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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XVIII - Number 1/2000 - JANUARY 2000

Ports

La privatizzazione del Pireo

La PPA (Autorità Portuale del Pireo) guarda avanti al nuovo millennio con notevole ottimismo.

Gli ultimi due anni sono stati buoni per il principale porto greco, specialmente per quanto riguarda il settore della movimentazione dei contenitori che ha fatto registrare una solida crescita. Oltre a ciò, l'economia greca - e con essa il porto in questione - dovrebbero ricevere grande impulso dai Giochi Olimpici che verranno ospitati in Grecia nel 2004.

Inoltre, la nuova struttura societaria del porto, che è stata inaugurata il 1° maggio scorso, assicura alla gestione portuale una maggiore autonomia decisionale ed una più ampia libertà operativa.

Harilaos Psaraftis, direttore amministrativo della PPA di fresca nomina (in precedenza era direttore generale ma ora gli è stata attribuita questa diversa carica ai sensi del nuovo atto costitutivo) spiega il processo di transizione.

"Il porto si è trasformato da istituto burocratico statale ad impresa di proprietà statale dotata di un programma finalizzato ad una ulteriore - seppur parziale - privatizzazione in futuro" ha dichiarato. "Una squadra di consulenti indipendenti (un consorzio tra la Kantor-Rogan Associates e la Transport Consulting Bremen) è al lavoro al fine di redigere un piano gestionale strategico dell'impresa. Quest'ultimo dovrà altresì cercare il modo in cui le società private possano contribuire ai lavori del porto". E' stato fatto capire che è in corso di valutazione un certo numero di opzioni, tra cui la quotazione di una percentuale azionaria della PPA alla borsa valori di Atene.

"La nuova struttura ci darà una maggiore autonomia e ci metterà in grado di reagire più rapidamente alle mutevoli condizioni del mercato, nonché di provvedere più liberamente alle decisioni circa gli investimenti in maniera meno burocratica" ha detto Psaraftis. Il vecchio consiglio di 14 membri è stato sostituito da un consiglio composto da nove membri.

Il dirigente spera, ad esempio, che le difficoltà affrontate dal porto per ottenere l'approvazione del nuovo sistema computerizzato destinato ai propri terminal contenitori non si ripeteranno. "La PPA ha cominciato a parlare di computers nel 1990" ha dichiarato Psaraftis "ma in seguito l'amministrazione ha dovuto occuparsi di una serie di appalti giunti a termine e ha dovuto riscrivere i contratti, tanto che l'approvazione definitiva del progetto non è arrivata che nel 1998, allorquando è stata infine raggiunta un'intesa con la Navis".

Sebbene Psaraftis non abbia detto chiaro e tondo che il ritardo ha comportato direttamente degli svantaggi alle prospettive di attività del porto, ha però lasciato senza dubbio capire che il livello di produttività e di efficienza ne è stato frenato. "Data la crescita della base dei nostri traffici e l'obsolescenza dei sistemi informatici, è un miracolo che il nostro terminal contenitori sia riuscito comunque a lavorare". Ci si aspetta che la messa in atto del nuovo sistema venga ultimata nel corso della primavera del 2000.

Psaraftis sostiene altresì che la nuova struttura consente alla PPA di dar corso a molte nuove opportunità commerciali, tra cui la possibilità di contrattare accordi relativi ad associazioni commerciali, il che era vietato ai sensi del precedente atto costitutivo. Inoltre, la PPA sarà in grado di siglare contratti con i suoi clienti senza dover prima richiedere l'approvazione a dirigenti governativi.

