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26 April 2024 - Year XXVIII
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXI - Number 10/2003 - OCTOBER 2003

Trasporto ferroviario

Il futuro della Transiberiana

La Ferrovia Transiberiana, che rappresenta senza dubbio uno dei maggiori trionfi dell'ingegneria umana, in questo momento occupa un posto centrale nella psiche della Russia moderna. L'Unione Sovietica era stata costruita per mezzo degli ingenti quantitativi di materiali e carichi trasportati lungo la padella piatta della steppa siberiana. La Transiberiana viene ora considerata come un mezzo per porre la Russia al centro di un sistema globale di trasporto containerizzato.

Essa viene pubblicizzata come un'alternativa concorrenziale alla rotta marittima dall'Asia all'Europa via canale di Suez, sebbene i critici sostengano che essa è sempre stata promossa come tale, con poco successo in apparenza. Ciononostante, sembra che adesso vengano trasportati volumi sempre maggiori di containers.

L'operatore ferroviario finlandese VR Cargo ha movimentato 52.000 TEU di attività transiberiana nel 2002, mentre nei primi cinque mesi di quest'anno ne ha trasportati 33.000 TEU e si aspetta di raggiungere gli 80.000 TEU entro la fine dell'anno. Allo stesso modo, la TSES (Trans Siberian Express Service), con sede a Mosca, che movimenta la maggior parte del traffico transiberiano della Maersk Sealand, lo scorso anno ha fatto registrare poco più di 45.000 TEU, e si aspetta di toccare i 60.000 TEU quest'anno.

Gli incrementi sono dovuti ad una varietà di ragioni, e non solo all'attrattiva esercitata da questo collegamento. La guerra in Iraq ha certamente svolto un ruolo in tutto ciò, dal momento che i caricatori sono stati recalcitranti ad accettare i sovrapprezzi legati ai rischi di guerra nonché la possibile interruzione delle catene delle forniture, secondo la linea di navigazione russa FESCO (Far Eastern Shipping Company). Essa nel primo trimestre dell'anno ha visto balzare in alto del 175%, rispetto allo stesso periodo del 2002, i volumi provenienti dai porti asiatici e diretti alle infrastrutture containerizzate del Pacifico russo, fino a raggiungere i 18.320 TEU.

Tre treni-blocco al giorno partono dall'importante porto containerizzato di Vostochny, nel lontano est russo, ed il ministero russo delle ferrovie ha in programma di aggiungerne un quarto. Il vice ministro delle ferrovie Khaysan Zyabirov ha altresì annunciato che il ministero ha in programma il riequipaggiamento di 2.000 carri-pianale multiruolo destinati al puro trasporto di contenitori. Allo stesso tempo, l'operatore intermodale europeo ICF (Intercontainer-Interfrigo) ha recentemente dato inizio ad una serie di spedizioni di prova di pneumatici d'auto alla volta di Duisburg.

Senza dubbio, gli operatori ferroviari sono entusiasti del potenziale della Transiberiana, e tutti quanti additano la crescita dei volumi quale prova del fatto che essi stanno convincendo sempre più i clienti. Timo Mantylia, dirigente addetto al prodotto della VR Cargo, spiega: "L'atteggiamento dei caricatori e degli spedizionieri è assai positivo, specialmente ora con i caricatori finlandesi. Anche la Cina è in crescita, solo i giapponesi esitano ad incrementare i propri volumi. I tempi di viaggio sono il vantaggio principale - 17 giorni da Busan alla Finlandia, e 20 giorni da Shanghai - ed i tempi di viaggio in Russia sono molto affidabili".

Si concorda generalmente sul fatto che i tempi di viaggio siano affidabili. Tuttavia, il rappresentante di un vettore marittimo a Mosca ha identificato un ostacolo nello sviluppo del traffico ferroviario transiberiano, diverso da quello delle normali preoccupazioni circa la sicurezza dei carichi: "Il grande problema con la Transiberiana non è correlato alla tratta ferroviaria, bensì al costo del servizio di raccordo da Vostochmy a Busan. La Fesco pratica la tariffa di 670 dollari USA per contenitore da 20 piedi. Al momento, il costo di un 20 piedi da San Pietroburgo al Giappone che viaggia sempre per mare è di 740 dollari USA. Di modo che, ci sono solamente meno di 70 dollari di differenza tra il costo di trasbordo a Busan ed il feeder da lì al Giappone". Attualmente, l'80% del traffico di transito in direzione ovest sulla Transiberiana ha origine in Corea del Sud, mentre il 15% viene dalla Cina ed un semplice 5% dal Giappone.

