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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XIX - Number 11/2001 - NOVEMBER 2001

Trasporto intermodale

Un focus regionale

Attraverso tutta una serie di acquisizioni durante tutto l'anno passato, l'impresa IMC canadese Clarke Logistics si è espansa rapidamente negli Stati Uniti, mentre altre IMCs hanno assistito ad una diminuzione delle loro entrate. In realtà la Clarke Logistics sta progettando un piano di espansione di ampio respiro in tutto il Nord America.

Con la sua recente espansione negli Stati Uniti, la Clarke Logistics testimonia di non stare ottenendo performances in linea con quelle, mediocri e altalenanti, delle altre imprese del mercato intermodale nordamericano. Se alcune delle principali imprese statunitensi dell'intermodalità (IMCs), tra cui Hub Group, Inc e Peter International, hanno prodotto deludenti risultati quest'anno, la Clarke Logistics ha, invece, realizzato un aumento globale delle entrate di US$56 milioni. Se si confronta il dato con quello di Hub Group, quest'ultima azienda ha visto le sue entrate dal mercato dell'intermodalità decrescere del 12% nel secondo trimestre del 2001, rispetto allo stesso periodo dell'anno precedente, da US$248 milioni a US$217 milioni.

Ma la Clarke Logistics è pure piuttosto diversa dalle altre imprese IMCs anche per il fatto di avere base in Canada, non negli USA. Nel mercato canadese, i trasportatori ferroviari effettuano le consegne di servizi intermodali direttamente agli spedizionieri, non usano le IMCs come intermediarie, diversamente che negli USA. Steve Ramescu, vicepresidente della Clarke Logistics, uffici di Montreal (PQ), spiega le principali motivazioni di questo modo di agire: "Prima c'erano molte più linee ferroviarie negli USA. I trasportatori ferroviari non potevano seguire le singole consegne, così hanno lasciato il compito alle IMCs. Invece in Canada non c'è tutta questa confusione. Perché il mercato canadese si apra completamente a noi, avremo bisogno di un cambio di mentalità nell'industria ferroviaria nazionale canadese, e questo non si pensa che succederà adesso".

Naturalmente, con solo due operatori dell'intermodalità di grandi dimensioni in Canada (la Canadian National, CN, e la CP Rail), la supply chain è considerevolmente molto meno complessa per i transiti Est-Ovest intra industriali, almeno se rapportata a quella statunitense.

La Clarke Logistics è solo una delle cinque divisioni operative della Clarke Inc con base a Toronto (ON), la maggiore impresa 3PL del Canada. Ma si differenzia dalle altre divisioni per almeno due ragioni:

  1. non possiede che un minimo di equipaggiamenti: fino all'anno scorso non possedeva nemmeno un camion, e dopo l'acquisizione recente della Focus Carrier, impresa USA, ha ereditato i 40 camions di quest'ultima,

  1. si è espansa, diversamente dalle aziende a lei simili, negli ultimi mesi e, cosa unica nel settore per il periodo attuale, ha in progetto piani di espansione e crescita ulteriore, con target il Nord America e i traffici transfrontaileri tra Canada, confine USA e Messico, ovvero i flussi commerciali di merci e servizi dell'area NAFTA.

La Clarke Inc è il principale attore nel mercato domestico canadese del trasporto su gomma. Ci sono poi la Clarke Transport e la Clarke Road Transport che forniscono servizi di carico su trucks, LTL e servizi trasporti intermodali attraverso il Canada, con il parco macchine della Clarke. La Clarke Contract Services opera con camions nel Canada Orientale, su base ad hoc. Una curiosità: quest'ultima divisione è proprietaria e gestisce una linea traghetti per merci e passeggeri sul fiume St. Lawrence, tra la Rivière du Loup (PQ) e St Simeon (PQ).

Invero, le sinergie sono evidenti tra le diverse divisioni operative della Clarke. Per riuscire nelle sue operazioni intermodali, la Clarke Logistics utilizza tutte le principali linee ferroviarie del Nord America e oltre 1.000 diverse compagnie di trasporto stradale. Nonostante ciò, per il trasporto su gomma, l'IMC utilizza i veicoli della Clarke quando è possibile. Nota Ramescu: "Le divisioni della Clarke sono strettamente interrelate. Per come siamo strutturati, possiamo permetterci di scegliere le modalità di trasporto che preferiamo. La Clarke Road Transport divisione trucking è una compagnia solida di alta reputazione, ma ce ne sono anche molte altre".

