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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XVIII - Number 7-8/2000 - JULY/AUGUST 2000

Ports

I progressi del porto di Halifax

"Noi del porto di Halifax, alle linee di navigazione vendiamo una filosofia del tipo <il primo in cui entrare, l'ultimo da cui uscire>" spiega David Bellefontaine, presidente e primo dirigente dell'Autorità Portuale di Halifax. "Se un vettore marittimo salpa dal Mediterraneo o dal Sud-Est asiatico attraverso il canale di Suez, ad esempio, Halifax è il primo porto d'entrata della Costa Orientale del Nordamerica in termini di distanza. Le navi possono farvi ingresso a pieno carico" continua Bellefontaine.

Bellefontaine aggiunge che ai vettori marittimi vengono offerti altresì una profondità minima di pescaggio di 60 piedi, unitamente ad un accesso agevole per le navi ed a nessuna necessità di doversela vedere con maree o ghiaccio. "La localizzazione è davvero il nostro fattore-chiave. Le navi arrivano a Halifax e scaricano contenitori prima di continuare il viaggio lungo la costa orientale alla volta di New York, ad esempio; nel momento in cui la nave arriva là, il container scaricato a Halifax è già a Toronto, nell'Ontario".

Se si analizzano i risultati in termini di contenitori di Halifax (v. Tabella 1), appare chiaramente come la filosofia adottata dall'autorità portuale dia i suoi risultati. Nel 1999, Halifax ha movimentato complessivamente 462.766 TEU, con un incremento del 9% rispetto ai 425.435 TEU fatti registrare nel 1998. "Stiamo facendo molto bene in termini di risultati TEU" afferma Bellefontaine. "Nel 1999 abbiamo avuto un'annata record: il totale ha superato i nostri precedenti risultati migliori, quelli del 1989, che ovviamente avevano resistito per molti anni. E per il 2000 posso dire che, sino adesso, siamo già del 14% oltre i risultati del 1999".

TABELLA 1
CONFRONTO DEI RISULTATI IN TEU
TRA IL PORTO DI HALIFAX ED I SUOI PRINCIPALI CONCORRENTI
Porto1999 199819971996
Baltimora498.000486.999 476.012474.638
Halifax462.766425.435 459.176392.273
Montreal993.486932.701 870.368852.530
New York/New Jersey2.828.878 2.465.9932.456.886 2.269.145
Fonte: Porti e dati di Containerisation International Yearbook

Il citato presidente e primo dirigente è felice di ammettere che si tratta di cifre inerenti ad una "buona crescita". Pertanto, per farla semplice, com'è stata conseguita tale crescita? Bellefontaine ritiene che essa sia dovuta ad "una combinazione di nuovi servizi e di crescita organica".

In termini di nuovi servizi, nel 1999 la Coral Container Lines ha introdotto una nuova partenza quindicinale da Halifax per L'Avana, a Cuba, con un'ulteriore connessione che fa scalo in porti sparsi tra i Caraibi ed il Sudamerica. A gennaio di quest'anno, la MSC (Mediterranean Shipping Company) ha iniziato un servizio settimanale che collega Halifax con il Regno Unito ed il Nord Europa.

In termini di crescita organica, Bellefontaine ha indicato la crescita del servizio "PAX" effettuato dai soci della Grand Alliance - Hapag-Lloyd, NYK Line, OOCL e P&O Nedlloyd - come un buon esempio di volumi in aumento. "La Hapag-Lloyd è stata il nostro miglior cliente nel 1999 in termini sia di tonnellaggio containerizzato che di volumi TEU" ha detto, ma senza fornire cifre concrete. Un portavoce della linea di navigazione si è dichiarato d'accordo e ha spiegato i vantaggi dello scalo a Halifax: "Certamente siamo uno dei principali utenti del porto. Noi ci serviamo di Halifax quale nostro ultimo scalo di carico, che ci aiuta ad assicurare tempi di viaggio molto rapidi alla volta dell'Europa. E' un porto molto competitivo anche in termini di costi".

Un altro utente che da molto tempo fa scalo a Halifax, la Zim Israel Navigation Co, spiega perché essa attracca al porto sin dal 1972: "Ci serviamo di Halifax come porta d'accesso primaria al Canada dal Mediterraneo e viceversa. Inoltre facciamo scalo qui per accedere al Mid-West statunitense".