IL PORTO DEL PIREO

Il presente:

Le attività di movimentazione dei contenitori del Pireo si concentrano sul Venizelos Container Terminal, situato nel distretto portuale di Neo Ikonion. Il complesso comprende:

  • due moli containerizzati (otto ormeggi) di lunghezza complessiva pari a circa 3,1 km e con profondità lungobanchina da 14 a 16 metri
  • un'area complessiva del sito pari a 90 ettari
  • 10 gru a cavalletto bordo-costa, quattro delle quali hanno dimensioni post-Panamax. Altre due unità post-Panamax saranno erette all'inizio del 2000
  • è in fase di acquisizione una singola gru mobile, estinata principalmente al servizio delle navi di tipo feeder

I traffici:

  • 1996 - 575.256 TEU
  • 1997 - 683.969 TEU
  • 1998 - 933.096 TEU
  • 1999 - 984.000 TEU

Il futuro:

  • lo sviluppo del Molo 3 per assicurare altri 2.000 metri di linea d'ormeggio e 400.000 m2 di spazio di deposito
  • pescaggio lungobanchina di 16,5 metri
  • l'aumento della capacità produttiva containerizzata da 1,2 milioni di TEU a 2 milioni di TEU

Nel 1998, i traffici movimentati presso il complesso portuale per la movimentazione dei contenitori di Neo Ikonion sono aumentati di più del 33% rispetto ai 685.000 TEU del 1997 sino a 933.096 TEU. Ciò è stato in gran parte dovuto al trasferimento della propria base di trasbordo mediterranea da parte della MSC (Mediterranean Shipping Co) dal porto maltese di Marsaxlokk al Pireo. Inoltre, nello scorso mese di settembre la MSC ha rinnovato il proprio contratto con la PPA siglando un nuovo accordo quinquennale.

Sebbene i particolari precisi dell'accordo rimangano riservati, si è saputo che la PPA congelerà le tariffe di utenza portuale della MSC per almeno due anni in cambio di una commessa minima di 200.000 contenitori in transito all'anno da parte dell'operatore svizzero. Quest'ultimo accordo darà impulso al ruolo del Pireo nel contesto dell'attività di trasbordo nel Mediterraneo orientale e dovrebbe incoraggiare lo scalo di altri servizi presso il porto.

Attualmente, i traffici di raccordo rappresentano il 35-40% dei risultati complessivi containerizzati del Pireo. "Si tratta di un settore di attività al quale contiamo di interessarci ulteriormente" ha dichiarato Psaraftis, che ritiene che al riguardo il suo porto costituisca l'ideale dal punto di vista sia geografico che commerciale. "Siamo più vicini al Mediterraneo orientale rispetto a Malta ed ai porti italiani, abbiamo buone infrastrutture per la movimentazione dei contenitori che vengono continuamente migliorate e disponiamo di acque molto profonde (16 metri)" spiega il dirigente. "Abbiamo altresì una significativa base di carichi locali, che rende molto meno costoso l'attracco in loco alle linee di navigazione, nonché tariffe per l'utenza assai competitive".

Tuttavia, il porto non si è concentrato solo sui prezzi. "Naturalmente, abbiamo lavorato duro per diventare più efficienti e produttivi" sostiene Psaraftis "ma abbiamo anche cercato di capire meglio le esigenze dei nostri clienti". Egli ha citato a mo' di esempio l'implementazione all'inizio del 1999 del sistema di ormeggio su appuntamento.

"Ai vettori che si accorderanno per entrare in porto ad un tempo dato" ha dichiarato "assicureremo in cambio un servizio garantito che soddisfi in pieno le proprie esigenze, vale a dire l'assegnazione di gru, le attrezzature da piazzale ecc., il quale consente alle navi di essere lavorate per tempo. A nostra volta, tali accordi ci permettono di pianificare meglio le operazioni ed i programmi di manutenzione. E' una situazione in cui vincono tutti". Attualmente, la Maersk Line, la Sea-Land e la P&O Nedlloyd hanno siglato accordi di "ormeggio su appuntamento".

Egli è dell'opinione che accordi come questo possano diventare sempre più importanti di pari passo con la ricerca - da parte dei porti - di commesse d'utenza a lungo termine dai propri clienti alla luce della concorrenza sempre più dura tra gli scali-nodo della regione. Inoltre, Psaraftis teme che con tutti i piani di sviluppo in atto, l'eccesso di capacità rappresenti "una minaccia vera e propria" a breve termine.

Psaraftis riconosce l'importanza dell'avere in funzione le attrezzature ed i sistemi appropriati. Per la primavera del 2000, il Pireo avrà ricevuto in consegna altre due gru post-Panamax (per un totale di sei) e diverse nuove straddle carriers; per allora, inoltre, sarà stato completamente installato un nuovo sistema computerizzato per la gestione del terminal.

