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26 April 2024 - Year XXVIII
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XX - Number 5/2002 - MAY 2002

Industria

Cresce la flotta dei reefers integrali

Il conteggio globale dei contenitori reefers integrali ha fatto segnare un altro sostenuto incremento nell'annata che va sino alla metà del 2001. Questo dato è confermato da Containerisation International, che ha da poco elaborato le proprie ultime statistiche annuali relative alla flotta containerizzata, che sono state pubblicate nel Censimento mondiale dei contenitori 2002 della rivista medesima.

Quello dei reefers è stato altresì il settore che ha ottenuto la maggiore espansione di questo periodo. Le scorte di TEU reefer sono aumentate complessivamente di più del 9% nell'annata sino alla metà del 2001, mentre la flotta degli integrali è cresciuta del 10%. Al confronto, si constata come il conteggio a livello mondiale dei box complessivi sia aumentato del 6,5%, con il settore maggiormente importante, quello delle unità per carichi secchi, in salita del 6% appena.

L'ultima espansione ha spinto la flotta mondiale complessiva dei reefer in prossimità del milione di TEU. Ciò, sebbene rappresenti ancora solamente il 6% delle scorte di oltre 15 milioni di TEU operanti alla metà del 2001, ha contribuito ad una quota alquanto maggiore (vicina al 30%) se misurata col metro del costo di sostituzione. I box reefer da questo punto di vista presentano ancora notevoli differenze rispetto alle loro controparti delle unità per carichi secchi, dato che l'equipaggiamento integrale costa da otto a dieci volte di più rispetto all'importo pagato per un container standard delle stesse dimensioni. La maggior parte di tutti i TEU reefer, inoltre, appartiene (ovvero è noleggiato) a vettori marittimi, ed un terzo di essi è sotto noleggio operativo.

Il settore degli integrali si è dimostrato negli ultimi anni il settore di maggior successo, sebbene la domanda aggiuntiva non sia stata alimentata solamente dall'espansione delle esportazioni globali di prodotti refrigerati. Ciò continua a corroborare buona parte della crescita su base annua fatta registrare negli ultimi anni, ma anche i cambiamenti strutturali e delle capacità dell'ampio settore del trasporto refrigerato hanno svolto la loro parte al riguardo. Si è verificato un graduale abbandono dell'uso delle portacontainers reefers convenzionali e palletizzate per il trasporto di gran parte della produzione mondiale stagionale di esportazione (dalle mele ai limoni) a favore principalmente dei containers integrali.

Questa conversione si è accentuata negli ultimi anni, dato che un numero crescente di vecchie navi reefers ha raggiunto la fine della propria vita operativa senza essere rimpiazzate. Al contrario, ulteriori attività di trasporto refrigerato a lungo raggio sono sempre più preda dei maggiori operatori di portacontainers, guidati dalla Maersk Sealand e dalla PONL (P&O Nedlloyd), che hanno installato un quantitativo notevole di capacità di trasporto refrigerato in più nelle loro nuove navi portacontenitori. Si riconosce generalmente che il trasferimento in corso dei traffici dalle navi reefer a quelle containerizzate potrebbe rappresentare qualcosa come la metà della crescita annua recente dei traffici di box reefer e - di conseguenza - della domanda di equipaggiamento in più. Solamente questo spiega perché la flotta di reefer sia cresciuta più rapidamente nel 2000-2001 rispetto a quella della sua controparte preponderante per carichi secchi.

Inoltre, i principali operatori containerizzati (tra cui PONL, Hamburg Sud e CMA CGM) stanno programmando la dismissione delle proprie flotte di navi reefer obsolete a "soffio d'aria", che trasportano la carne containerizzata ed altri prodotti surgelati sulle direttrici di traffico-chiave nord-sud. Si tratta di unità la cui rottamazione è programmata negli anni immediatamente a venire e che renderanno obsoleta gran parte della restante flotta mondiale di contenitori isolati da 20 piedi "ad oblò". Quasi nessuno di loro è stato costruito dopo i primi anni '90 e, com'è confermato dalle ultime statistiche sulla flotta elaborate da Containerisation International, la flotta mondiale degli "oblò" è da tempo in fase di declino terminale. Essa è infatti calata di un altro 5% nell'annata che va sino alla metà del 2001 a 44.000 TEU, al di sotto della metà della sua consistenza originale. Questa, adesso, rappresenta meno del 5% di tutti i TEU di box reefer.

