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26 April 2024 - Year XXVIII
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXVI - Number 4/2008 - APRIL 2008

Trasporto intermodale

Il porto di Anversa sulle tracce del drago cinese

Il Porto di Anversa punta a diventare il primo porto europeo di scalo per i vettori marittimi che movimentano le importazioni cinesi alla volta dell'Europa.

In precedenza, il porto si era maggiormente concentrato sulla movimentazione delle esportazioni dal Nord America.

Anche se quest'ultima attività è ancora importante, la priorità della dirigenza per il 2008/09 è quella di espandere la propria quota di mercato nei traffici dall'Estremo Oriente, in particolar modo la Cina, e dall'India.

Ovviamente, si tratta di quelle aree che, a giudizio di Anversa, dispongono delle più rapide prospettive di crescita.

Anche se Anversa è un leader del mercato in relazione alle direttrici di traffico per gli Stati Uniti e l'Africa, nonché un importante attore sulla scena del Medio e Vicino Oriente, la sua quota di mercato per le importazioni/esportazioni da e per l'Estremo Oriente e l'Europa nord-occidentale (che comprende il Regno Unito, la Scandinavia, le regioni del Baltico ed il continente) è appena dell'8%.

E' evidente il divario rispetto al 30% conseguito da Rotterdam ed alla quota del 38% ottenuta da Amburgo.

Anversa ha in programma quest'anno l'incremento della propria quota di mercato delle importazioni dall'Estremo Oriente, ma le cifre a cui mira non erano disponibili al momento dell'indagine dato che la dirigenza stava ancora verificando i numeri.

Luc Arnouts, dirigente in capo commerciale del Porto di Anversa, ha dichiarato: "Il porto ha intenzione di accrescere la propria quota di mercato incrementando il numero degli allacciamenti che comprendono Anversa come scalo.

Preferibilmente, noi vorremmo che un numero maggiore di vettori facessero di Anversa il loro primo porto europeo".

Recentemente, sono stati aggiunti nuovi servizi, tra cui l'allacciamento IMEX (India Middle East Express), effettuato dalla CSAV, che ha iniziato a scalare Anversa a marzo del 2007, nonché la tratta AES3, effettuata dalla Yang Ming.

Quest'ultimo ha origine in Cina e ha cominciato a scalare Anversa a dicembre del 2007.

Tra gli altri servizi che hanno iniziato a scalare il porto vi sono l'allacciamento CNX effettuato dalla Hanjin e dalla UASC, che salpa da Cina e Singapore ed effettua ad Anversa il primo porto di scalo nell'area del Benelux, nonché il servizio NEMO, effettuato dalla CMA-CGM/Delmas.

Quest'ultimo raggiunge Anversa con partenza dal sud-est asiatico, dall'India e dall'Australia.

Ulteriori sviluppi sono altresì in vista, dato che lo East West Express della Zim, anch'esso con origine in Cina, ha in programma uno scalo ad Anversa a partire da febbraio.

E' significativo il fatto che il nuovo servizio, che utilizza navi della classe da 4.000 TEU, stia per fare di Anversa il suo primo porto di scalo del Nord Europa.

Anche se non vi sono dati di traffico specifici a disposizione in ordine ai traffici con la Cina, i risultati in termini di volumi di Anversa da e per il Medio e l'Estremo Oriente sono saliti da 1.315.197 TEU nel 2006 a 1.483.889 TEU nel 2007, con un aumento del 12,8%.

Il fatto che il porto sia determinato ad incrementare i propri collegamenti commerciali con la Cina può essere visto nel contesto di un progetto che recentemente è stato approntato in relazione a questo paese.

Il progetto viene portato avanti da una squadra di cinque persone che ha tre principali obiettivi e sta organizzando un'ottantina di visite in Cina al fine di incontrare i vettori marittimi cinesi.

In particolare, il gruppo punta a risolvere tutti i problemi doganali che potrebbero manifestarsi e sta intraprendendo le attività di marketing necessarie ad incrementare la diffusione del marchio del porto in Cina.