Quest'ultimo, che è stato fornito dalla Navis, era necessario da tempo e - secondo Psaraftis - condurrà ad un miglioramento immediato del 25-30% per quel che riguarda la capacità di deposito del Venizelos Container Terminal. L'investimento complessivo dell'intero Sistema Informatico per la Gestione Portuale, che è in fase di installazione ad opera della principale impresa informatico-elettronica greca Intrasoft, è dell'ordine di 15 milioni di dollari USA.

Ciononostante, a lungo termine, la PPA dovrà sviluppare ulteriori infrastrutture per la movimentazione di contenitori. Psaraftis ha tratteggiato il progetto del Molo 3, che egli spera possa divenire realtà nel 2003-2004. "Vi sono diversi problemi di natura finanziaria ed ambientale da risolvere" ha dichiarato il dirigente, il quale suggerisce che potrebbero essere presi in considerazione dei pacchetti di finanziamento supportati dall'Unione Europea.

Sebbene il piano sia ancora a livello del tavolo da disegno, Psaraftis fa sapere che l'interesse suscitato nel settore dei vettori marittimi è stato entusiastico. "Essenzialmente, i clienti (ed anche quelli potenziali) desiderano servirsi di un porto più grande ed in cui sanno che vi sarà spazio per una crescita futura" ha fatto notare. "E noi siamo intenzionati ad essere proprio così".

Il Pireo dovrebbe altresì trarre vantaggio dal miglioramento delle connessioni ferroviarie. Psaraftis mira a nuovi mercati nei Balcani, in Bulgaria ed oltre, trasformando così lo scalo in una porta d'accesso intermodale regionale. Tuttavia, un collegamento diretto tra le infrastrutture containerizzate e la rete ferroviaria nazionale si farà attendere ancora per diversi anni a causa delle difficoltà tecniche comportate dalla costruzione di una linea di 7 km da Neo Ikonion ed Aspropyrgos. Anche lo schema di finanziamento al riguardo non è stato del tutto definito.

Psaraftis guarda al giorno in cui il collegamento sarà stato realizzato. Spiega infatti: "Aspropyrgos è situata sulla linea principale Peloponneso/Atene/Salonicco, che a sua volta ha connessioni dirette con l'Unione Europea ed i Balcani, e ciò ci assicura molte opportunità di marketing. Siamo altresì incoraggiati dai programmi dell'Organizzazione Ferroviaria Ellenica a sviluppare una grande piattaforma integrata per le merci ad Aspropyrgos, ritenendo che essa possa apportare vantaggi al porto".

Attualmente, l'hinterland del Pireo si concentra per lo più sulle regioni della Grande Atene e dell'Attica. Ciononostante, anche in questo caso Psaraftis è ottimista circa le prospettive e ritiene che l'integrazione del suo paese in ambito europeo possa rappresentare un propellente per la crescita dei traffici.

Egli, tuttavia, non concentra tutta la propria attenzione solamente sul settore dei contenitori e pensa che il mercato del trasporto di automobili possa offrire "interessanti opportunità" per il futuro progresso del porto.

Così ristrutturato, e sotto molti aspetti rivitalizzato, il porto del Pireo ha tutte le ragioni per aver voglia di partecipare alla festa del nuovo millennio.
(da: Containerisation International, dicembre 1999)

