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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XVIII - Number 7-8/2000 - JULY/AUGUST 2000

Sea Transport

La NSCSA compie 21 anni

Nello scorso mese di gennaio, la NSCSA (National Shipping Company of Saudi Arabia) ha ricevuto in consegna la Saudi Yanbu, terza ed ultima di una serie di portacontenitori da 4.400 TEU ordinate presso la Samsung Heavy Industries in Corea del Sud. La consegna in questione ha rappresentato il culmine di una strategia iniziata ai primi del 1997, quando la compagnia di navigazione si risolse ad impegnarsi decisamente nel settore del trasporto marittimo di containers, essendo stata fino a quel momento un operatore di tonnellaggio ro-ro multiruolo nell'ambito dei traffici Nordamerica/Medio Oriente ed Asia/Medio-Oriente.

In conseguenza della trasformazione operativa, sei navi ro-ro della NSCSA sono state concentrate sul mercato nord-americano, dove la compagnia di navigazione ha rilevato una persistente domanda per questo tipo di tonnellaggio al fine di provvedere a carichi sperimentali, prodotti forestali ed attrezzature per costruzioni, oltre ai containers. Queste navi rimangono nell'ambito dei traffici in questione, che si sono ampliati fino a comprendere scali nei porti del Mediterraneo nel 1997 e nel sub-continente indiano (Jawaharlal Nehru in India e Port Qasim in Pakistan) nel 1999. Quest'operazione indipendente si è dimostrata assai riuscita sotto molti aspetti e la NSCSA stima di poter ora disporre di una quota di mercato del 55% nei traffici relativi a carichi alla rinfusa tra la Costa orientale U.S.A. ed il Medio Oriente.

Il tonnellaggio ro-ro impiegato nei servizi asiatici della compagnia di navigazione è stato rimpiazzato nel 1997 da un'operazione puramente cellulare per mezzo di accordi relativi a noleggio di spazi-containers con la CMA (Compagnie Maritime d'Affretement), riguardanti i servizi di quest'ultima FAL (French Asia Line) Europa-Estremo Oriente e MEX (Mediterranean Express) Estremo Oriente-Mediterraneo. Oltre alla svolta verso operazioni containerizzate dedicate, atta a rispondere alla mutata natura dei traffici, quest'alleanza strategica con il vettore francese ha consentito alla NSCSA di accedere direttamente al settore Nord Europa/Medio Oriente per la prima volta dalla Guerra del Golfo.

La NSCSA, tuttavia, non si è accontentata meramente della presenza in questi traffici mediante l'acquisizione di spazi-containers sulle navi della CMA (ora CMA CGM The French Line) e ha ordinato tre nuove navi cellulari al fine di diventare un vero e proprio socio con quote di naviglio nel traffico suddetto. E lo è diventata davvero, adesso, dato che le nuove costruzioni stanno progressivamente rimpiazzando le navi della CMA CGM in precedenza impiegate nel FAL, di modo che ora ci sono sei navi della CMA CGM e tre navi della NSCSA che operano nel contesto degli orari Europa-Asia.

La prima nave della serie, la Saudi Jeddah, è stata immessa in servizio a luglio del 1999 mentre la seconda di loro, la Saudi Yanbu, percorre le rotte del FAL sin dallo scorso mese di febbraio.

La consegna delle navi di nuova costruzione ha dato alla NSCSA un maggiore coinvolgimento nel traffico e - di conseguenza - un maggiore controllo delle proprie operazioni. Anche la capacità a disposizione della compagnia è aumentata significativamente dai 300 TEU settimanali all'inizio del 1997 ai più o meno 920 TEU della fine del 1999 e adesso a 1.393 TEU settimanali in seguito all'introduzione della terza nuova nave.

La NSCSA continua a noleggiare spazi-containers nell'ambito del MEX. Tuttavia, si è saputo che sono in corso modifiche all'impegno della NSCSA nel servizio Galex che collega l'Asia al Medio Oriente. I particolari al riguardo, peraltro, non sono ancora disponibili.

Gli scopi strategici dei cambiamenti apportati sono stati in primo luogo intesi a fornire un migliore livello del servizio nei mercati-chiave della NSCSA in Arabia Saudita ed in genere nel Medio Oriente ed al fine di partecipare ai traffici da capolinea a capolinea Asia/Europa.

Il Nord Europa rappresenta la maggiore fonte di importazioni containerizzate nel Medio Oriente e pertanto gli scali diretti a Southampton, Amburgo, Rotterdam, Zeebrugge e Le Havre hanno costituito un'importante integrazione della rete della NSCSA.