Le unità "oblò" che vanno sparendo dovrebbero altresì essere rimpiazzate da nuovo equipaggiamento integrale. La PONL mostra chiaramente i segnali di questo cambiamento, avendo commissionato un'ordinazione per 14.000 box integrali alla fine del 2001. Questa acquisizione, oltre ad essere una delle più grosse mai effettuate per questo tipo di unità, garantisce la costante espansione nel 2002 ed oltre della flotta mondiale di TEU integrali. Le ultime previsioni di Containerisation International suggeriscono che queste scorte potranno aumentare di almeno un altro 30% nei quattro anni a venire, sino alla metà del 2005.

L'equipaggiamento integrale già costituisce oltre il 95% dei TEU relativi a contenitori reefer e rappresenta tutto quanto il nuovo investimento. Inoltre, la domanda è divenuta anche più "semplificata" negli ultimi anni, dato che i proprietari si sono dati all'acquisto quasi esclusivo di containers high cube da 40 piedi. Al contrario del settore degli standard per carichi secchi, laddove notevoli quantitativi di containers da 20 e 40 piedi (8 piedi e 6 pollici) vengono ancora acquisiti anno per anno, l'approvvigionamento di reefer integrali costruiti con queste dimensioni è diminuito assai notevolmente. Oggi, non vi è praticamente alcuna acquisizione di unità del tipo da 40 piedi (8 piedi e 6 pollici), mentre i reefers da 20 piedi ora rappresentano meno del 15% di tutti gli investimenti annuali. Tutto il resto si riferisce a 40 piedi high cube.

Quest'ultimo tipo già domina la flotta dei reefers integrali e guadagna sempre più terreno ogni anno che passa. Al contrario, la somma dei reefers da 40 piedi (8 piedi e 6 pollici) è adesso in rapido declino, mentre la flotta dei 20 piedi è divenuta per lo più stagnante. Le ultime previsioni sulla flotta di Containerisation International indicano che solamente un piccolo residuo di containers da 40 piedi (8 piedi e 6 pollici) resteranno nella flotta reefer della 2005, unitamente ad un quantitativo di 20 piedi leggermente minore rispetto a quello odierno. Per allora, la flotta degli high cube da 40 piedi costituirà oltre l'80% delle scorte di TEU.

L'attrattiva dei reefer high cube da 40 piedi è per lo più di natura economica. Il costo di produzione di un box integrale di queste dimensioni è adesso veramente meno caro di quello corrispondente ad una unità da 40 piedi (8 piedi e 6 pollici), mentre il costo di movimentazione è sempre più prossimo a quello di un 20 piedi. La relativa assenza di una vera e propria differenza nei prezzi riflette il fatto che i costi dei macchinari sono ora praticamente gli stessi per tutte e tre le dimensioni, mentre l'intero processo produttivo dei reefer è aumentato proporzionalmente negli ultimi anni ed è stato ricollocato in Cina. Sebbene un container high cube da 40 piedi richieda più materiale e maggiori tempi di costruzione, tutto ciò è stato sempre più compensato dalla sua maggiore produzione.

Lo high-cube da 40 piedi è inoltre divenuto popolare tra gli esportatori. Come accade per il settore delle unità per carichi secchi, i caricatori di merci deperibili sono notevolmente attirati dalla cubatura in più a disposizione. La linea di tendenza per il prodotto reefer verso una caricazione sotto forma di imballaggio ridotto per la vendita diretta presso i punti al dettaglio ha ulteriormente accelerato la domanda. La praticamente nulla differenza di prezzo rispetto ai box reefer di taglia minore ha chiuso la questione per molti utenti finali e ha reso sempre più marginale l'utilizzazione di box di dimensioni minori. Tuttavia, l'equipaggiamento integrale da 20 piedi viene ancora impiegato su certi traffici, normalmente per il trasporto di derrate pesanti e surgelate, mentre la suddetta dismissione di box isolati da 20 piedi potrebbe conservare un qual certo livello di domanda futura.
(da: Containerisation International, aprile 2002)