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La Spezia
Oats: Logistics efficiency depends on dialogue between all components of the supply chain.
In the first quarter, containers carried by OOCL vessels increased by +1.7%
Hong Kong
Revenues from this activity decreased by -7.6%
Francesco Di Leverano is the new secretary general of the Southern Adriatic Port Authority.
Bari
His four-year term will begin on May 11
Discount for large-capacity container ships transiting the Suez Canal suspended
Ismailia
It was in force from 15 May 2025
In February, freight traffic in the port of Ravenna decreased by -8.9%
Ravenna
An increase of +1.3% is expected for the month of March
Over 600 illegal workers discovered in the logistics sector
Rome
Coordinated and continuous collaboration contracts that masked actual subordinate employment relationships
RINA and Hanwha collaborate on battery-hybrid propulsion systems for ferries
Genoa/Busan
The projects will concern both existing and newly built vessels
French shipping company TOWT has been placed into administration
Le Havre
The company has two sailing cargo ships
Casciano (Vado Gateway): The final design for the new Bossarino toll booth in Vado Ligure has received approval.
Vado Ligure
The hope - he said - is that the work can be completed as soon as possible.
A forum on the economy, ports, and investments between Italy and North Africa will be held in La Spezia.
La Spezia
Scheduled for April 9th and 10th at the headquarters of the Port Authority of the Eastern Ligurian Sea
Number of ships undergoing repairs in Greece remains stable
Piraeus
Interventions carried out in dry dock are decreasing
The Italian government has extended the reduction in excise duties on fuel
Rome
The deadline has been extended to May 1st. 60% of the resources come from the ETS.
The Gaia Blu research vessel will serve as Italy's technological platform for autonomous navigation.
Rome
Towing operations of the LNG vessel Arctic Metagaz fail.
Tripoli
The LNG carrier is currently out of control and adrift
Yesterday a bulk carrier ran aground while transiting the Suez Canal
Ismailia
The incident was resolved within four hours
Confitarma and Assarmatori: The crisis puts maritime connections to the islands at risk.
Rome
Dominguez (IMO) urges States to coordinate to address the Hormuz maritime crisis
London
Since February 28, 21 attacks against vessels have occurred in the area
The La Spezia freight forwarders' association is urging measures to maintain the port's operational efficiency.
La Spezia
Due Torri is equipping itself with a 15,000-square-meter logistics hub at the Bologna Interporto.
Minerbio
In 2025, the Emilian company's turnover grew by +13.9%
The 2026 Italian Port Days program will begin soon.
Rome
The theme is "Italy, Gateway to the Mediterranean: Dialogues between Landings and Cities"
Port of La Spezia: First test for hydrogen refueling from dockside mobile vehicle to vessel
La Spezia
Bunkering trials at the Baglietto shipyard
NYK consolidates its operations in the dry bulk maritime transport segment
Tokyo
Group leaders appointed in eight European countries
Last year, freight traffic in Tunisian ports decreased by -5.2%
La Goulette
In the fourth quarter alone the decline was -8.5%
The Guardia di Finanza will use new drones to monitor the Gioia Tauro port area.
Gioia Tauro
The ports of Genoa and Savona-Vado will implement new PCS usage rights management procedures starting tomorrow.
Genoa
The measure does not introduce new charges
Nearly 400 kg of pure cocaine seized in the port of Gioia Tauro
Reggio Calabria
Three distinct operations performed within a week
Confitarma, with the Energy Decree, now is the time to allocate resources to maritime transport.
Rome
Baleària will have its own ferry terminal in the port of Barcelona
Barcelona
It will become operational in a year. Investment of €25.3 million.
In 2025, freight volumes transported by DB Cargo decreased by -8.1%
Berlin
Revenues fell by -8.0%
ONE has acquired 30% of Hutchison Laemchabang Terminal
Singapore
The company operates Terminals D, C1 & C2 and A3 of Laem Chabang Port
A Filt Cgil meeting on port work will be held tomorrow in Genoa.
Rome
It will be held at 10 am in the Port Call Room
Last month the port of Singapore handled 3.4 million containers (+3.2%)
Singapore/Hong Kong
Container traffic in Hong Kong fell by -8.0%
ALIS, the use of ETS revenues to encourage intermodality is a good idea.
Rome
Di Caterina: We hope for a significant increase in the financial resources for the Sea Modal Shift and Ferrobonus instruments starting next year.
CIMC's container sales fell by -31.9% last year.
Hong Kong
Revenues in the container segment fell by -30.9%
Pros and cons of hydrogen applications for decarbonization of the maritime and port sector
Genoa