Vi è un notevole squilibrio di traffico sulla Transiberiana, a dispetto dell'entusiasmo dei caricatori finlandesi. Il direttore della VICS (Vostochny International Container Services), Michael Frydrych, ha dichiarato che il 20% dei loro risultati annui è costituito da vuoti in direzione est. Nel 2002, la VICS ha movimentato complessivamente 133.804 TEU, con un incremento del 48% rispetto al 2001, e si aspetta di raggiungere i 150.000 TEU quest'anno.

Tuttavia, la grande maggioranza di esportazioni russe è costituita da carichi alla rinfusa, e, tra quelli che cono containerizzati, Vostochny ne movimenta solo il 10%., il che la pone alla mercé dei traffici di transito. In effetti, l'80% dei suoi box sono destinati alla Transiberiana. Frydrych commenta: "I livelli di servizio degli operatori ferroviari sono molto più elevati al momento, ma se essi fossero stati più flessibili e competitivi, si sarebbe riusciti ad attirare un numero maggiore di clienti". Tuttavia, egli ha aggiunto che un recente marginale incremento delle tariffe ferroviarie non ha avuto effetti sui volumi.

Ciononostante, esistono preoccupazioni sul fatto che i prezzi potrebbero salire notevolmente nei prossimi anni in seguito all'approvazione del programma di riforma ferroviaria da parte del governo russo - una delle grandi saghe di privatizzazione dell'era moderna - che è attualmente in fase di elaborazione. L'intenzione è quella di privatizzare il materiale rotabile e di creare la RRC (Società Ferrovie Russe) allo scopo di controllare l'infrastruttura. Nelle more, sembra che la RRC sia destinata ad esercitare il controllo su tutto quanto sino a quando non saranno state costituite le società ferroviarie regionali.

Oltre al mastodontico compito consistente nello smantellamento del gigantesco Ministero delle Ferrovie - non esiste neanche un registro completo dei suoi beni - la realizzazione di un monopolio privatizzato potrebbe far sì che gli operatori privati siano assoggettati ad una notevole pressione. Un recente rapporto della KPMG stima che entro il 2006 il 50% delle merci russe possa essere trasportato da operatori privati, ma che la maggiore concorrenza non comporterà necessariamente un calo dei prezzi.

Una nuova lista dei prezzi pubblicata dal Ministero delle Ferrovie distingue il costo delle infrastrutture da quello del trasporto, ed i dirigenti affermano che quest'ultimo rappresenterà solamente il 15% del costo complessivo. La KPMG, peraltro, ha concluso che esso potrebbe arrivare al 35%, lasciando agli operatori la scelta di trasportare merci in perdita ovvero a prezzi maggiori.

Tuttavia, vi è ancora molta strada da fare, e la Camera russa di Revisione dei Conti ha fatto recentemente irruzione nel dibattito dopo aver pubblicato un rapporto in cui si criticava aspramente i piani del Ministero delle Ferrovie. Nulla di tutto ciò ha fermato quello che potrebbe costituire uno dei più ambiziosi progetti ferroviari di sempre: il programmato collegamento che, passando attraverso la Corea del Nord, connetterà direttamente la Transiberiana con Busan.

A dispetto dei persistenti intrighi politici, le due Coree a giugno si sono formalmente accordati nel senso di collegare le proprie reti ferroviarie attraverso la zona smilitarizzata che separa i loro confini. Se il progetto da 3,3 miliardi di dollari dovesse giungere a completamento, le tratta di raccordo da Busan diverrebbe superflua. Ciò potrebbe significare un calo del costo del trasporto, dal momento che la Transiberiana diverrebbe in grado di competere per conto proprio. Allo stesso tempo, la durata del viaggio da Busan all'Europa Occidentale si ridurrebbe da 14 a 12 giorni. Non vi è ancora un orario ben definito, ma la ferrovia Transiberiana potrebbe davvero diventare nota come la Ferrovia Transiberiana Transcoreana.
(da: Containerisation International, settembre 2003)




