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03 May 2024 - Year XXVIII
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXI - Number 10/2003 - OCTOBER 2003

Trasporto ferroviario

Il futuro della Transiberiana

La Ferrovia Transiberiana, che rappresenta senza dubbio uno dei maggiori trionfi dell'ingegneria umana, in questo momento occupa un posto centrale nella psiche della Russia moderna. L'Unione Sovietica era stata costruita per mezzo degli ingenti quantitativi di materiali e carichi trasportati lungo la padella piatta della steppa siberiana. La Transiberiana viene ora considerata come un mezzo per porre la Russia al centro di un sistema globale di trasporto containerizzato.

Essa viene pubblicizzata come un'alternativa concorrenziale alla rotta marittima dall'Asia all'Europa via canale di Suez, sebbene i critici sostengano che essa è sempre stata promossa come tale, con poco successo in apparenza. Ciononostante, sembra che adesso vengano trasportati volumi sempre maggiori di containers.

L'operatore ferroviario finlandese VR Cargo ha movimentato 52.000 TEU di attività transiberiana nel 2002, mentre nei primi cinque mesi di quest'anno ne ha trasportati 33.000 TEU e si aspetta di raggiungere gli 80.000 TEU entro la fine dell'anno. Allo stesso modo, la TSES (Trans Siberian Express Service), con sede a Mosca, che movimenta la maggior parte del traffico transiberiano della Maersk Sealand, lo scorso anno ha fatto registrare poco più di 45.000 TEU, e si aspetta di toccare i 60.000 TEU quest'anno.

Gli incrementi sono dovuti ad una varietà di ragioni, e non solo all'attrattiva esercitata da questo collegamento. La guerra in Iraq ha certamente svolto un ruolo in tutto ciò, dal momento che i caricatori sono stati recalcitranti ad accettare i sovrapprezzi legati ai rischi di guerra nonché la possibile interruzione delle catene delle forniture, secondo la linea di navigazione russa FESCO (Far Eastern Shipping Company). Essa nel primo trimestre dell'anno ha visto balzare in alto del 175%, rispetto allo stesso periodo del 2002, i volumi provenienti dai porti asiatici e diretti alle infrastrutture containerizzate del Pacifico russo, fino a raggiungere i 18.320 TEU.

Tre treni-blocco al giorno partono dall'importante porto containerizzato di Vostochny, nel lontano est russo, ed il ministero russo delle ferrovie ha in programma di aggiungerne un quarto. Il vice ministro delle ferrovie Khaysan Zyabirov ha altresì annunciato che il ministero ha in programma il riequipaggiamento di 2.000 carri-pianale multiruolo destinati al puro trasporto di contenitori. Allo stesso tempo, l'operatore intermodale europeo ICF (Intercontainer-Interfrigo) ha recentemente dato inizio ad una serie di spedizioni di prova di pneumatici d'auto alla volta di Duisburg.

Senza dubbio, gli operatori ferroviari sono entusiasti del potenziale della Transiberiana, e tutti quanti additano la crescita dei volumi quale prova del fatto che essi stanno convincendo sempre più i clienti. Timo Mantylia, dirigente addetto al prodotto della VR Cargo, spiega: "L'atteggiamento dei caricatori e degli spedizionieri è assai positivo, specialmente ora con i caricatori finlandesi. Anche la Cina è in crescita, solo i giapponesi esitano ad incrementare i propri volumi. I tempi di viaggio sono il vantaggio principale - 17 giorni da Busan alla Finlandia, e 20 giorni da Shanghai - ed i tempi di viaggio in Russia sono molto affidabili".

