vienna
Growth of +4.9% was recorded in the third quarter alone
Saipem wins $425 million offshore contract to develop the Sakarya gas field.
The decree for the distribution of PNRR resources to interports has been signed.
Rome
The disbursement of 1.9 million euros is expected
Messina, a Genoese company, launches a new service to Algeria.
Genoa
The rotation touches the ports of Fos, Genoa, Barcelona, Algiers, Fos
FS Logistix is the first company in Europe to certify its carbon footprint for freight transport.
Rome
The FS group company has obtained ISO 14067 certification
WASS (Fincantieri Group) wins torpedo supply contract for Indian Navy
Trieste
Contract with a total value of over 200 million euros
FHP Intermodal will become operational on January 1st
Milan
FHP Group completes the integration process between its subsidiaries CFI Intermodal and Lotras
The Coral Adventurer cruise ship ran aground in Papua New Guinea.
Port Moresby
No harm to people on board
d'Amico International Shipping orders two new MR1 product tankers from Guangzhou Shipyard International.
Port of Gioia Tauro: Anchorage fee reduction approved again
Gioia Tauro
A total sum of 1.5 million euros has been allocated
The Council of State has confirmed the legitimacy of the tender for the new Ravano Pier in La Spezia.
Rome/La Spezia
The TAR ruling for Liguria has been confirmed.
Hupac will launch a new shuttle train service between Duisburg and Novara.
Noise
Schedule six rotations per week
Ferry docking slots for Piombino and Elba Island in 2026 have been assigned.
Livorno
Project financing process for the first hydrogen production plant in the port of La Spezia
La Spezia
Project to provide "mobile" supplies to vehicles such as locomotives and boats
The new hydrofoil terminal at the port of Messina will be named after a victim of femicide.
Messina
The initiative to remember Omayma Benghaloum
Three new e-RTG yard cranes have arrived at the PSA Venice-Vecon terminal
Venice
Investment of 8.5 million euros
Fincantieri delivers second multipurpose combat ship to the Indonesian Navy
Trieste
Ceremony at the Muggiano shipyard
In June the Grendi group will equip itself with a fifth ro-ro vessel
Genoa
It will have a load capacity of 3,000 linear meters
The employment contract renewal for transport and logistics company managers has been signed.
Rome
Signed today by Manageritalia and Confetra
Brussels has approved the loan to rescue the rail freight company Lineas.
Brussels
Sixty-one million euros granted by the Belgian government
Green Mobility Partners and KKR Partner to Create European Rail Leasing Platform
Frankfurt
American company invests in GMP
Saipem wins offshore EPCI contract in Qatar
Milan
The contract is worth approximately $3.1 billion.
Wärtsilä sells its Gas Solutions division to German private equity firm Mutares.
Helsinki/Munich
Bank of China finances purchase of Grimaldi Euromed's Grande Melbourne
Amount of 57 million euros
GeneSYS Informatica (Fratelli Cosulich) has acquired 51% of the capital of Navimeteo
KSOE wins $466 million order for four container ships
Lysaker/Seongnam
NYK and Ocean Yield Award Order for Four New LNG Carriers
ONE's Adriatic Service 1 will also make stops at the port of Ancona
Singapore
The line to Damietta has a weekly frequency
Consolidation work on the Riva quay at the port of Ortona has been completed.
Ancona
Thirteen million is the cost for the adaptation of the infrastructure
Vard has signed a cooperation agreement with the Norwegian research institute Norce
Ålesund
It concerns all fields of research and innovation in the naval sector
Energy transition, regulatory simplification, competitiveness of the maritime industry, and port governance are Confitarma's priorities.
Rome
Federlogistica reports the project cargo's inability to travel on Northwest highways.
Genoa
Falteri: We are facing a real systemic crisis.
ZIM shareholders reach agreement again
Haifa
Agreement reached on candidates for the renewal of the board of directors
Merger by incorporation of Degrosolutions into CLS
Milan
Castelli: We aim to strengthen our growth path in the Italian forklift market.
Approval has been given to measures to support the re-employment of workers at the Pippo Rebagliati Company in Savona-Vado.
Genoa
Administrative proceedings for cold ironing at the cruise terminal in the port of Savona have begun.