FROM THE HOME PAGE
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Miami
Historic record of passengers embarked. Spike in economic performance for the period. Liberty : The one in progress is the best wave season in history
In the third quarter of 2023 the traffic in goods in EU ports decreased by -6.5%
Luxembourg
The loads at landing and boarding dropped by -7.2% and -5.4%, respectively.
The performance of Bureau Veritas in the shipping and offshore sector is growing.
Paris
Record of order book and fleet value in class
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the AdSP of the Northern Tirreno Sea
Livorno
Last year the number of port workers in Livorno and Piombino decreased by 46 units by falling to 1,767, of which 1,499 were operating (1,632 in 2022) and 268 administrative (181)
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
Oslo
The proposal, worth about 653 million euros, was accepted by the Board of the Norwegian company and its main shareholders.
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the varo of the Norwegian cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the launch of the cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
Trieste / Miami
It is 322 meters long and has a gross tonnage of 156,300 tons
Paolo Guidi has been named general manager of CMA CGM Italy
Paolo Guidi has been named general manager of CMA CGM Italy
Marseille
The first May will take over in Romain Vigneaux
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
Hamburg
Its network connects ports in Hamburg, Antwerp, Bremerhaven, Koper, Rotterdam and Trieste.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Schindellegi
In growth the handling of volumes of sea and air shipments
ESPO points out issues to be addressed in order to enable European ports to face the next challenges
Brussels
Memorandum in view of the European elections in June
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
Barcelona
As of March 2024, 348mila teu (+ 34.3%) were handled, of which 154mila in transshipment (+ 63.9%) and 194mila in import-export (+ 17.4%)
Fincantieri has delivered the new cruise ship Queen Anne to Cunard
Monfalcone
Concordate with Princess Cruises the postponement of the delivery of the Star Princess
Le Aziende informano
Protocollo d'intesa tra l'Autorità di Sistema Portuale del Mare di Sicilia Occidentale e l'Escola Europea di Intermodal Transport
International shipping associations call for help at U.N. to protect shipping
London
Solicited a greater military presence, missions and patrols. The world-they write in a letter to Guterres-would be outraged if four airliners were seized.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
The Cairo
Net tonnage of the naviglio down -59.8% percent. Drastic reduction of -53% of the value of transit fees
The World Shipping Council points to the EU the way to support the economy and trade
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
Brønnøysund / Gursken
Order of Torghatten company at the shipyard Myklebust
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent.  Increase of containers
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent. Increase of containers
Rotterdam
Strong increase (+ 29.0%) of feeder ships departing from the Dutch stopover to the Mediterranean ports
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
St. Petersburg
Drastic reduction of passenger traffic in the Crimean port scans
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
Tytgat (SEA Europe) : A European maritime industrial strategy is urgently needed
Brussels
Round table with representatives of the institutions of the European Union
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Washington / Brussels/London / Singapore
He will retire at the end of July in Butler when the latter is retiring.
In the first quarter of this year the traffic of goods in the port of Antwerp-Zeebrugge grew by 2.4%
In the first quarter of this year the traffic of goods in the port of Antwerp-Zeebrugge grew by 2.4%
Anverse
On the increase the containers. Decrease in other loads. Belgian, Dutch and German ports urge European governments to ensure that industries remain in Europe
Partnership of HD Hyundai Heavy Industries and Anduril Industries in the Field of Maritime Defense
Orange County / Seoul
Envisage the design, development and production of new types of autonomous naval systems
d' Friend International Shipping orders two new tankers LR1
Luxembourg
Commits to China's shipyard Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co.
Global Infrastructure Partners waives to acquire 49% percent of Malaysian MMC Port Holdings
New York
CMA CGM Air Cargo announces its first transpacific line
Marseille
Three aircraft will be taken over between summer and early next year.
In 2023 new annual historical record of maritime traffic in the Stories of Malacca and Singapore
In 2023 new annual historical record of maritime traffic in the Stories of Malacca and Singapore