Si concorda generalmente sul fatto che i tempi di viaggio siano affidabili. Tuttavia, il rappresentante di un vettore marittimo a Mosca ha identificato un ostacolo nello sviluppo del traffico ferroviario transiberiano, diverso da quello delle normali preoccupazioni circa la sicurezza dei carichi: "Il grande problema con la Transiberiana non è correlato alla tratta ferroviaria, bensì al costo del servizio di raccordo da Vostochmy a Busan. La Fesco pratica la tariffa di 670 dollari USA per contenitore da 20 piedi. Al momento, il costo di un 20 piedi da San Pietroburgo al Giappone che viaggia sempre per mare è di 740 dollari USA. Di modo che, ci sono solamente meno di 70 dollari di differenza tra il costo di trasbordo a Busan ed il feeder da lì al Giappone". Attualmente, l'80% del traffico di transito in direzione ovest sulla Transiberiana ha origine in Corea del Sud, mentre il 15% viene dalla Cina ed un semplice 5% dal Giappone.

Vi è un notevole squilibrio di traffico sulla Transiberiana, a dispetto dell'entusiasmo dei caricatori finlandesi. Il direttore della VICS (Vostochny International Container Services), Michael Frydrych, ha dichiarato che il 20% dei loro risultati annui è costituito da vuoti in direzione est. Nel 2002, la VICS ha movimentato complessivamente 133.804 TEU, con un incremento del 48% rispetto al 2001, e si aspetta di raggiungere i 150.000 TEU quest'anno.

Tuttavia, la grande maggioranza di esportazioni russe è costituita da carichi alla rinfusa, e, tra quelli che cono containerizzati, Vostochny ne movimenta solo il 10%., il che la pone alla mercé dei traffici di transito. In effetti, l'80% dei suoi box sono destinati alla Transiberiana. Frydrych commenta: "I livelli di servizio degli operatori ferroviari sono molto più elevati al momento, ma se essi fossero stati più flessibili e competitivi, si sarebbe riusciti ad attirare un numero maggiore di clienti". Tuttavia, egli ha aggiunto che un recente marginale incremento delle tariffe ferroviarie non ha avuto effetti sui volumi.

Ciononostante, esistono preoccupazioni sul fatto che i prezzi potrebbero salire notevolmente nei prossimi anni in seguito all'approvazione del programma di riforma ferroviaria da parte del governo russo - una delle grandi saghe di privatizzazione dell'era moderna - che è attualmente in fase di elaborazione. L'intenzione è quella di privatizzare il materiale rotabile e di creare la RRC (Società Ferrovie Russe) allo scopo di controllare l'infrastruttura. Nelle more, sembra che la RRC sia destinata ad esercitare il controllo su tutto quanto sino a quando non saranno state costituite le società ferroviarie regionali.

Oltre al mastodontico compito consistente nello smantellamento del gigantesco Ministero delle Ferrovie - non esiste neanche un registro completo dei suoi beni - la realizzazione di un monopolio privatizzato potrebbe far sì che gli operatori privati siano assoggettati ad una notevole pressione. Un recente rapporto della KPMG stima che entro il 2006 il 50% delle merci russe possa essere trasportato da operatori privati, ma che la maggiore concorrenza non comporterà necessariamente un calo dei prezzi.

Una nuova lista dei prezzi pubblicata dal Ministero delle Ferrovie distingue il costo delle infrastrutture da quello del trasporto, ed i dirigenti affermano che quest'ultimo rappresenterà solamente il 15% del costo complessivo. La KPMG, peraltro, ha concluso che esso potrebbe arrivare al 35%, lasciando agli operatori la scelta di trasportare merci in perdita ovvero a prezzi maggiori.

Tuttavia, vi è ancora molta strada da fare, e la Camera russa di Revisione dei Conti ha fatto recentemente irruzione nel dibattito dopo aver pubblicato un rapporto in cui si criticava aspramente i piani del Ministero delle Ferrovie. Nulla di tutto ciò ha fermato quello che potrebbe costituire uno dei più ambiziosi progetti ferroviari di sempre: il programmato collegamento che, passando attraverso la Corea del Nord, connetterà direttamente la Transiberiana con Busan.