Oltre alla Clarke Transport e alla Clarke Road Transport, anche la Concord Transportation fornisce dei servizi di trasporto su gomma con propri mezzi all'interno dello stesso gruppo di compagnie Clarke Inc. In gruppo, nel suo insieme, è riuscito a guadagnare una vasta quota di mercato sia nel business nazionale canadese, sia nel traffico transfrontaliero tra Canada e USA. Nonostante la temporanea recessione nell'economia statunitense, che ha anche cominciato a influenzare l'economia canadese, tutte le divisioni del gruppo, eccetto la Concord Transportation, hanno registrato performances soddisfacenti per quest'anno.

Il traffico tra Canada e USA è anche dove la Clarke Logistics ha sempre avuto la parte migliore del suo business. Per la compagnia, il mercato nazionale canadese è di secondaria importanza, e lo è sempre stato, per le ragioni sopra esposte. Nel mercato Canadese la Clarke Inc è tra i tre miglior performers IMCs, ma non potrebbe mai vivere delle sole entrate di detto mercato, perché solo raramente gli affari sono eccezionali. La quota di mercato canadese è ampia, ma piccola comparata alle compagnie statunitensi simili. La Clarke Ins ha C$150 (US$98,7) milioni di turnover, minori delle entrate del gruppo Hub. Anche GST e Alliance Shippers sono più grandi. È strano, dato che comunque le dimensioni del mercato canadese sono superiori a quelle del mercato statunitense, in termini di popolazione target. Nonostante ciò, la Clarke Logistics, ad esempio, gestisce oltre 100.000 spedizioni l'anno, dal grande container pieno (tra 48ft e 53ft) al singolo pallet. Per contro, la Alliance Shippers movimenta intorno ai 450.000 containers l'anno.

Le divisioni operative della Clarke Inc
Clarke Transport- asset-based
- intermodale
- carichi merci e LTL attraverso il Canada
Concord Transportation- asset-based
- truckload
- servizi LTL e merci attraverso il Nord America
Clarke Logistics- low-asset-based IMC
- trasporto multimodale
- servizi logistici e ad alto valore aggiunto attraverso il Nord America
Clarke Road Transport - asset-based truckload da e per le principali destinazioni: Quebec, Ontario Canada Atlantico e maggiori città USA
Clarke Contract Services - servizi contrattuali dedicati

Pertanto, per competere con tutti i giganti del mercato statunitense, la Clarke Logistics ha sviluppato un'impressionante strategia di diversificazione per ottenere ulteriore crescita, ma continuando a focalizzare sul mercato, da servire assiduamente, dei clienti localizzati nel Nord America. Pianificata molti anni or sono, la strategia è stata implementata solo parzialmente. In termini di espansione geografica, concerne la penetrazione crescente della compagnia nel mercato locale degli USA, con un guadagno sempre maggiore del business transfrontaliero dell'area NAFTA.

La seconda, e maggiore, parte del piano in questione comprende lo sviluppo di un nuovo sistema pionieristico di computers. Ciò permetterà alla compagnia di portare avanti le proprie attività di supply chain, e di avere l'opportunità di espandersi nel trasporto merci aereo e marittimo. Nel lungo termine, ci sono piani per l'espansione dei servizi offerti a vantaggio dei clienti, per conquistare anche fette del mercato europeo e asiatico.

Per quanto concerne le ambizioni della Clarke Logistics nel mercato, più redditizio, degli USA, Ramescu dice: "Miriamo alla crescita nel mercato statunitense perché, data la grande popolazione, qui il raggio d'azione e la possibilità di profitto sarebbero maggiori".

La prima penetrazione significativa del mercato in questione è avvenuta lo scorso Gennaio 2000, con la nascita di Clarke Logistics Inc (CLI), una joint-venture indipendente tra Clarke Logistics e la ferroviaria CN. La Clarke Logistics detiene l'80% del capitale della CLI, mentre l'investimento della CN consta di un 10% di interessi diretti e di un 10% di interessi indiretti, attraverso la Transci Transportation Systems, sussidiaria della CN di sua esclusiva proprietà.

Douglas Payne, vicepresidente senior della Clarke Logistics, dice: "La Clarke è un partner strategico della CN al giorno d'oggi, e gioca un ruolo chiave nelle offerte intermodali della CN tra USA e Canada e all'interno dello stesso Canada. Ora, la CLI ci fornisce una grande opportunità di espansione della nostra base di clienti nei mercati locali degli USA, e ci permette di offrire ai clienti già consolidati da tempo una nuova apertura di mercato".