Olav Rakkenes, presidente e primo dirigente della ACL (Atlantic Container Line), movimentatrice settimanale di traffico containerizzato e ro-ro nel volubile mercato del Nord Atlantico, esprime il suo punto di vista. "La ACL fa scalo a Halifax sin dal primo giorno. E' un buon porto per noi al fine di servire i nostri mercati, in particolar modo il Canada. Halifax si adatta bene alle operazioni della ACL: ci serviamo di questo scalo come primo porto in entrata ed ultimo porto in uscita. Ci piace, inoltre, la stabilità che offre, particolarmente sul fronte delle questioni sindacali" ha dichiarato. Dal momento che l'ultima problematica di natura sindacale a Halifax risale al 1976, i commenti di Rakkenes sono più che giustificati.

Tuttavia, è chiaro che Halifax, come la maggior parte dei porti, si trova a dover affrontare una dura concorrenza. Bellefontaine fornisce maggiori delucidazioni al riguardo: "La nostra concorrenza è rappresentata da New York, Montreal ed i porti sulla Costa Occidentale degli U.S.A. Fondamentalmente, peraltro, devo guardarmi da due tipi di concorrenza. Una è la concorrenza in ordine alle navi; l'altra è la concorrenza relativa ai carichi". Poi spiega il fondamento logico che sta alla base del suo pensiero: "Dato che le navi diventano sempre più grandi, la nostra concorrenza non sarà rappresentata da Montreal quanto alle dimensioni delle navi, ma lo sarà dalla costa giù fino agli Stati Uniti, in primo luogo da New York/New Jersey e sotto qualche aspetto forse da Baltimora. Inoltre, ci dobbiamo guardare dai concorrenti statunitensi della Costa Occidentale per quanto attiene alle attività con l'Asia, poiché i porti situati su quella costa sono in grado di raccordare i carichi con qualsiasi luogo del Nordamerica, proprio come noi. In relazione ai carichi, tuttavia, Montreal rappresenta sì un concorrente, specialmente in ordine ai traffici con l'Europa. Le navi più piccole che fanno scalo a Montreal fanno concorrenza a quelle più grandi che vengono a Halifax, poiché gli stessi carichi devono essere inoltrati all'interno via ferrovia".

Courtnay Allan, direttore traffici transatlantici della OOCL, apporta un'opinione diversa alla questione della concorrenza. "Halifax è un punto di fermata ovvio ai fini del servizio, sulla rotta della Costa Orientale U.S.A., ma è anche un punto di riferimento per i vettori che vogliono fare ingresso nel mercato canadese senza dover dedicare una serie distinta di navi a risalire il fiume sino a Montreal" afferma.

Tenendo conto di questi commenti e tenendo presente che Halifax è situata a diverse centinaia di miglia da tutte le principali città, come ad esempio Montreal, allora bisogna rilevare che le connessioni ferroviarie con l'interno sono importanti, per quanto i costi rappresentino ancora, chiaramente, la problematica principale. Parlando alla 17a Esposizione Intermodale Internazionale di Atlanta nello scorso mese di aprile, Bellefontaine ha ulteriormente spiegato: "Dato che l'autotrasporto rappresenta meno del 20% della nostra attività, la percentuale dei costi ferroviari costituisce una parte significativa della spesa complessiva della movimentazione di un contenitore via Halifax. Ed i costi chiaramente stanno diventando sempre più importanti per le linee di navigazione - specialmente riguardo al contenimento dei costi stessi - sebbene il servizio ferroviario resti l'elemento essenziale".

Tuttavia, il suddetto presidente e primo dirigente è consapevole del fatto che, secondo alcuni, il principale svantaggio di Halifax sia costituito dalla sua distanza dai mercati dell'hinterland. "I nostri concorrenti non hanno torto quando sottolineano ciò. I nostri mercati interni sono abbastanza distanti rispetto a quelli dei nostri concorrenti della Costa Orientale U.S.A., ma noi facciamo affidamento su una ferrovia dai costi razionali, la CN (Canadian National Railway)" afferma.

La Zim è d'accordo con Bellefontaine. "Il trasporto terrestre è una questione importante. Noi abbiamo relazioni da lungo tempo con la CN, che assicura un servizio efficiente e competitivo. Naturalmente, i costi del trasporto terrestre e delle movimentazioni terminalistiche dovrebbero essere senz'altro concorrenziali nel confronto faccia a faccia con Montreal, dato il tempo di navigazione extra richiesto in quest'ultimo caso" conferma un dirigente.