A dispetto dei persistenti intrighi politici, le due Coree a giugno si sono formalmente accordati nel senso di collegare le proprie reti ferroviarie attraverso la zona smilitarizzata che separa i loro confini. Se il progetto da 3,3 miliardi di dollari dovesse giungere a completamento, le tratta di raccordo da Busan diverrebbe superflua. Ciò potrebbe significare un calo del costo del trasporto, dal momento che la Transiberiana diverrebbe in grado di competere per conto proprio. Allo stesso tempo, la durata del viaggio da Busan all'Europa Occidentale si ridurrebbe da 14 a 12 giorni. Non vi è ancora un orario ben definito, ma la ferrovia Transiberiana potrebbe davvero diventare nota come la Ferrovia Transiberiana Transcoreana.
(da: Containerisation International, settembre 2003)




FROM THE HOME PAGE
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London
The consortium led by GPH has been selected as a preferential bidder for the Casablanca cruise terminal
In the first quarter of 2024, Maersk Group revenues fell by -13.0% percent.
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7.0% increase in the operating costs of containerized shipping
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings scores record results for first quarter
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Miami
Also recorded is the highest level of bookings ever
In the first three months of this year, Chinese ports have handled 76.7 million containers (+ 10.0%)
Beijing
The overall traffic of goods with foreign has grown by 9.5%
Le Aziende informano
Protocollo d'intesa tra l'Autorità di Sistema Portuale del Mare di Sicilia Occidentale e l'Escola Europea di Intermodal Transport
Of the 80 billion needed investment in EU ports in the next decade, a relevant quota is for the energy transition
Brussels
Indispensable public funding in order to be able to implement planned projects
In the first three months of 2024, China's COSCO Shipowners Group Revenues rose again.
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Shanghai
In sensitive growth (+ 10.5%) containerized cargoes carried by the fleet with the exception of those on the Asia-Europe route (-9.2%)
In resumption of container traffic in the terminals of Eurogate-Contship Italia in the last quarter of 2023
In resumption of container traffic in the terminals of Eurogate-Contship Italia in the last quarter of 2023
Hamburg
Decline in eventful volumes in Germany. Growth in Italy and activity records in Tanger terminals Med and Limassol
In the first three months of 2024, container traffic handled by COSCO Shipping Ports increased by 9.2%
Hong Kong
Revenue up 1.4%
ECSA, well the EU production target of 40% relatively to clean fuel for shipping
Brussels
Raptis : We will work to ensure that this benchmark translates into immediate actions
Port Marghera, okay to renewal of concession at Terminal Intermodal Venice
Venice
It will expire in 2050. Approved the 2023 budget of the AdSP of the Northern Adriatic
In the first quarter of 2024 container traffic in the port terminals of China's CMPort grew by 9.0%
Hong Kong
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Miami
Historic record of passengers embarked. Spike in economic performance for the period. Liberty : The one in progress is the best wave season in history
In the third quarter of 2023 the traffic in goods in EU ports decreased by -6.5%
Luxembourg
The loads at landing and boarding dropped by -7.2% and -5.4%, respectively.
The performance of Bureau Veritas in the shipping and offshore sector is growing.
Paris
Record of order book and fleet value in class
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the AdSP of the Northern Tirreno Sea
Livorno
Last year the number of port workers in Livorno and Piombino decreased by 46 units by falling to 1,767, of which 1,499 were operating (1,632 in 2022) and 268 administrative (181)
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
Oslo
The proposal, worth about 653 million euros, was accepted by the Board of the Norwegian company and its main shareholders.
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the varo of the Norwegian cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the launch of the cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
Trieste / Miami
It is 322 meters long and has a gross tonnage of 156,300 tons
Paolo Guidi has been named general manager of CMA CGM Italy
Marseille
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
Hamburg
Its network connects ports in Hamburg, Antwerp, Bremerhaven, Koper, Rotterdam and Trieste.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Schindellegi
In growth the handling of volumes of sea and air shipments
ESPO points out issues to be addressed in order to enable European ports to face the next challenges
Brussels
Memorandum in view of the European elections in June
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
Barcelona
As of March 2024, 348mila teu (+ 34.3%) were handled, of which 154mila in transshipment (+ 63.9%) and 194mila in import-export (+ 17.4%)
