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15 September 2025 - Year XXIX
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXII - Number 6/2004 - JUNE 2004

Progresso e tecnologia

Nuove ro-ro ad alta velocità

Secondo la società di progettazione navale BMT Nigel Gee and Associates, con sede a Southampton, le strade europee, assai congestionate, faranno sì che il continente batta sul tempo il resto del mondo in relazione all'introduzione di navi ro-ro più veloci dell'ultima generazione.

"Ritengo che assisteremo alla comparsa di un sacco di navi ro-ro in più in Europa" afferma Nigel Gee. "Ci sono numeri evidenti di fronte a noi. Quello più importante ci conferma che, a meno che non vi siano clamorosi cambiamenti, avremo il 50% in più di traffico merci sulle strade dell'Europa nel giro dei prossimi 10 anni di tempo".

A parte la pressione da congestionamento sulle strade europee, vi sono certe rotte - come quella dalla Spagna all'Italia - che a giudizio di molti operatori del trasporto possono essere meglio servite dalle ro-ro, e quindi hanno cominciato ad essere introdotte nuove navi e nuovi servizi.

Gee afferma che la questione in ordine alla necessità che queste navi siano veloci o meno è strettamente correlata alla lunghezza del viaggio ed agli orari. Aggiunge poi che tutte le linee vorrebbero orari razionali e che la BMT, una consociata della British Maritime Technology, ha scoperto un certo numero di operatori cui piacerebbe di riuscire a coprire 640-800 km al giorno.

Ciò comporta l'esigenza di navi che corrano a più di 35 nodi, cosa secondo la società di consulenza impossibile con una nave convenzionale monoscafo.

"Se si prende una ro-ro convenzionale di 120-150 metri e si prova a farla andare ad oltre 27-28 nodi, il consumo di carburante va fuori scala" dice Gee.

L'idea che debba esservi un modo migliore per far sì che una nave vada più veloce, è ciò che ha indotto la società a sviluppare il suo lungo e sottile scafo Pentamaran, in grado di sostenere velocità superiori a 40 nodi, aggiunge.

La concezione Pentamaran, per la quale uno scafo slanciato viene stabilizzato da due paia di strutture laterali del tipo a pinna, realizza un'ampia area per il trasporto dei carichi per gran parte della lunghezza della nave.

Essa promette altresì buone proprietà di tenuta del mare ed il mantenimento della velocità in altomare ed in condizioni difficili, quali quelle sperimentate in zone come la Baia di Biscaglia.

"Si tratta di una scienza molto semplice: non vi è assolutamente dubbio che, se si vuole andare più veloci, allora lungo e sottile è la risposta" afferma Gee.

Ma ogni nuova nave deve invece tenere bassi i costi sia di acquisto che operativi, afferma Gee, sostenendo poi che i bassi costi di acquisto si conseguono utilizzando uno scafo convenzionale di acciaio, mentre quelli operativi si tengono bassi bruciando carburante denso.

Secondo Gee, molte delle alternative di trasporto merci veloce si basano sugli attuali modelli di traghetti di auto veloci. Questo tipo di nave non presenta una stazza lorda molto elevata e presenta altresì costi operativi elevati, dal momento che tendono ad utilizzare per la propulsione turbine sia diesel per alte velocità sia a gas, afferma.

"La lezione da apprendere è che una progettualità non decollerà mai se il costo è troppo alto", dichiara Gee, il quale ammette che l'industria della marina mercantile è molto conservatrice e che il cambiamento relativo alle grandi navi è stato lento.

Ciononostante, la BMT Nigel Gee ha parlato con diversi dei principali operatori ro-ro e ro-pax d'Europa in ordine alla possibilità di introdurre le proprie navi veloci e ha ricevuto un'accoglienza assai favorevole.

Gee afferma che essi credono in tale progettualità ma ha aggiunto che nessuna delle parti interessate vorrebbe essere la prima a procedere all'acquisto di una nave. "Un sacco di gente ci ha detto: "quando ne avrete costruito una, verremo a provarla". Stando alle mie esperienze, si tratta di un problema comune a qualsiasi cosa nuova, ma noi speriamo di convertire presto l'interesse in vendite".