Nel contempo, la partecipazione all'alleanza con la CMA CGM e la Norasia Line, che noleggia spazi-containers sulle navi FAL e MEX della CMA, ha consentito alla NSCSA di offrire ai propri clienti collegamenti settimanali tra i porti del Mar Rosso e del Golfo medio-orientale e l'Europa, il Nord-Est, l'Asia orientale, Singapore ed il Sud-Est asiatico, partecipando altresì nel contempo ai traffici dall'Europa all'Asia.

"L'alleanza con la CMA CGM e l'investimento che abbiamo intrapreso ha reso possibile ciò" ha detto il primo dirigente Engr Abdullah A. Al-Shuraim. "Abbiamo assistito ad un incremento dei flussi di carico Europa/Medio Oriente e vogliamo prendere parte a questa attività. Tre anni fa abbiamo cercato quello che potesse essere il socio migliore ed abbiamo ritenuto che questo fosse la CMA. Tale relazione ha dimostrato di essere di grande soddisfazione reciproca".

Accanto al programma di nuove costruzioni di navi, vi è da rilevare il fatto che la NSCSA ha acquisito nuovo equipaggiamento containerizzato. Nel 1999 sono stati consegnati circa 25.000 TEU di contenitori per carichi secchi (un misto di 20 e 40 piedi standard ed unità high cube) che hanno portato il numero complessivo dei containers a quasi 35.000 TEU.

Per l'immediato futuro non sono state programmate ulteriori nuove costruzioni di portacontainers. Tuttavia, Al-Shuraim commenta: "Staremo bene attenti alle richieste a lungo termine del traffico con la CMA CGM e ciò potrebbe indurci infine ad ordinare ulteriore e più grande capacità di portacontainers. La CMA CGM ha appena ordinato una serie di navi dalla capacità di 6.500 TEU, di modo che in qualche momento in là nel tempo potremmo prendere in considerazione l'ipotesi di partecipare più o meno a questi livelli ".

Di pari passo con molti altri vettori, la NSCSA nel 1999 non ha fatto registrare un'annata positiva dal punto di vista finanziario. Le tariffe di trasporto merci hanno stagnato in basso in tutti i traffici, ma specialmente nei settori in direzione est dall'Europa/Medio Oriente/Asia. La compagnia di navigazione ha dovuto anche vedersela con le implicazioni del notevole squilibrio degli equipaggiamenti che ha accompagnato il boom delle esportazioni ed il concomitante crollo delle importazioni asiatiche. Nel corso del 1999, anche la NSCSA ha sperimentato un calo del 50% circa nei propri volumi di carico dal Nordamerica al Medio Oriente, in conseguenza del dollaro forte ed anche le tariffe di nolo sono collassate sino ad un livello molto basso.

Il vero e proprio impatto si vedrà alla fine di quest'anno, quando la compagnia pubblicherà i propri risultati finanziari del 1999. I dati relativi ai primi nove mesi dell'anno mostrano una perdita netta di circa 29 milioni di dollari, mentre la divisione contenitori e carichi generali è andata in rosso per la bellezza di 32 milioni di dollari.

Al-Shuraim, peraltro, è ottimista nel senso che ritiene che il peggio sia alle spalle e che nel 2000 si assisterà a notevoli miglioramenti. Qualche miglioria si è già verificata nelle tariffe di nolo sulle rotte dall'Asia al Medio Oriente ed all'Europa ed anche sulla tratta dall'Europa al Medio Oriente gli esperimenti di ripristino delle tariffe stanno avendo un impatto positivo. Tuttavia, per quanto attiene i servizi nordamericani, le tariffe di nolo restano soggette ad una fortissima pressione.

Quale vettore fortemente impegnato nei traffici medio-orientali, la NSCSA è stata colpita dal crollo mondiale del prezzo del petrolio nel corso di gran parte del 1998-99, che ha depresso la domanda di merci in tutta la regione. Di conseguenza, I trasporti della linea di navigazione in Medio Oriente lo scorso anno sono calati.

Come tutti hanno potuto vedere negli ultimi nove mesi, il prezzo mondiale del petrolio è poi aumentato rapidamente e ciò ha infuso ulteriore ottimismo nella NSCSA. Commenta Al-Shuraim: "Questo dovrebbe alla fine condurre ad un maggiore livello di investimenti governativi ed alla elargizione di finanziamenti per i progetti che erano stati accantonati. Assisteremo alla ripresa di flussi di carichi e sono sicuro che ci sarà un conseguente significativo miglioramento dei traffici containerizzati medio-orientali".