Fincantieri has delivered the new cruise ship Queen Anne to Cunard
Monfalcone
Concordate with Princess Cruises the postponement of the delivery of the Star Princess
International shipping associations call for help at U.N. to protect shipping
London
Solicited a greater military presence, missions and patrols. The world-they write in a letter to Guterres-would be outraged if four airliners were seized.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
The Cairo
Net tonnage of the naviglio down -59.8% percent. Drastic reduction of -53% of the value of transit fees
The World Shipping Council points to the EU the way to support the economy and trade
Brussels
Butler : We urge the Union to work together with us to safeguard a sustainable, competitive and safe maritime sector
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
Brønnøysund / Gursken
Order of Torghatten company at the shipyard Myklebust
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent.  Increase of containers
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Rotterdam
Strong increase (+ 29.0%) of feeder ships departing from the Dutch stopover to the Mediterranean ports
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St. Petersburg
Drastic reduction of passenger traffic in the Crimean port scans
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Brussels
Round table with representatives of the institutions of the European Union
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Anverse
On the increase the containers. Decrease in other loads. Belgian, Dutch and German ports urge European governments to ensure that industries remain in Europe
Decision to drop -15.1% percent of goods in the port of Taranto in the first quarter
Taranto
The loads at the landing decreased by -21.0% and those at the embarkation of -8.7%
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Padova
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Safaga
Ten naval units will be carried out for Suez Canal Authority
New Italy-Libya-Egypt service of Tarros and Messina
The Spezia / Genoa
It will be inaugurated in mid-June and made with two ships
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Venice
Hannibal plans to activate a rail link between Italy, Hungary and Romania
Melzo
Two weekly rotations will be inaugurated by the end of 2024.
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the Central Tirreno's AdSP
Naples
Annunziata : the coming years, fundamentals to finalise the European investment of the PNRR
Sensitive increase in the production and sale of CIMC dry boxes
Hong Kong
Chinese firm responds to growth in demand
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the AdSP of the South Tyrrhenic and Ionian
Joy Tauro
May 6 meeting at MIT on the future of the Gioia Tauro Port Agency
The 2023 budget of the East Ligure Sea AdSP shows a primary surplus of six million
The Spezia
In the year new investments of around 17 million euros
Cargotec's quarterly net profit to 81.2 million (+ 11.8%)
Helsinki
In the first three months of 2024, revenues fell by -1.7% percent.
The negative trend of the economic performance of the ONE continues, less marked.
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Singapore
In the first three months of 2024 the goods in containers carried by the fleet increased by 15.6%
The Genovese Messina has taken delivery of the largest ship in its fleet
Genoa
The "Jolly Verde" is a 6,300-teu container ship
The inclusion of the Civitavecchia port in the Core network of the TEN-T network is final.
Cyvitavecchia
On Wednesday the OK of the European Parliament
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Vienna
Revenue in decline of -1.8%
Sustained quarterly growth of new orders acquired by Wärtsilä
Helsinki
In the first three months of this year, the group's revenues fell by -9.8% percent.
DIS orders two more new tankers LR1
Luxamburgo
New commits at the Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co.
An MSC container ship targeted with missiles and drones in the Gulf of Aden
San'a ' /Portsmouth
No damage to the ship and crew
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the Central Adriatic AdSP
Ancona
In the first quarter of 2024 the orders of port means produced by Konecranes fell by -51.6%
Hyvinkää
Grimaldi has taken delivery of the multipurpose ro-ro Great Abidjan
Naples
It is the fourth of six class ships "G5"
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
Baltimore attributes to owner and operator of the ship Dali the blame for the collapse of the Key Bridge
Baltimore
They would have been established dysfunction to the power supply on board that would cause a blackout
Grimaldi and IMAT have renewed the five-year agreement for the training of crews
Castel Volturno
Focus on new technologies installed on board ships
The quarterly economic performance of DSV is still declining
Hedehusene
In the first quarter of this year, the value of net profit decreased by -27.2%