La Clarke Logistics ha di conseguenza rafforzato la propria presenza negli USA con l'acquisto di quattro compagnie di gestione delle merci, localizzate in parti differenti del Paese: Focus Carriers, a Memphis (TN), Kenley Trucking Inc, di Atlanta (GA), Creative Logistics, a Ripon (CA) e Brandywine Consolidators Inc, di Philadelphia (PA). Complessivamente, l'acquisizione ha accresciuto le entrate della Clarke Logistics di US$56 milioni. Ramescu spiega che le imprese acquisite sono tutte operatrici di nicchia, che hanno già dei loro accordi di business con i principali maggiori competitors nazionali.

Accanto alla maggiore copertura geografica del mercato degli USA (comprendente Alaska, Hawaii e Puerto Rico), le acquisizioni hanno anche ampliato la gamma di prodotti trattai dalla Clarke Logistics abitualmente. Si segnala in particolare la Brandywine Consolidators, che ha permesso alla Clarke Logistics di gestire i materiali da costruzione in quantità molto elevate. La compagnia già trasporta un grande quantitativo di grappe e liquori. È anche forte nel settore del dettaglio: uno dei suoi maggiori clienti è la Hudson Bay Company, la maggior catena di grossisti del Canada.

La Clarke Logistics si sta anche espandendo rapidamente in Messico, per incrementare la sua quota di traffico NAFTA. Al momento attuale, il giro d'affari generato dalla compagnia grazie ai clienti messicani ammonta al 15% del totale. Ramescu spiega: "Anche prima del NAFTA, siamo stati tra i primi spedizionieri a esplorare il mercato messicano. Fino ad oggi non abbiamo operato direttamente all'interno di questo mercato, ma ora, con il NAFTA, possiamo controllare le spedizioni door-to-door".

In effetti, la compagnia recentemente ha aperto due nuovi uffici in Messico: uno a Mexico City e l'altro a Queretaro. Ramescu si è sbilanciato sul potenziale di questo mercato: "Il Messico è la nuova frontiera del business. Interloquiamo direttamente con il TFM, e siamo l'IMC number one in Messico. Il focus è il traffico transfrontaliero lungo la direttrice Nord-Sud. Infatti, in Messico mancano le infrastrutture sull'asse Ovest-Est, così si crea un incontro perfetto per il trasporto internazionale. Per ora, questo è il segmento del nostro giro d'affari che cresce più velocemente. E probabilmente lo sarà anche in futuro, e potrebbe diventare un punto saldo nei progetti di crescita della nostra impresa".

Questa espansione delle infrastrutture intermodali della Clarke Logistics in Messico ha aiutato la compagnia a espandere le sue capacità di management della supply chain attraverso il Nord America. Ad esempio, ora l'impresa controlla l'intera supply chain della birreria messicana Corona, per quanto concerne l'invio di bottiglie per kl Canada. La Clarke Logistics controlla anche le spedizioni di birra dallo stabilimento base di imbottigliamento a Mexico City verso i centri di distribuzione di Chicago (IL) e Canada (per quest'ultimo è la Molson, compagnia canadese produttrice di birra, che è incaricata della distribuzione, in virtù di un accordo tra le due birrerie). Da lì, l'IMC gestisce anche la distribuzione successiva ai dettaglianti in tutto il Canada Orientale.

La gamma dei servizi di supply chain della Clarke Logistics dovrà crescere, almeno secondo le aspettative dei responsabili, una volta che sarà implementato il nuovo sistema computerizzato di gestione dei carichi alla fine del 2001. E' interessante notare che la compagnia ritiene che il sistema sarà una primordiale sperimentazione in vista di una del tutto nuova piattaforma computerizzata dedicata all'intero settore industriale del trasporto. Il sistema corrente ERP dell'IMC in questione utilizza software SAP, che la compagnia ha aumentato con la sua recente espansione.

Il costo per questo rinnovamento tecnologico è mantenuto segreto, ma si ritiene che sia elevato, dato che il return on investment atteso è molto alto. La Clarke Logistics sta sviluppando detto sistema al suo interno, in stretta collaborazione con un'azienda elettronica della Florida, perché dall'esterno nessuno è stato in grado di proporre delle soluzioni soddisfacenti.

Spiega Ramescu: "In nostro sistema deve essere compatibile con quello delle compagnie di trasporto ferroviario, per riuscire a raccogliere i dati in modo omogeneo e tradurli nel nostro linguaggio. La differenza tra il nostro linguaggio e la maggior parte degli altri è che il nostro si può adattare a tutti i modi di trasporto: strada, ferrovia, aria e acqua".