TABELLA 1
PRINCIPALI SERVIZI DI LINEA DELLA NSCSA
TrafficoFrequenza Porti servitiNavi Soci
FAL
Europa/Medio Oriente/Asia
Settimanale Le Havre, Rotterdam, Amburgo, Zeebrugge, Southampton, Malta, Damietta, Jeddah, Khor Fakkan, Singapore, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Ningbo, Yantian, Hong Kong, Singapore, Port Klang, Jeddah 9 da
3.900 /
4.400 TEU
CMA CGM
Norasia
Med Club Express
Mediterraneo/ Sud-Est
Asiatico/Asia
SettimanaleBarcellona, Fos, Genova, Napoli, Damietta, Port Klang, Singapore, Yantian, Hong Kong, Busan, Keelung, Hong Kong, Chiwan, Djakarta, Singapore, Colombo, Damietta, Malta -CMA CGM
Norasia
Nordamerica, Mediterraneo,
Medio Oriente, Sub-continente indiano
10 giorniHouston, New Orleans, Savannah, Wilmington, Norfolk, New York, Halifax, Jeddah, Dubai, Damman, Port Qasim (Karachi), JNPT (Mumbai), Jeddah, Livorno, New York, Baltimora 6 da
1.600 /
2.300 TEU
Nessuno
Fonte: NSCSA

L'incremento del prezzo del petrolio, tuttavia, non è solamente fonte di buone notizie per la NSCSA. Come osserva Al-Shuraim, esso ha comportato costi di bunkeraggio più elevati, che sono più che raddoppiati dalla fine del 1998. "Non tutti i costi possono essere trasferiti e, sebbene noi ed altri vettori si stia spingendo forte, gli aumenti tariffari non riflettono completamente l'aumento dei costi di bunkeraggio".

Jeddah è un porto-chiave per la NSCSA, quale porta d'accesso principale a servizio del proprio mercato "di casa" dell'Arabia Saudita. Importanti cambiamenti sono in atto nel porto ed un secondo terminal contenitori dovrebbe iniziare le operazioni entro pochi mesi. Al-Shuraim accoglie con molto favore l'iniziativa che immetterà nuova concorrenza sul mercato e si aspetta di ricavare vantaggi operativi dai cambiamenti. "Le linee di navigazione saranno in condizione di decidere di quali terminals servirsi sulla base della produttività e dell'efficienza" ha affermato Al-Shuraim.

Negli ultimi anni, la NSCSA ha investito in un proprio piazzale per i servizi containerizzati da 120.000 m2 a Jeddah, che utilizza per depositarvi i contenitori vuoti e quelli dei clienti. Sul sito sono state allestite altresì infrastrutture per la riparazione e la rimessa a nuovo dei containers.

Un altro importante programma di investimento concerne lo sviluppo di sistemi informatici interni che negli ultimi anni sono stati notevolmente migliorati. Tutti gli agenti in Nordamerica, in Europa, nel Sud-Est asiatico e nel Medio Oriente sono connessi per mezzo di reti regionali con centro rispettivamente a Baltimora, Londra, Singapore e Riyad. La NSCSA sta ora lavorando ad un nuovo sistema che renderà possibile accentrare queste reti informatiche regionali in una sola località, l'ufficio principale di Riyad. Ciò consentirà una maggiore disponibilità di informazioni ed una maggiore velocità di accesso.

Per la fine del 2000, tutti gli agenti e gli uffici regionali saranno collegati direttamente ad un computer AS400 a Riyad; verranno utilizzate comunicazioni basate su Internet, dal momento che si è valutato che questa era l'opzione più razionale dal punto di vista dei costi.

La NSCSA sta inoltre sviluppando il proprio sito web (www.nscsa.com) che ha visto la luce alla metà del 2000. Esso fornirà informazioni complete sugli orari e comprenderà altresì la registrazione dei carichi e le strutture di tracking. "L'investimento in queste soluzioni informatiche è l'unico modo con cui possiamo competere con le principali linee di navigazione del mondo" osserva Al-Shuraim.

La NSCSA ha ampi interessi al di là del trasporto marittimo di contenitori, dal momento che possiede complessivamente 16 unità per il trasporto di prodotti chimici e cinque cisterniere VLCC. Essa detiene una partecipazione dell'80% nella National Chemical Carriers che ha siglato un accordo sugli equipaggiamenti con la norvegese Storli, nonché nella Arabian Chemical Carriers, un'associazione commerciale con la United Arab Shipping Company, che possiede una cisterniera con cui effettua servizi.