FROM THE HOME PAGE
Port Marghera, okay to renewal of concession at Terminal Intermodal Venice
Venice
It will expire in 2050. Approved the 2023 budget of the AdSP of the Northern Adriatic
In the first quarter of 2024 container traffic in the port terminals of China's CMPort grew by 9.0%
Hong Kong
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Miami
Historic record of passengers embarked. Spike in economic performance for the period. Liberty : The one in progress is the best wave season in history
In the third quarter of 2023 the traffic in goods in EU ports decreased by -6.5%
Luxembourg
The loads at landing and boarding dropped by -7.2% and -5.4%, respectively.
The performance of Bureau Veritas in the shipping and offshore sector is growing.
Paris
Record of order book and fleet value in class
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the AdSP of the Northern Tirreno Sea
Livorno
Le Aziende informano
ABB fornirà la sua soluzione per il Cold - Ironing nel Porto Internazionale di Portsmouth
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
Oslo
The proposal, worth about 653 million euros, was accepted by the Board of the Norwegian company and its main shareholders.
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the varo of the Norwegian cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the launch of the cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
Trieste / Miami
It is 322 meters long and has a gross tonnage of 156,300 tons
Paolo Guidi has been named general manager of CMA CGM Italy
Marseille
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
Hamburg
Its network connects ports in Hamburg, Antwerp, Bremerhaven, Koper, Rotterdam and Trieste.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Schindellegi
In growth the handling of volumes of sea and air shipments
ESPO points out issues to be addressed in order to enable European ports to face the next challenges
Brussels
Memorandum in view of the European elections in June
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
Barcelona
As of March 2024, 348mila teu (+ 34.3%) were handled, of which 154mila in transshipment (+ 63.9%) and 194mila in import-export (+ 17.4%)
Fincantieri has delivered the new cruise ship Queen Anne to Cunard
Monfalcone
Concordate with Princess Cruises the postponement of the delivery of the Star Princess
Le Aziende informano
Protocollo d'intesa tra l'Autorità di Sistema Portuale del Mare di Sicilia Occidentale e l'Escola Europea di Intermodal Transport
International shipping associations call for help at U.N. to protect shipping
London
Solicited a greater military presence, missions and patrols. The world-they write in a letter to Guterres-would be outraged if four airliners were seized.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
The Cairo
Net tonnage of the naviglio down -59.8% percent. Drastic reduction of -53% of the value of transit fees
The World Shipping Council points to the EU the way to support the economy and trade
Brussels
Butler : We urge the Union to work together with us to safeguard a sustainable, competitive and safe maritime sector
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
Brønnøysund / Gursken
Order of Torghatten company at the shipyard Myklebust
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent.  Increase of containers
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent. Increase of containers
Rotterdam
Strong increase (+ 29.0%) of feeder ships departing from the Dutch stopover to the Mediterranean ports
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
St. Petersburg
Drastic reduction of passenger traffic in the Crimean port scans
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
Tytgat (SEA Europe) : A European maritime industrial strategy is urgently needed
Brussels
Round table with representatives of the institutions of the European Union
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Washington / Brussels/London / Singapore
He will retire at the end of July in Butler when the latter is retiring.
In the first quarter of this year the traffic of goods in the port of Antwerp-Zeebrugge grew by 2.4%
In the first quarter of this year the traffic of goods in the port of Antwerp-Zeebrugge grew by 2.4%
Anverse
On the increase the containers. Decrease in other loads. Belgian, Dutch and German ports urge European governments to ensure that industries remain in Europe
Partnership of HD Hyundai Heavy Industries and Anduril Industries in the Field of Maritime Defense
Orange County / Seoul
Envisage the design, development and production of new types of autonomous naval systems
d' Friend International Shipping orders two new tankers LR1
Luxembourg
Commits to China's shipyard Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co.
Global Infrastructure Partners waives to acquire 49% percent of Malaysian MMC Port Holdings
New York
CMA CGM Air Cargo announces its first transpacific line
Marseille
Three aircraft will be taken over between summer and early next year.
In 2023 new annual historical record of maritime traffic in the Stories of Malacca and Singapore