Così, nuove opportunità saranno offerte alla Clarke Logistics in Europa, in Asia e in Nord America. Sottolinea Ramescu: "Prima d'ora non ci siamo ancora lanciati nel trasporto merci aereo perché non avevamo un adeguato sistema di supporto, ma ora, con le nuove tecnologie, siamo pronti per entrare in questo nuovo tipo di business. Il nostro sistema ora è molto più flessibile di prima, e presenta infinite possibilità di espansione. Anche il trasporto oceanico è tra i progetti ora, soprattutto per i clienti del Nord America".

Con le nuove opportunità offerte dal nuovo sistema alla Clarke Logistics per il futuro, possiamo aspettarci di vedere la compagnia evolversi dal semplice stato di IMC.
(da: Containerisation International, Novembre 2001)


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Danaos Corporation reports quarterly revenue growth of 4.7%.
Athens
The containership segment remains stable. Bulk carriers continue to contribute.
A bulk carrier hit by a shell in the Strait of Hormuz
Southampton/London
One crew member is reportedly missing.
This year, 800,000 cruise passengers are expected in Messina.
Messina
Passengers make a direct expenditure of almost 16 million euros in the city
Container traffic at the Port of New York grew by 1.6% in the second quarter
New York
In the first six months of 2026, 4.43 million TEUs were handled (+0.2%)
HZ Cargo and Railtrans form joint venture for intermodal transport
Zagreb
The aim is to activate a traffic of over 500 thousand tons between the ports of Croatia and the markets of Central Europe.
ICTSI posts record net income of $363 million (+24.2%) in the second quarter
Manila
Another GasLog vessel hit while leaving the Persian Gulf
Piraeus/Southampton
Damage to the engine room
Finnlines reports record quarterly revenues
Helsinki
In the April-June period, net profit was 42.9 million euros (+64.7%)
Spinelli Group approves 2025 sustainability report
Genoa
Production value grew by 5%. New hires increased by 48%.
Fabrizio Marilli will be the new secretary general of the Central Adriatic Sea Port Authority.
Ancona
The Management Committee has approved the institution's budget adjustment
The Western Ligurian Sea Port Authority has adopted the 2026-2028 Port Plan.
Genoa
Projections for 2028 indicate an increase of approximately 150 employees in the ports of the system
The Southern Tyrrhenian and Ionian Sea Port Authority has approved the budget adjustment change.
Gioia Tauro
It records higher revenues and higher expenses of 1.69 million euros
One and a half million euros for training in Tuscan ports
Livorno
The Northern Tyrrhenian Port Authority has presented its 2026-2028 training plan.
Terminali Italia will manage the Orte intermodal terminal starting next year.
Rome
It has approximately 96,000 square meters of yards and three tracks
Italy and Tunisia sign a collaboration agreement in the transport and logistics sector
Rome
Another Saudi-owned Bahri ship attacked by Houthis in the Red Sea
Southampton/Sana'a/Riyadh
Yemeni militants' spokesman claimed responsibility for the attack on the chemical tanker "NCC Ghazal"
The final breakthrough of the two main tunnels of the Brenner Base Tunnel was achieved today.
Bolzano
The two construction sites are connected approximately 1,400 meters below the Brenner Pass
UPS revenues increased 7.6% in the second quarter
Atlanta
Net profit amounted to $604 million (-52.9%)
In 2025, the revenues of the Italian logistics company Nord Ovest grew by +13.6%
Wedge
Net profit down 8.3%
Quarterly freight traffic increased at the ports of Algeciras and Barcelona. Valencia saw a decline.
Algeciras/Barcelona/
Valencia
Increase in containers at the Catalan port
Fincantieri signs agreement with NextGeo's reinvesting partners
Trieste
The operation is part of the development strategy in the diving segment
The update to the DPSS of the ports of Sardinia has been adopted.
Cagliari
Resolution of the Management Committee of the Port System Authority
ICTSI acquires the ATU12 and ATU18 bulk terminals at the Brazilian port of Aratu.
Sao Paulo/Manila
They will be sold by SIMPAR for approximately 355 million dollars
Konecranes reports decline in quarterly financial performance as orders increase
Helsinki
The value of orders relating to port equipment grew by +17%
Fourteen regions are in favor and five are against the bill on port governance reform.
Rome
Rixi: Let's now continue the institutional process with the aim of achieving a balanced reform.
Kuehne+Nagel's net sales increased by 8% in the second quarter.
Schindellegi
Performance improved markedly in the air freight segment
Assagenti's management team has been renewed.
Genoa
The composition of the executive committee and the chairmen of the commissions
DP World signs preliminary agreement to build two terminals at Fujairah Port
Dubai
VIO - Vado Ligure Interport Board of Directors Renewed
Genoa
Pierangelo Olivieri has been appointed president
Kalmar's turnover increased by 14% in the second quarter
Helsinki
New orders value stable