Bellefontaine ritiene che la CN abbia aiutato Halifax ad assicurare l'accesso a zone quali il Mid-West statunitense. "La distanza può essere un problema, ma gran parte del lato negativo della questione recentemente è stato superato dalle iniziative della CN" spiega; prosegue Bellefontaine: "Il futuro di Halifax dipende principalmente da una ferrovia che continui a crescere ed a fare sempre meglio ciò che fa".

Alla luce di quanto premesso, Bellefontaine si sente di supportare le recenti iniziative della CN. "La fusione CN-Central Illinois ci ha aiutato: ci ha dato un maggior raggio d'azione, giù fino a St.Louis nel Missouri ed a New Orleans in Louisiana. Perciò, ogniqualvolta la CN dovesse procedere ad acquisizioni facendo diventare più ampia la propria portata, noi ne trarremmo vantaggio".

Quanto alla proposta di fusione della CN con la BNSF (Burlington Northern Santa Fe), egli ha aggiunto che ovviamente Halifax ha supportato i piani della CN, sebbene poi non si sia sorpreso di assistere alla decurtazione dell'accordo proposto. "La localizzazione di Halifax quale porto di primo ingresso e di ultima uscita sta a significare che ha senz'altro senso supportare gli obiettivi della CN. Non sono stato sorpreso dal fatto che la scelta della CN fosse indirizzata sulla BNSF, ma allo stesso modo non sono stato nemmeno sorpreso dalla decisione dello STB (Consiglio statunitense dei Trasporti di Superficie) di non consentire la fusione" sostiene Bellefontaine. Quanto al futuro della proposta in questione, egli spera che essa possa col tempo conseguire le necessarie approvazioni, anche se non è del tutto convinto che ce la farà. "Forse la CN/BNSF è stata penalizzata dagli avvenimenti del passato. Lo STB adesso sta molto attento quando deve valutare le questioni inerenti alle fusioni" ha spiegato.

Un altro argomento che ha svolto un ruolo notevole nella storia recente di Halifax è la Legge Marittima canadese. Come è avvenuto per altri porti canadesi, la legge ha modificato lo stato giuridico di Halifax, dandogli maggiore autonomia e maggiore flessibilità commerciale. Afferma Bellefontaine: "La nuova normativa marittima canadese fondamentalmente ha significato per noi la cessazione di qualsiasi finanziamento da parte del governo federale. Ora, noi dobbiamo agire per lo più come fa il settore privato. Prendendo ad esempio le infrastrutture terminalistiche, una volta recuperati i costi inerenti ai beni patrimoniali credo che ci rivolgeremo a noleggi a breve termine".

Per il futuro, Bellefontaine è ottimista. "Le prospettive per Halifax sono buone. Ho buone impressioni al riguardo. Il profondo pescaggio delle nostre acque e le buone possibilità d'accesso e le altre caratteristiche che sono state ampiamente pubblicizzate stanno cominciando a dare qualche frutto. Penso che ci stiamo avviando a diventare vincenti nei prossimi 10 anni" ha concluso.
(da: Containerisation International, giugno 2000)