In 2023 new annual historical record of maritime traffic in the Stories of Malacca and Singapore
Port Klang
The previous maximum peak had been reached in 2018
HMM announces the nearly doubling of fleet capacity by 2030
Seoul
Expected 63% increments of the volumes transportable from container carriers and 95% in the bulk carrier sector
In the first quarter of 2024, the Port of Singapore handled ten million containers (+ 10.7%)
In the first quarter of 2024, the Port of Singapore handled ten million containers (+ 10.7%)
Singapore
The overall traffic in goods increased by 7.6%
Iran has given way to the attack on Israel with the seizure of the container ship. MSC Aries
London / Manila
A team from the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps landed by a helicopter seized the ship.
The construction of the new Venetian container terminal in Porto Marghera is being carried out.
The construction of the new Venetian container terminal in Porto Marghera is being carried out.
Venice
It will be able to accommodate Panamax vessels and will have an annual traffic capacity of one million teu
The French Senate has approved a bill to limit the right to strike in transport
The French Senate has approved a bill to limit the right to strike in transport
Sustained quarterly growth of new orders acquired by Wärtsilä
Helsinki
In the first three months of this year, the group's revenues fell by -9.8% percent.
DIS orders two more new tankers LR1
Luxamburgo
New commits at the Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co.
An MSC container ship targeted with missiles and drones in the Gulf of Aden
San'a ' /Portsmouth
No damage to the ship and crew
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the Central Adriatic AdSP
Ancona
In the first quarter of 2024 the orders of port means produced by Konecranes fell by -51.6%
Hyvinkää
Grimaldi has taken delivery of the multipurpose ro-ro Great Abidjan
Naples
It is the fourth of six class ships "G5"
Baltimore attributes to owner and operator of the ship Dali the blame for the collapse of the Key Bridge
Baltimore
They would have been established dysfunction to the power supply on board that would cause a blackout
Grimaldi and IMAT have renewed the five-year agreement for the training of crews
Castel Volturno
Focus on new technologies installed on board ships
The quarterly economic performance of DSV is still declining
Hedehusene
In the first quarter of this year, the value of net profit decreased by -27.2%
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the AdSP of the Sardinia Sea
Cagliari
An administration surplus of 530 million euros, of which more than 475 tied for works in progress
US imports of dangerous goods have been penalized during the pandemic.
Washington
Survey by the Government Accountability Office
In 2023 CEPIM-Parma's Interport recorded a growth of 6.8% of the value of production
Bianconese of Fontevivo
Net profit di788mila euro (+ 223.2%)
In the first quarter of 2024, UPS Group revenues fell by -5.3%
Atlanta
Net profit down -41.3%
Grendi has perfected the purchase of the ship Wedellsborg
Milan
It will be renamed with the name of "Grenching Futura"
Grimaldi consolidates its presence in China with new headquarters in Shanghai
Naples / Shanghai
Inaugurates the offices of the Grimaldi Shipping Agency Shanghai
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the Western Ligure Sea AdSP
Genoa
The new endowment of the institution's organic plant provides for 50 hires, including three managerial positions
First plant for the distribution of LNG and GNC to vehicles in the port of La Spezia
The Spezia
It has been installed in Stagnoni locations
Agreement between MSC, MSC Foundation and Mercy Ships for the construction of a new hospital ship
Geneva / Lindale
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
Agreement Assshipowners-ITS Academy G. Caboto for training in the maritime, port and logistics sectors
Rome
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
In the first quarter of 2024, the port of Algeciras handled 1.2 million containers (+ 8.1%)
Algeciras
The traffic in overall goods increased by 3.3%
In the first three months of this year in Valencia, container port traffic grew by 12.1% percent.
Valencia
In March, the increase was 15.7% percent.
The Spezia and Carrara try to break down the bell towers and solicit cooperation at the ports of Genoa and Savona
The Spezia
Switzerland and Switzerland cut trade between Italy and Switzerland.
Bern
In the first three months of the 2024 decline in Swiss exports. Stable imports
Port of Naples, striking of the fast ferry Island of Procida against a quay
Naples
About thirty minor injuries among passengers
Summoned for April 23 a meeting at MIT on former TCT port workers
Taranto
The unions had requested clarification on the future of the 330 members of the Taranto Port Workers Agency.
The outer Levant dock of the Arbatax port has returned fully operational
Cagliari
In August 2020 he had been shouted by the ferry "Bithia"