Assiterminal reports an assault on a worker at the Vado Gateway terminal.
Genoa
It is not tolerable - the association highlighted - that similar episodes occur
The Management Committee of the Central-Northern Adriatic Sea Port Authority has been established.
Ravenna
It is composed of Francesco Benevolo, Luca Coffari, Tomaso Triossi and Maurizio Tattoli
Stonepeak (Textainer) Completes Acquisition of Seaco
Hamilton
It was sold by China's Bohai Leasing Co.
In the second quarter of 2025, cargo traffic in Greek ports decreased by -3.9%.
Piraeus
Passengers increased by +0.9%
AD Ports involved in container traffic development at Shuaiba Port
Abu Dhabi
Agreement with the Kuwait Ports Authority
EU expands fight against Russian shadow fleet to include operators facilitating its deployment
Brussels
Five more people and four companies fined
In November, the port of Barcelona handled 296,000 containers (+1.0%)
Barcelona
Import and export containers are increasing; transit containers are decreasing.
Paolo Spada, vice president of Federagenti, has passed away.
Rome
Pessina: He leaves an unfillable void in the entire Italian maritime community.
Container traffic at the port of Hong Kong decreased by -12.0% in November
Hong Kong
In the first 11 months of 2025 the decline was -5.7%
Rebranding for the Messina Group's activities
Genoa
Common graphic and lexical choice for all business areas
Emanuele Grimaldi has been appointed an honorary member of the National Order of Merit of Malta.
Naples
He is among the founders of the Malta International Shipowners' Association, of which he holds the position of vice-president.
Six new 100% electric yard cranes have arrived at the PSA Genova Pra' terminal.
Genoa
Three more vehicles will be delivered to the PSA Venice-Vecon terminal at Christmas
ICTSI to upgrade the Rio Brasil Terminal container terminal at the Port of Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Investment of approximately 175 million dollars
In the first 11 months of 2025, the Port of Singapore handled over 40.7 million containers (+8.5%)
Singapore
Overall freight traffic decreased by -1.1%
GTS increases the frequency of its intermodal connections between Bari and Verona and Piacenza and Nola.
Bari
The first will increase to six rotations; the second will become daily
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
A conference on congestion in the North West logistics system will be held in Genoa on January 19th.
Genoa
It will be held at the Transparency Hall of the Liguria Region
Spediporto's conference "Take opportunities navigating trade tensions" will be held in Genoa on December 1st and 2nd.
Genoa
It will be held at the Conference Hall of Banca Bper
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Bulgarian court rejects extradition of Russian owner of a ship linked to Beirut port blast
(ABCNEWS.com)
Three UAE Firms Eye Investment In Kenya's Port, Renewable Energy, And Shipping Projects
(Capital FM Kenya)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
The Partnership Body for the Sea Resources of the Eastern Ligurian Sea Port Authority has been established.
La Spezia
Appointment by decree of President Pisano
Agreement between the Port Authority and the Chamber of Commerce to facilitate the entry of an industrial partner into Genoa Airport.
Genoa
It will be signed soon
Paolo Guidi has been elected the new president of Assologistica.
Milan
The Vice Presidents are Sabrina De Filippis, Riccardo Fuochi, Agostino Gallozzi, Paolo Pandolfo, Umberto Ruggerone and Renzo Sartori.
138 kilos of cocaine seized at the port of Civitavecchia.
Rome
Found inside an articulated lorry disembarked from a ship coming from Spain
The decree has been signed for the disposal of dredged sediment from the port of La Spezia at the new breakwater in Genoa.
La Spezia
The transfer of 282,000 cubic meters is planned
Greek CCEC has almost completed its exit from the containership segment
Athens
$814.3 million in proceeds from the sale of 14 full containers in 22 months
GNV Virgo was christened in the port of Palermo
Genoa
GNV's fleet renewal program includes the construction of eight ships
The Livorno Port Center celebrates a decade spent integrating the port and city reality
Livorno
Gariglio (AdSP): in recent years we have managed to create a community atmosphere
Fincantieri and WSense reach agreement on underwater monitoring and communication technologies for maritime infrastructure.
Trieste/Milan
Members of the Management Committee of the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea Port Authority have been appointed.
Livorno
The nomination of the member expressed by the Tuscany Region has not yet been received
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