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the AdSP of the Sardinia Sea
Cagliari
An administration surplus of 530 million euros, of which more than 475 tied for works in progress
US imports of dangerous goods have been penalized during the pandemic.
Washington
Survey by the Government Accountability Office
In 2023 CEPIM-Parma's Interport recorded a growth of 6.8% of the value of production
Bianconese of Fontevivo
Net profit di788mila euro (+ 223.2%)
In the first quarter of 2024, UPS Group revenues fell by -5.3%
Atlanta
Net profit down -41.3%
Grendi has perfected the purchase of the ship Wedellsborg
Milan
It will be renamed with the name of "Grenching Futura"
Grimaldi consolidates its presence in China with new headquarters in Shanghai
Naples / Shanghai
Inaugurates the offices of the Grimaldi Shipping Agency Shanghai
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the Western Ligure Sea AdSP
Genoa
The new endowment of the institution's organic plant provides for 50 hires, including three managerial positions
First plant for the distribution of LNG and GNC to vehicles in the port of La Spezia
The Spezia
It has been installed in Stagnoni locations
Agreement between MSC, MSC Foundation and Mercy Ships for the construction of a new hospital ship
Geneva / Lindale
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
Agreement Assshipowners-ITS Academy G. Caboto for training in the maritime, port and logistics sectors
Rome
In the first quarter of 2024, the port of Algeciras handled 1.2 million containers (+ 8.1%)
Algeciras
The traffic in overall goods increased by 3.3%
In the first three months of this year in Valencia, container port traffic grew by 12.1% percent.
Valencia
In March, the increase was 15.7% percent.
The Spezia and Carrara try to break down the bell towers and solicit cooperation at the ports of Genoa and Savona
The Spezia
Switzerland and Switzerland cut trade between Italy and Switzerland.
Bern
In the first three months of the 2024 decline in Swiss exports. Stable imports
Port of Naples, striking of the fast ferry Island of Procida against a quay
Naples
About thirty minor injuries among passengers
Summoned for April 23 a meeting at MIT on former TCT port workers
Taranto
The unions had requested clarification on the future of the 330 members of the Taranto Port Workers Agency.
The outer Levant dock of the Arbatax port has returned fully operational
Cagliari
In August 2020 he had been shouted by the ferry "Bithia"
The Port of Los Angeles closed the first quarter with a 29.6% percent growth in container traffic
Los Angeles
Expected a continuation of the positive trend
Stable the value of ABB's revenues in the first quarter
Zurich
The new orders are down -5.0% percent. At the end of July Rosengren will leave the CEO position in Wierod
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
On April 11, the sixth edition of the "Italian Port Days" will begin.
Rome
Also this year the project has been divided into two sessions : the first in the spring and the second from September 20 to October 20
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Iran says MSC Aries vessel seized for 'violating maritime laws'
(Reuters)
Le transport maritime national navigue à vue
(Aujourd'hui Le Maroc)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Relazione del presidente Mario Mattioli
Roma, 27 ottobre 2023
››› File
The crisis of the Cooperative Sole Workers of Porto Flavio Gioia officialized at institutions and trade unions
Salerno
USB Mare and Porti, what's going on in the port of Salerno is the result of pressure from shipowners
Euronav sells its own ship management company to Anglo-Eastern
Antwerp / Hong Kong
Manages the fleet of tanker ships of the Antwerp company
Genoa Shipbuilding Industries has acquired a submersible barge of the cargo capacity of 14,000 tonnes
Genoa
It can also be employed as a floating basin for the varo of artifacts up to 9,800 tons
Venice Cold Stores & Logistics obtains the qualification of tax warehouse for wines and sparkling
Venice
Extension of the services offered to companies in the wine sector
Gasparate urges to exempt property of interports from payment of the Imu
Nola
President of the Union Interports Reunited warned that with the PNRR construction sites the railway intermodality is at risk
Hapag-Lloyd plans future investments to expand business in the terminal and intermode sectors
Hamburg
Among the markets, the company focuses attention on Africa, India, Southeast Asia and the Pacific
Set up a consortium to decarbonize transport on the northern Pacific route
Vancouver
It is formed by nine companies and entities and is open to other partners
In the first quarter of this year, container traffic in the port of Long Beach increased by 16.4%
Long Beach
In March, the increase was 8.3% percent.
Delivery of the work of consolidation of the foranea dam of the port of Catania
Catania
Procurement of the value of 75 million euros
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