It was discussed at the Propeller Club - Port of Genoa
In the third quarter of 2025, cargo traffic in Greek ports decreased by -3.6%.
Piraeus
Passengers increased by +1.2%
Confitarma praises legislative initiative for the maritime sector
Rome
Regulatory simplification is a good thing, an essential element for strengthening the competitiveness of national armaments
Assarmatori welcomes the Senate's approval of the "Promoting Marine Resources" bill.
Rome
Messina: overcomes a limitation of the Navigation Code that allows only Italian and EU citizens to join Gente di Mare.
The port system of Venice and Chioggia generates a production value of approximately 15 billion euros
Venice
Direct employees are 26,898 and, including related industries, they rise to 218,853
Green light for aid to reopen the Orbassano-Aiton Alpine Railway Highway.
Brussels
The European Commission authorizes subsidizing the service
Fit Cisl Savona, alarm raised over the potential impact on jobs of the drop in traffic at Vado Gateway.
Savona
The Gioia Tauro Port Authority Management Committee approved the reimbursement of mooring fees.
Gioia Tauro
1.5 million euros allocated
The Management Committee of the Port Authority of Genoa and Savona-Vado has taken note of the framework agreement with PSA
Genoa
The update of the Integrated Activity and Organization Plan has been approved.
Prologis and Singapore's GIC to form joint venture to invest $1.6 billion in new fulfillment centers in the U.S.
San Francisco/Singapore
The initial portfolio is approximately 380 thousand square meters
Hanwha Ocean and ONEX Sign Naval Shipbuilding Agreement
Seoul/Eleusis
The first project in sight is submarines for the Greek Navy
The Antitrust Authority has not opened an investigation into CEVA Logistics' acquisition of the Fagioli group.
Rome
The AGCM believes that the operation will not impede competition or create a dominant position
Singapore's ONE acquires stake in Dongwon Pusan Container Terminal
Singapore
The company operates at the Gammam and Singamman docks of the Port of Busan
EIB finances shore power installation in Rotterdam port
Rotterdam
A loan of 90 million euros has been granted
High-tech exoskeletons to ease the burden on dockworkers in the Port of Livorno.
Livorno
Experiment in collaboration with the Livorno Port Company
Salvatore Lauro, a shipowner from Campania, died yesterday in Ischia.
Naples
He was a senator of the Republic from 1996 to 2005
APM Terminals acquires 49% stake in Vietnam's Hateco Hai Phong International Container Terminal
The Hague/Hanoi
Third phase of construction of Mexico's Lázaro Cárdenas terminal begins
FedEx revenues increased by 8.3% in the December-February quarter
Memphis
Quarterly net income was $1.06 billion (+16.2%)
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
The public meeting of the Genoa freight forwarders' association will be held on April 27th.
Genoa
Appointment at the Stock Exchange Palace
A forum on the economy, ports, and investments between Italy and North Africa will be held in La Spezia.
La Spezia
Scheduled for April 9th and 10th at the headquarters of the Port Authority of the Eastern Ligurian Sea
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Shipbuilding's Spring Illusion: Backbone Collapses
(The Chosun Daily)
Russian shipbuilding holding USC designing high ice-class container ship for Rosatom for Northern Sea Route
(Interfax)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
London pledges £746 million to renovate Nigeria's two ports, Apapa and Tin Can Island, in Lagos.
London
Agreement between UK Export Finance and the Nigerian Ports Authority
Fabrizio Urbani is the new secretary general of the Port Authority of the Central-Northern Tyrrhenian Sea.
Civitavecchia
Unanimous resolution of the Management Committee
In the fourth quarter of 2025, French ports handled 74.2 million tonnes of goods (+7.2%)
La Defense
UNI/Fermerci reference practices on staff training presented at MIT
Rome
The Council of State has rejected the relocation of Genoa's chemical warehouses.
Rome/Genoa
The AdSP declares itself ready for a technical discussion within the framework of a specific initiative by the municipal administration
FS Logistix and Nurminen Logistics inaugurate a new weekly rail service between Sweden and Italy
Rome
2,500 kilometer route
Hapag-Lloyd signs maritime cooperation agreement with Indian government
Hamburg
Plans to bring ships under the Indian flag and collaborate in the development of ship recycling and Vadhavan port
A project for the digital transformation and technological development of the port of Gioia Tauro has been funded.
Gioia Tauro
Resources worth almost two million euros for the Port Authority of the Southern Tyrrhenian and Ionian Seas
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