The Port of Los Angeles closed the first quarter with a 29.6% percent growth in container traffic
Los Angeles
Expected a continuation of the positive trend
Stable the value of ABB's revenues in the first quarter
Zurich
The new orders are down -5.0% percent. At the end of July Rosengren will leave the CEO position in Wierod
The crisis of the Cooperative Sole Workers of Porto Flavio Gioia officialized at institutions and trade unions
Salerno
USB Mare and Porti, what's going on in the port of Salerno is the result of pressure from shipowners
Euronav sells its own ship management company to Anglo-Eastern
Antwerp / Hong Kong
Manages the fleet of tanker ships of the Antwerp company
Genoa Shipbuilding Industries has acquired a submersible barge of the cargo capacity of 14,000 tonnes
Genoa
It can also be employed as a floating basin for the varo of artifacts up to 9,800 tons
Venice Cold Stores & Logistics obtains the qualification of tax warehouse for wines and sparkling
Venice
Extension of the services offered to companies in the wine sector
Gasparate urges to exempt property of interports from payment of the Imu
Nola
President of the Union Interports Reunited warned that with the PNRR construction sites the railway intermodality is at risk
Hapag-Lloyd plans future investments to expand business in the terminal and intermode sectors
Hamburg
Among the markets, the company focuses attention on Africa, India, Southeast Asia and the Pacific
Set up a consortium to decarbonize transport on the northern Pacific route
Vancouver
It is formed by nine companies and entities and is open to other partners
In the first quarter of this year, container traffic in the port of Long Beach increased by 16.4%
Long Beach
In March, the increase was 8.3% percent.
Delivery of the work of consolidation of the foranea dam of the port of Catania
Catania
Procurement of the value of 75 million euros
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
On April 11, the sixth edition of the "Italian Port Days" will begin.
Rome
Also this year the project has been divided into two sessions : the first in the spring and the second from September 20 to October 20
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Iran says MSC Aries vessel seized for 'violating maritime laws'
(Reuters)
Le transport maritime national navigue à vue
(Aujourd'hui Le Maroc)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Relazione del presidente Mario Mattioli
Roma, 27 ottobre 2023
››› File
Plan to improve in Genoa and Savona the rail links with cruise terminals and airport
Genoa
It was presented today in the Ligurian capital
From 10 to May 12 at Spezia will be held "DePortibus-The festival of ports that connect the world"
The Spezia
The programme provides for technical events and cultural proposals
Three new STS cranes have arrived in the Kenyan port of Lamu.
Mombasa
They will be able to work on container ships of the capacity of over 18mila teu
One hundred new IVECO trucks powered by HVO in the Smet fleet
Turin
They will be taken over in the course of this year
In the first three months of this year, goods transported by rail between China and Europe increased by 10% percent.
Beijing
Operated 4,541 trains (+ 9%)
In the first quarter of 2024, container traffic in the port of Hong Kong fell by -2.3%
Hong Kong
In March, the decline was -10.6% percent.
The regasification terminal FSRU Toscana left Livorno direct to Genoa
Livorno
In the Ligurian scalp and then in Marseille maintenance interventions will be carried out
Confirmed to Tugchiers Meeting Port of Genoa the granting of trailer services in the port of Genoa
Genoa
Planned investment of 35 million euros to renovate fleet
In the first quarter of 2024, OOIL revenues decreased by -9.0%
Hong Kong
Containers carried by the OOCL fleet increased by 3.4%
Mattioli (Federation of the Sea) relaunches the propulsive role of maritime clusters
Rome
Today, the National Sea Day and the marinara culture are celebrated
In the first quarter of 2024, the revenues of Yang Ming and WHL grew by 18.5% and 8.1%
Keelung / Taipei
In March the increments were equal to 20.3% and 8.6%
In 2023 the freight traffic handled by the State Railways Group fell by -2.0%
Rome
The Logistics Pole posted a net loss of -80 million euros, up 63 million euros.
Port of Genoa, inaugurated new rooms of Stella Maris at Maritime stations
Genoa
They are intended for the welfare and socialization of seafarers in transit in the Superba
Germany's Dachser has acquired the compatriate Brummer Logistik
Kempten
The company specializes in the logistics of perishable products
In the first quarter of 2024, Evergreen's revenues increased by 32.6% percent.
Taipei
In March, the increase was 36.5% percent.
Cooperation pact between the associations of the ports and ferry companies of Greece
The Piraeus
Among the activities, make sure that port benches are adequate for new naval technologies
In 2023 the traffic in goods at ports in Lazio fell by -5.7% percent. Record of cruises
Cyvitavecchia
Passenger of line services growing by 10.0%
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