Due anni fa, la NSCSA ha inoltre costituito un'associazione commerciale per la gestione di navi con la Acomarit, denominata Mideast Ship Management, in cui possiede una partecipazione dell'80%. Per la fine di quest'anno, la società si accollerà la responsabilità della gestione tecnica di tutte e 32 le navi della NSCSA.

Afferma Al-Shuraim: "La Mideast Ship Management sta facendo un eccellente lavoro. Essa ha costituito un'organizzazione gestionale assai efficiente, che collega tutte le navi via Internet e porta avanti un lavoro di agenzia e mediazione marittima".

L'intenzione, adesso, è quella di cercare navi di terzi, concentrandosi specialmente su quelle impegnate nei traffici del Medio Oriente. Ciò potrebbe coinvolgere tutta una gamma di tipi di navi, tra cui il tonnellaggio cellulare e ro-ro.

Sebbene la NSCSA sia il vettore nazionale, la compagnia di navigazione in effetti appartiene solamente per il 29% al governo saudita, che supervisiona le sue operazioni attraverso i propri rappresentanti nel consiglio di amministrazione. Il resto delle azioni è detenuto da soggetti privati.
(da: Containerisation International, giugno 2000)


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Floriana Gallucci is the new secretary general of the Ionian Sea Port Authority.
Taranto
The Management Committee of the institution has approved the appointment
Crew of ferry that sank in Northern Cyprus arrested
Nicosia
Eight people died in the accident. 17 other passengers are missing.
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
Singamas's profit halved in the first half of 2026
Hong Kong
The Chinese company is focusing on energy containers. During the period, sales of specialized containers exceeded those of standard boxes for the first time.
CIMC sells more containers, but profits plummet
Hong Kong
Half-year profit in this business segment fell by -81.2%
In the first half of this year, China
COSCO Shipping Ports reports record quarterly and half-year revenues
Hong Kong
Net income for the first six months of 2026 was $276.6 million (+23.2%)
In the first six months of 2026, CMPort's revenues grew by +13%
Hong Kong
Net profit up 7.4%
Meyer Werft revenues to grow by 107% in 2025
Papenburg
The financial year ended with a net loss of -383.8 million euros
Messina will launch the new West Med Line scheduled service in September
Genoa
It will bring together existing services for Algeria and Libya
The launch of the luxury cruise ship Oceania Sonata was celebrated in Marghera
Trieste
The unit is scheduled for delivery in 2027.
Tarros will include the port of Salerno in its Italy-Libya Express service.
La Spezia
The vessel "Vento di Zefiro" will be placed on the route
MPCC reports declining quarterly results as part of fleet renewal plan
Oslo
Kuehne+Nagel's honorary president has died.
Schindellegi
Klaus-Michael Kühne had joined the family business in 1958
A shipment of 65 kilograms of cocaine was seized in the port of Livorno.
Livorno
It would have brought in around 20 million euros to the criminals
In July, Spanish ports handled 47.7 million tonnes of goods (-1.8%)
Madrid
Containers amounted to 1,581,071 teu (-5.6%)
Join us at the Communion and Liberation Meeting in Rimini
Rome
Participation in the exhibition area of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport
Port of Ravenna: Executive project for redevelopment of the "Ex Carni" area begins
Ravenna
The aim is to give full functionality to a new logistics and industrial sector in the port area
Container traffic in the port of Algeciras decreased by 11.4% in July.
Algeciras
In the first seven months of 2026 the decline was -3.3%
Hupac will strengthen its intermodal service between Basel and Busto Arsizio.
Noise
An eighth weekly rotation will be introduced from September 7th
Sallaum creates a company for land logistics of cars in Europe
Vilnius
It will initially be equipped with 50 car transporters and the fleet will reach 300 vehicles by 2029
In the second quarter, freight traffic in the port of Taranto grew by +6.7%
Taranto
An increase of +104.9% was recorded in July
Viking Holdings Cruise Line Reports Record Quarterly Revenue
Los Angeles
Net profit of $587.7 million (+33.8%)
Container traffic at the Port of Los Angeles dropped 5.8% last month.
Los Angeles
In the first seven months of 2026, growth of +1.8% was recorded
Container traffic at the Port of Long Beach dropped 1.7% in July.
Long Beach
In the first seven months of this year, total traffic was 5,758,086 TEUs (+1.2%)
In the second quarter, RCL recorded an increase in revenues that was outweighed by the increase in operating costs
Bangkok
Net profit down 1.1%
Danish DFDS's quarterly financial performance improves