Port Klang
The previous maximum peak had been reached in 2018
HMM announces the nearly doubling of fleet capacity by 2030
Seoul
Expected 63% increments of the volumes transportable from container carriers and 95% in the bulk carrier sector
In the first quarter of 2024, the Port of Singapore handled ten million containers (+ 10.7%)
In the first quarter of 2024, the Port of Singapore handled ten million containers (+ 10.7%)
Singapore
The overall traffic in goods increased by 7.6%
Iran has given way to the attack on Israel with the seizure of the container ship. MSC Aries
London / Manila
Le Aziende informano
ABB fornirà la sua soluzione per il Cold - Ironing nel Porto Internazionale di Portsmouth
The construction of the new Venetian container terminal in Porto Marghera is being carried out.
The construction of the new Venetian container terminal in Porto Marghera is being carried out.
Venice
It will be able to accommodate Panamax vessels and will have an annual traffic capacity of one million teu
The French Senate has approved a bill to limit the right to strike in transport
The French Senate has approved a bill to limit the right to strike in transport
Last year container traffic in Malta decreased by -11.4%
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The Valletta
Crucierists in growth of 59.1%
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the Central Adriatic AdSP
Ancona
Okay to the technical-functional adjustment for the elongation of the quay "ex ferrous materials" of the Fincantieri plant in Ancona
In the first quarter of 2024 the orders of port means produced by Konecranes fell by -51.6%
Hyvinkää
Grimaldi has taken delivery of the multipurpose ro-ro Great Abidjan
Naples
It is the fourth of six class ships "G5"
Baltimore attributes to owner and operator of the ship Dali the blame for the collapse of the Key Bridge
Baltimore
They would have been established dysfunction to the power supply on board that would cause a blackout
Grimaldi and IMAT have renewed the five-year agreement for the training of crews
Castel Volturno
Focus on new technologies installed on board ships
The quarterly economic performance of DSV is still declining
Hedehusene
In the first quarter of this year, the value of net profit decreased by -27.2%
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the AdSP of the Sardinia Sea
Cagliari
An administration surplus of 530 million euros, of which more than 475 tied for works in progress
US imports of dangerous goods have been penalized during the pandemic.
Washington
Survey by the Government Accountability Office
In 2023 CEPIM-Parma's Interport recorded a growth of 6.8% of the value of production
Bianconese of Fontevivo
Net profit di788mila euro (+ 223.2%)
In the first quarter of 2024, UPS Group revenues fell by -5.3%
Atlanta
Net profit down -41.3%
Grendi has perfected the purchase of the ship Wedellsborg
Milan
It will be renamed with the name of "Grenching Futura"
Grimaldi consolidates its presence in China with new headquarters in Shanghai
Naples / Shanghai
Inaugurates the offices of the Grimaldi Shipping Agency Shanghai
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the Western Ligure Sea AdSP
Genoa
The new endowment of the institution's organic plant provides for 50 hires, including three managerial positions
First plant for the distribution of LNG and GNC to vehicles in the port of La Spezia
The Spezia
It has been installed in Stagnoni locations
Agreement between MSC, MSC Foundation and Mercy Ships for the construction of a new hospital ship
Geneva / Lindale
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
Agreement Assshipowners-ITS Academy G. Caboto for training in the maritime, port and logistics sectors
Rome
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
In the first quarter of 2024, the port of Algeciras handled 1.2 million containers (+ 8.1%)
Algeciras
The traffic in overall goods increased by 3.3%
In the first three months of this year in Valencia, container port traffic grew by 12.1% percent.
Valencia
In March, the increase was 15.7% percent.
The Spezia and Carrara try to break down the bell towers and solicit cooperation at the ports of Genoa and Savona
The Spezia
Switzerland and Switzerland cut trade between Italy and Switzerland.
Bern
In the first three months of the 2024 decline in Swiss exports. Stable imports
Port of Naples, striking of the fast ferry Island of Procida against a quay
Naples
About thirty minor injuries among passengers
Summoned for April 23 a meeting at MIT on former TCT port workers
Taranto
The unions had requested clarification on the future of the 330 members of the Taranto Port Workers Agency.
The outer Levant dock of the Arbatax port has returned fully operational
Cagliari
In August 2020 he had been shouted by the ferry "Bithia"
The Port of Los Angeles closed the first quarter with a 29.6% percent growth in container traffic
Los Angeles
Expected a continuation of the positive trend