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SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
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- geographical areas
The president of Angopi receives the first professional certificate of competence as a mooring man.
Savona
The certificate must be renewed every five years.
Fincantieri has delivered the new cruise ship Mein Schiff Flow to TUI Cruises.
Hamburg/Monfalcone
With a gross tonnage of approximately 160,000 tons, it has a capacity of approximately 4,000 passengers.
In the first three months of 2026, freight traffic in the port of Palermo decreased by -6.3%
Palermo
Traffic also decreased in the ports of Termini Imerese, Trapani, and Licata. Increases occurred in Porto Empedocle and Gela.
The Antitrust Authority has not given its final approval for the acquisition of Armas' assets and activities by Baleària.
Barcelona
Set a series of conditions
Assarmatori's annual assembly will take place in Rome on Tuesday.
Rome
The event's theme is "Instructions for not navigating in the dark."
VARD to build a new generation fishing vessel
Trieste
It was ordered by the Norwegian company Rosund Drift
Royal Caribbean has taken delivery of its new Legend of the Seas cruise ship.
Miami
Built by Meyer Turku, it can accommodate 5,610 passengers
Concentration in the UK shipbuilding sector
London
Baleana buys APCL Group (A&P Tyne, Cammell Laird and A&P Falmouth and Falmouth Docks and Engineering)
Informal hearings of trade union representatives on port governance reform
Rome
At the heart of the critical issues highlighted - confirms Filt-Cgil - is the planned establishment of Porti d'Italia Spa
Venice, the DPSS confirms the need to build new offshore terminals outside the lagoon.
Venice
The Strategic System Programming Document has been approved by the AdSP Management Committee
The Spinelli Group has joined the Italian Association of Port Terminal Operators
Genoa
The company and Assiterminal expressed satisfaction with the resumption of an important association
In the first three months of 2026, freight traffic at UK ports fell by -2.6%
London
More significant decrease (-6.8%) in boarding loads
Mark Hindley is the new president of the European Motor Vehicle Logistics Association
Istanbul
Wolfgang Göbel was elected honorary president
At the Port of Genoa, a tugboat was stopped for irregularities in nitrogen oxide emissions.
Genoa
The vessel is used for the construction works of the new breakwater
In April, freight traffic in the port of Ravenna grew by +21.4%
Ravenna
An increase of +2.5% is expected in May
Sallaum Lines to launch dedicated China-Europe service in 2027
Nanjing
Two new 7,400 CEU PCTCs taken delivery
On June 12th in Naples, an initiative by Filt Cgil on governance in the port sector
Rome
Naval drone found in Romanian port of Constanta
Bucharest
The device self-destructed without causing any casualties.
HJSC receives approval in principle for the construction of a 10,000 TEU biofuel containership.
Athens
It was released from the Korean Naval Register
Global Ship Lease invests $917 million to purchase ten new container ships
Athens
They will be delivered between the fourth quarter of 2028 and the first quarter of 2030.
WASS (Fincantieri) and Magellan Agreement on Canada's Underwater Defense
Trieste
Industrial cooperation opportunities in the field of heavy torpedoes and countermeasures will be explored
Solutions to overcome the chronic staff shortage in the Italian maritime sector
Procida
Pagano (Maritime Labor Committee): Digitalization, simplification, and cooperation between training and businesses to overcome the crisis
Maritime training agreement signed by Gente di Mare (Cosulich) and Carnival
Genoa
Di Tizio: This collaboration allows us to bring an international project to the territory
Antipollution (V.Group) orders four eco-friendly vessels from ONEX Shipyards & Technologies
Athens
Option for four additional units
Spinelli has ordered three new handling vehicles from FTMH
Genoa
A reach stacker for empty containers has already entered service in the group's Livorno depot
Luigi Merlo to lead MSC Cruises' Italian cruise terminal company
Geneva
Centrone (formerly Fincantieri) takes over as Director of Maritime Policies and Government Affairs for the group in Italy
Greece's Skaramangas Shipyards and South Korea's HD Hyundai sign cooperation agreement
Athens
The aim is to collaborate in the construction of surface military vessels
AD Ports buys the Brazilian Corredor Logística e Infraestrutura
Sao Paulo/Abu Dhabi
The company handles the largest volume of agri-food bulk exports in the South American nation
The 2026-2028 Three-Year Operational Plan of the Northern Tyrrhenian Port Authority has been approved.
Livorno
Unanimous approval from the Management Committee
Chen Lichtenstein appointed president and CEO of ZIM
Haifa
He will replace the resigning Eli Glickman.
Gianluca Croce has been confirmed as president of Assagenti Genova.
Genoa
The members of the association's board for the two-year period 2026-2028
The Mega Serena ferry has joined the Corsica Sardinia Ferries fleet.
Vado Ligure
It has a capacity of up to 2,000 passengers and over 600 vehicles.
The first steel cutting of the Crystal Grace cruise ship took place in Marghera.
Miami
Fincantieri will deliver the vessel in spring 2028
Palumbo Superyacht awarded 13,048 square meters of mooring space to the Port of Ortona.
Ancona
Central Adriatic Port Authority, guidelines for issuing the single ZES authorization
Port of Livorno: Two new FHP MarterNeri warehouses inaugurated
Livorno
Investment exceeding 23 million euros