Quest'ultima iniziativa è estremamente importante.

Sostiene Arnouts: "Noi eravamo soliti concentrarci di più sulle esportazioni verso gli Stati Uniti e questo spiega perché essi non si rendano conto dei vantaggi apportati da Anversa.

Peraltro, anche noi probabilmente non abbiamo condotto abbastanza marketing in Cina, di modo che abbiamo un divario da colmare".

Questa linea di pensiero viene supportata da parecchi vettori marittimi con sede in Estremo Oriente.

Luc Lenchant, dirigente marketing regionale della NYK Line con sede ad Anversa, ha dichiarato: "La percezione del mercato in Asia è che il primo porto di ingresso nella regione del Benelux sia Rotterdam.

Tutti quanti conoscono Rotterdam, perché si tratta del maggior porto europeo in termini di tonnellaggio e risultati in TEU".

Arnouts è d'accordo sul fatto che Rotterdam venga considerato il principale porto europeo.

Egli attribuisce tale situazione all'importanza del mercato tedesco per i cinesi.

Spiega infatti: "I cinesi hanno scelto Rotterdam perché ritengono che sia più vicino alla Germania rispetto ad Anversa; in alternativa, spediscono direttamente ad Amburgo".

Si tratta di un punto di vista che Arnouts vorrebbe tanto sovvertire.

Sostiene infatti: "Anversa in realtà costituisce la via più rapida per raggiungere la "banana economica" della Francia settentrionale, del Benelux, della Ruhr in Germania e delle regioni dell'Alsazia, che è importante perché là risiede la maggior parte dei consumatori.

Queste zone si possono raggiungere facilmente da Anversa perché noi ci troviamo già a 100 km nell'interno ed il porto è libero da intasamenti.

Pure le nostre connessioni con l'hinterland sono buone: infatti, siamo a soli 20 minuti in più per ferrovia dalla Ruhr di quanto non lo sia Rotterdam".

Inoltre, il porto sta lavorando solamente al 65% della propria capacità complessiva disponibile e non raggiungerà il 100% sino al 2017/2018.

Arnouts considera questo fattore come un punto di vantaggio nei confronti dei clienti dell'Estremo Oriente, dal momento che la congestione è un problema diffuso fra i porti europei.

Nel contempo, il programma finalizzato ad aumentare il pescaggio del fiume Schelda, che darà ad Anversa una profondità navigabile di 13,1 metri allorquando sarà stato completato nel 2009, gli consentirà di movimentare navi di 12.000 TEU, il che rappresenta un'ulteriore attrazione per i vettori marittimi che servono i mercati dell'Estremo Oriente.

Infine, i collegamenti del porto con l'hinterland sono in corso di miglioramento, dato che Anversa mira ad incrementare il quantitativo di carichi movimentati per ferrovia; essi, al momento attuale, sono attestati al 12%.

La Evergreen con sede a Taiwan si dichiara d'accordo sul fatto che lo sviluppo dei collegamenti con l'hinterland è "importante per lo sviluppo dei volumi Asia-Europa".

Un portavoce ha dichiarato: "Potenziare le proprie connessioni con l'hinterland per mezzo di migliori servizi ferroviari è decisivo, perché questo garantisce uno scorrevole flusso dei carichi nella gestione della filiera organizzativa.

I clienti traggono vantaggio da un servizio più rapido e sicuro".

Il Porto di Anversa sta senza dubbio lavorando sodo al proprio obiettivo di attirare più attività dall'Estremo Oriente e sarà interessante vedere quale riuscita potranno avere le sue iniziative.
(da: Containerisation International, marzo 2008, pag. 75)



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Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
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ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
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››› Meetings File
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››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
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››› File
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Keelung / Taipei
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Rome
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Port of Genoa, inaugurated new rooms of Stella Maris at Maritime stations
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Cyvitavecchia
Passenger of line services growing by 10.0%
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