Stable the value of ABB's revenues in the first quarter
Zurich
The new orders are down -5.0% percent. At the end of July Rosengren will leave the CEO position in Wierod
The crisis of the Cooperative Sole Workers of Porto Flavio Gioia officialized at institutions and trade unions
Salerno
USB Mare and Porti, what's going on in the port of Salerno is the result of pressure from shipowners
Euronav sells its own ship management company to Anglo-Eastern
Antwerp / Hong Kong
Manages the fleet of tanker ships of the Antwerp company
Genoa Shipbuilding Industries has acquired a submersible barge of the cargo capacity of 14,000 tonnes
Genoa
It can also be employed as a floating basin for the varo of artifacts up to 9,800 tons
Venice Cold Stores & Logistics obtains the qualification of tax warehouse for wines and sparkling
Venice
Extension of the services offered to companies in the wine sector
Gasparate urges to exempt property of interports from payment of the Imu
Nola
President of the Union Interports Reunited warned that with the PNRR construction sites the railway intermodality is at risk
Hapag-Lloyd plans future investments to expand business in the terminal and intermode sectors
Hamburg
Among the markets, the company focuses attention on Africa, India, Southeast Asia and the Pacific
Set up a consortium to decarbonize transport on the northern Pacific route
Vancouver
It is formed by nine companies and entities and is open to other partners
In the first quarter of this year, container traffic in the port of Long Beach increased by 16.4%
Long Beach
In March, the increase was 8.3% percent.
Delivery of the work of consolidation of the foranea dam of the port of Catania
Catania
Procurement of the value of 75 million euros
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
On April 11, the sixth edition of the "Italian Port Days" will begin.
Rome
Also this year the project has been divided into two sessions : the first in the spring and the second from September 20 to October 20
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Iran says MSC Aries vessel seized for 'violating maritime laws'
(Reuters)
Le transport maritime national navigue à vue
(Aujourd'hui Le Maroc)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Relazione del presidente Mario Mattioli
Roma, 27 ottobre 2023
››› File
Plan to improve in Genoa and Savona the rail links with cruise terminals and airport
Genoa
It was presented today in the Ligurian capital
From 10 to May 12 at Spezia will be held "DePortibus-The festival of ports that connect the world"
The Spezia
The programme provides for technical events and cultural proposals
Three new STS cranes have arrived in the Kenyan port of Lamu.
Mombasa
They will be able to work on container ships of the capacity of over 18mila teu
One hundred new IVECO trucks powered by HVO in the Smet fleet
Turin
They will be taken over in the course of this year
In the first three months of this year, goods transported by rail between China and Europe increased by 10% percent.
Beijing
Operated 4,541 trains (+ 9%)
In the first quarter of 2024, container traffic in the port of Hong Kong fell by -2.3%
Hong Kong
In March, the decline was -10.6% percent.
The regasification terminal FSRU Toscana left Livorno direct to Genoa
Livorno
In the Ligurian scalp and then in Marseille maintenance interventions will be carried out
Confirmed to Tugchiers Meeting Port of Genoa the granting of trailer services in the port of Genoa
Genoa
Planned investment of 35 million euros to renovate fleet
In the first quarter of 2024, OOIL revenues decreased by -9.0%
Hong Kong
Containers carried by the OOCL fleet increased by 3.4%
Mattioli (Federation of the Sea) relaunches the propulsive role of maritime clusters
Rome
Today, the National Sea Day and the marinara culture are celebrated
In the first quarter of 2024, the revenues of Yang Ming and WHL grew by 18.5% and 8.1%
Keelung / Taipei
In March the increments were equal to 20.3% and 8.6%
In 2023 the freight traffic handled by the State Railways Group fell by -2.0%
Rome
The Logistics Pole posted a net loss of -80 million euros, up 63 million euros.
Port of Genoa, inaugurated new rooms of Stella Maris at Maritime stations
Genoa
They are intended for the welfare and socialization of seafarers in transit in the Superba
Germany's Dachser has acquired the compatriate Brummer Logistik
Kempten
The company specializes in the logistics of perishable products
In the first quarter of 2024, Evergreen's revenues increased by 32.6% percent.
Taipei
In March, the increase was 36.5% percent.
Cooperation pact between the associations of the ports and ferry companies of Greece
The Piraeus
Among the activities, make sure that port benches are adequate for new naval technologies
In 2023 the traffic in goods at ports in Lazio fell by -5.7% percent. Record of cruises
Cyvitavecchia
Passenger of line services growing by 10.0%
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