The Committee of the Central Northern Tyrrhenian Sea Port Authority has decided to close the institution's state of crisis.
Civitavecchia
New solution for exceptional transport on intermodal trains from FS Logistix and Van der Vlist
Verona
Two aerial platforms transported from Verona to Rostock
Port of Naples: Fire aboard GNV's Phoenix ferry
Naples
Flames broke out in the internal areas of deck 6 of the ship
Latrofa has chosen a trusted individual to lead an in-house company within the Lazio Port Authority.
Civitavecchia
The new sole director - he underlined - has been provided with particularly stringent management guidelines
In the first three months of 2026, MPC Container Ships' revenues decreased by -6.4%.
Oslo
Quarterly net income of $40.8 million (-31.8%)
The 2026-2028 Three-Year Operational Plan of the Sardinian Port Authority has been approved.
Olbia
Green light from the Management Committee
The environmental assessment process for the San Antonio Outer Harbor project has been completed.
Saint Anthony
The Viking Mira cruise ship was delivered at the Fincantieri shipyard in Ancona
Ancona/Los Angeles
It has a gross tonnage of 54,300 tons and a capacity of 998 passengers.
In 2025, RINA recorded revenues of over one billion euros (+11%)
Genoa
Net profit up 30%
The new railway bridge has been installed at the Port of Marina di Carrara.
Marina di Carrara
Pisano: A turning point in the port's logistics organization.
Ports, freight terminals, and corridors. Venice and the Upper Adriatic as a gateway to the East.
Venice
This is the theme of the event that will be held on Thursday in Venice
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Tomorrow in Sant'Agnello (Naples) the inauguration event of the Italy Branch of The Nautical Institute
London
Assarmatori's annual assembly will take place in Rome on Tuesday.
Rome
The event's theme is "Instructions for not navigating in the dark."
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
World's first floating fusion reactor-powered vessel could become reality with new project
(Interesting Engineering)
Shipbuilding's Spring Illusion: Backbone Collapses
(The Chosun Daily)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
Estonian State Fleet orders electric-powered ferry from Polish shipyard Crist
Tallinn
Contract worth 49.93 million euros
In April, Spanish ports handled 1.7 million containers (+1.7%)
Madrid
Cruise passengers down by -18.4%
Container traffic in the port of Valencia decreased by 2.5% in April
Valencia
In the first four months of 2026, almost 1.8 million TEUs were handled (+0.2%)
Global Ship Lease posts record quarterly revenues again
Athens
Net profit down 24.0%
International cooperation between the Sardinian Port Authority and the Port of Tangier Ville for luxury yachting
Cagliari
Promotion of an integrated nautical circuit between Sardinia and Morocco
The new first aid medical center has been inaugurated in the port of Gioia Tauro
Gioia Tauro
Among the facilities, a first aid clinic and a CMR ambulance
BPER provides financing to Grimaldi Euromed for fleet modernization.
Milan/Naples
Resources used to partially cover the purchase of the ship "Grande Manila"
ASRY and Priya Blue establish ship recycling yard in Bahrain
Al Muharraq/Alang
First ship destined for dismantling has arrived in the Middle Eastern nation
SAAM Towage orders five new tugboats from Turkish shipyard Sanmar Shipyard
Santiago
They will have a pulling capacity of between 70 and 80 tons
Container traffic at the Port of Long Beach dropped 5.7% last month.
Long Beach/Singapore/Hong Kong
In Singapore, growth of +3.6% was recorded, while in Hong Kong containers decreased by -6.3%.
Carta (Fermerci): Urgent policies are needed to support railway companies.
Rome
In 2025, rail cargo lost approximately 3.5%, in terms of trains/km
Fratelli Neri orders two more new tugboats in Egypt
Ismailia
Contract with the Suez Canal Company for Modern Boats
Container traffic in the port of Barcelona grew by 17.4% in April.
Barcelona/Algeciras
Algeciras port increases by 6.3%.
The Islamabad government has approved the sale of a 30% stake in the Pakistan National Shipping Corporation.
Islamabad
The share will go to the state logistics company NLC which will also assume management control of PNSC
In 2025, the Spanish port system recorded record revenues
Madrid
Pre-tax profit was 349 million euros (+4.2%)
Leapmotor International strengthens its partnership with the Neapolitan Grimaldi shipping group.
Hoofddorp
In the first quarter, approximately 20,000 units were transported from China to the Italian market.
Cruise traffic in German ports reached a new record last year
Wiesbaden
With 1.51 million passengers, growth was +4.1%.
Federazione del Mare joins the celebrations for the International Day for Women in Maritime 2026.
Rome
Mattioli: The maritime economy is losing opportunities and potential.
After years of sustained growth, short sea shipping in Spain has entered a phase of structural slowdown
Madrid
This is what the latest report from the Observatorio Estadístico del Transporte Marítimo de Corta Distancia reveals.
AD Ports to buy German freight forwarder MBS Logistics
Colony
The company has over 450 employees and 26 offices worldwide.
The Spinelli Group has joined the Sustainable Intermodal Logistics Association
Genoa/Rome
Summary: ALIS can offer our ecosystem strategic added value
$200 million investment to build and equip the new multipurpose terminal at Pointe-Noire
Brazzaville/Abu Dhabi
Ordered three ship-to-shore cranes from ZPMC
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