Copenhagen
In the April-June quarter, rolling stock transported by the fleet increased by 1.1%. Passengers decreased by 8.9%.
Container traffic at HHLA terminals decreased by -8.0% in the second quarter
Hamburg
Revenues increased by 2.5%. Operating costs increased by 5.7%.
The Livorno Port Authority creates an internal task force for the Darsena Europa project.
Livorno
The aim is to ensure a unified coordination with the commissioner structure that follows the project
Costa Cruises announces change of management for the Americas region.
Genoa
Jorge Serrano Martín de Vidales will replace Dario Rustico
MSC installs Jotun's proactive hull cleaning system on MSC Daniela
Sandefjord
Combines advanced antifouling technology with robotic inspection and cleaning
Wan Hai Lines reports a 965.6% increase in quarterly profit
Taipei
The company orders six new 11,000 TEU containerships
In the second quarter, cargo traffic in Montenegrin ports decreased by -5.8%
Podgorica
Cargoes to and from Italy dropped by -40.6%
The Grimaldi Group has taken delivery of the Grande Pacifico
Naples
The vessel is the first of five new sister PCTCs with a capacity of 9,800 ceu
In 2025, the Fratelli Cosulich group's revenues amounted to 1.9 billion euros (-11.5%)
Genoa
Net profit of 20.0 million euros (-3.0%)
Maurizio Longo, Secretary General of Trasportounito, has passed away.
Rome
He passed away in Rome after a long illness.
Terminal Investment Limited abandons Tercat acquisition
Brussels
It provided for joint control of the Barcelona terminal with Hutchison Ports
Work has been completed to activate cold ironing at the Porto Corsini cruise terminal in Ravenna.
Ravenna
Acceleration of the redevelopment process for the former CIVAM area in the port of Vibo Valentia Marina
Vibo Valentia
The area will be transformed into new yards for commercial logistics
Maersk Group sells Maersk Training and Maersk H2S Safety Services
Copenhagen
They will be sold to the US Open Gate Capital, specialized in industrial carve-out operations
In the April-June quarter, the port of Venice handled 6.3 million tons of goods (-1.2%)
Venice
Cruise passengers down by -15.3%
In the second quarter, freight traffic in the port of Ravenna recorded a sharp increase of +10.9%
Ravenna
In the first six months of 2026 the increase was +5.9%
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
The conference "EU-Mercosur Agreement: The Role of the Maritime Economy" will be held in Genoa on July 1st.
Genoa
It is organized by the Casa America ETS Foundation and the Western Liguria Port Authority
The Federagenti assembly will be held in Civitavecchia on July 3rd.
Rome
Pessina: We will not discuss regulations, community relations, or the pursuit of theories and bureaucracy, but rather the challenges of Italian port infrastructure.
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Rosatom expects cargo traffic along Northern Sea Route to rise 14% in 2026 - CEO
(Interfax)
HD Hyundai Heavy Industries Ends Joint Venture Plan for Block Factory with India's Cochin Shipyard
(Maeil Business Newspaper)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
DP World acquires six GXO logistics sites in the UK
Dubai
186,000 square meters and 2,000 employees change hands: this is the transfer imposed by the British Antitrust for the acquisition of Wincanton
DHL soars in the second quarter, but not everywhere
Bonn
Revenue and EBIT in double digits. Express performed well, while Supply Chain and Post & Parcel Germany fared less well.
Global Ship Lease reports record quarterly and half-year revenues
Athens
Rising costs impact profits
DP World to build temperature-controlled logistics hub in the port of Antwerp
Dubai/Kallo
GNV will activate a third maritime service to Algeria on Saturday
Genoa
The Civitavecchia-Annaba line will complement the existing routes from Sète to Algiers and Bejaia.
Danaos Corporation reports quarterly revenue growth of 4.7%.
Athens
The containership segment remains stable. Bulk carriers continue to contribute.
A bulk carrier hit by a shell in the Strait of Hormuz
Southampton/London
One crew member is reportedly missing.
This year, 800,000 cruise passengers are expected in Messina.
Messina
Passengers make a direct expenditure of almost 16 million euros in the city
Container traffic at the Port of New York grew by 1.6% in the second quarter
New York
In the first six months of 2026, 4.43 million TEUs were handled (+0.2%)
HZ Cargo and Railtrans form joint venture for intermodal transport
Zagreb
The aim is to activate a traffic of over 500 thousand tons between the ports of Croatia and the markets of Central Europe.
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