Saipem wins new offshore drilling contract off Ivory Coast
Milan
It was awarded by Eni Côte d'Ivoire
DSV's quarterly performance continues to grow, boosted by the Schenker acquisition.
Hedehusene
Net profit of DKK 2.6 billion (+11.5%) was recorded in the April-June period of 2026.
Falteri (Federlogistica) has been co-opted into the Board of the European Logistics Association
Genoa
International collaboration protocol on integrated logistics with ACLI Terra
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
The conference "EU-Mercosur Agreement: The Role of the Maritime Economy" will be held in Genoa on July 1st.
Genoa
It is organized by the Casa America ETS Foundation and the Western Liguria Port Authority
The Federagenti assembly will be held in Civitavecchia on July 3rd.
Rome
Pessina: We will not discuss regulations, community relations, or the pursuit of theories and bureaucracy, but rather the challenges of Italian port infrastructure.
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Empire buys back: After Tata, Adani can rewrite India's colonial past
(The Economic Times)
Govt does not interfere in port management appointments - Loke
(Bernama)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
GCC urges international community to protect maritime transport against Houthi threats
Riyadh
Reaction to the announcement of a maritime embargo against Saudi Arabia
Fincantieri signs agreement in Qatar for operational management of the Training and Simulation Centre.
Trieste
The center is intended for the training of naval personnel of the Qatari Navy.
Over 770 kilos of cocaine seized at the port of Vado Ligure
Savona
Once released on the market, the drug would have ensured criminal organizations profits of 250 million euros.
Wärtsilä records sharp increase in new order value in second quarter
Helsinki
Net turnover decreased by -2%
Yang Ming orders Hanwha Ocean to build six 13,000 TEU dual-fuel containerships
Keelung
Contract valued at over $1.2 billion
The toll of attacks on ships in the Black Sea worsens
Odessa
Ten dead on board a ship leaving the port of Odessa
Today a new attack on a ship in the Strait of Hormuz
Southampton
The product tanker Kavomaleas of the Greek company Dynacom Tankers Management caught fire
Confitarma disappointed by the Commission's proposal to revise the EU ETS
Rome
Zanetti: The notable absentee is the competitiveness of the Italian and European shipping industry.
ALIS: Commission's proposals on the EU ETS are positive, but serious issues remain.
Rome
MIT adopts cold ironing guidelines
Rome
The aim is to ensure clear, uniform and transparent criteria for all Port System Authorities.
In the first half of the year, cruise traffic at GPH port terminals grew by +10.1%
Istanbul
In the second quarter alone the increase was +2.8%
Western Liguria Port Authority approves 2026 budget update
Genoa
Assiterminal clarifies its doubts about the responsibilities assigned to Porti d'Italia Spa.
Genoa
ABB buys British Rotork
Zurich/London
The Bath-based company specializes in flow control and industrial automation.
Central Adriatic Port Authority refinances €100 million from the Infrastructure Decree
Ancona
The funds concern seven strategic interventions of the port system
Container traffic at the Port of Los Angeles increased by 3.4% in the first half of 2026.
Los Angeles
In the second quarter, growth was +11.5%
IMO and ITF call for an end to attacks on seafarers and transport workers
London
Resurgence of incidents in the Black Sea, Sea of Azov and the Strait of Hormuz region
Container traffic in the port of Hong Kong grew by 0.2% in the second quarter of 2026.
Hong Kong
An increase of +6.5% was recorded in June
Uiltrasporti is strongly opposed to the establishment of Porti d'Italia Spa
Rome
Verzari and Gulli: the AdSPs must be coordinated by a public body that can protect port workers
CMPort sets new monthly, quarterly and half-yearly container traffic records
Hong Kong
In the first half of 2026, 78.3 million were moved (+4.6%)
In the first half of this year, the port of Singapore handled 22.7 million containers (+4.7%)
Singapore
Historic record for half-year bunker sales
Container traffic at the Port of Long Beach increased by 10.3% in the second quarter.
Long Beach
Growth of +1.7% was recorded in the first half of 2026
The new board of directors of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane has been appointed.
Rome
Tommaso Tanzilli confirmed as president. Gianpiero Strisciuglio is the new CEO.
Port of Gioia Tauro: tender launched for completion of dredging activities
Gioia Tauro
The expected duration of the contract is 60 days
In the first half of 2026, cargo traffic in Turkish ports was 279.1 million tonnes (+1.5%)
Ankara
Cargoes with Italy alone amounted to 23.4 million tons (-2.5%)
The first steel cutting of the Carnival Destiny cruise ship.
Monfalcone
Fincantieri and Carnival celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of their collaboration
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