Allo scopo di tenere bassi i costi di costruzione, Gee suggerisce che gli armatori cerchino di costruire le proprie nuove flotte veloci in Europa Orientale e in Estremo Oriente: entrambe le zone sono in grado di eseguire lavori in acciaio di qualità molto alta.

"Se si devono costruire navi molto complesse, quali le ro-pax o i traghetti da crociera, occorre rivolgersi ad uno dei ben noti principali cantieri europei. Ma una ro-ro o una portacontainers sono navi molto semplici".

Pertanto, come fa la società di consulenza a sapere che le proprie ro-ro veloci funzionano?

Come accade per tutte le nuove navi, la società effettua un sacco di analisi numeriche e poi si serve della vasca di collaudo per diverse settimane con un modello a relativamente grande scala (lungo 7,6 metri e pesante oltre una tonnellata) al fine di condurre test di resistenza, autopropulsione e manovra.

Allo scopo di conseguire uno spettro operativo completo, essa espleta i collaudi rispetto a varie condizioni di mare, secondo una gamma di velocità ed in relazione a diverse condizioni di carico.

Il passo finale è quello di passare dall'analisi e dal modello ad una nave a scala piena.

In Europa ci sono parecchie navi monoscafo da 27 o 28 navi, mentre in Giappone ve ne sono alcune che operano in certi traffici a circa 31 nodi.

"In realtà, non vi sono grossi rischi nel realizzare ciò che stiamo suggerendo, cioè la costruzione di una nave da 35 nodi, se si parte dal presupposto di avere condotto rigorose analisi ed un serio collaudo in vasca" afferma Gee.

Il primo dei due traghetti veloci progettati da Nigel Gee per la Alaska Marine Highways System ha iniziato le operazioni ad aprile.

In grado di trasportare 250 passeggeri e 35 auto - ovvero una combinazione di merci e di auto - le nuove navi di alluminio dispongono di una velocità massima di 38 nodi, sebbene nelle prove si sia ottenuta una velocità di oltre 42 nodi.

Il primo traghetto di questo tipo è in servizio sulla rotta Juneau/Sitka di 216 km, mentre il secondo, attualmente in costruzione, sarà introdotto sulla rotta Cordova/Valdez alla fine dell'anno.

Entrambe le navi sono state costruite presso i cantieri navali Derecktor di Bridgeport, nello stato statunitense del Connecticut; si tratta dei primi traghetti veloci di veicoli costruiti negli U.S.A.

Gee è molto fiero di aver ottenuto questo contratto, specialmente perché esso è stato conseguito nei confronti di una concorrenza durissima.

C'è un certo numero di imprese che sono specializzate in naviglio ad alta velocità, ma quasi tutte sono al servizio di un settore specifico del mercato.

Gee afferma che, al momento della costituzione della sua società nel 1986, lo aveva fatto sul presupposto che si sarebbe trattato di una ditta dedita alla progettazione di unità ad alta velocità che, come tale, avrebbe tenuto conto delle esigenze dell'operatore e gli avrebbe procurato le migliori soluzioni.

A differenza di molti dei suoi rivali, Nigel Gee non ha alcun legame di partecipazione azionaria con qualche cantiere navale in particolare. Il gruppo BMT, che ha acquisito la società di consulenza alcuni anni fa, conservandone però la denominazione, si tiene cara la sua indipendenza.

Gee ritiene che i mercati dei traghetti passeggeri e per auto siano prossimi al punto di saturazione, con l'eccezione di qualche opportunità nei mercati di nicchia, ma egli ravvede un potenziale per una nave veloce appropriata in grado di trasportare un gran numero di camion.

"Non c'è, al riguardo, un mercato con una sua tradizione, perché non c'era nessuno in grado di realizzarlo, mentre io sono convinto che un mercato di questo tipo possa esistere. E' un po' come andare indietro di 10 anni, quando la Incat aveva fatto da pioniere con il suo catamarano d'alluminio da 74 metri, che trasportava automobili. Nessuno ne aveva mai sentito parlare, ma, appena uscito dal tavolo da disegno, riuscirono a venderne sei alla Sea Containers. E, appena la gente comprese che era possibile, assistemmo all'entrata in operatività di 130 traghetti veloci per auto nel giro di un decennio.

"Ho pensato che la stessa cosa stia per accadere con i trasporti veloci di merce. La domanda c'è, e noi dobbiamo essere così bravi da mostrare che siamo in grado di fornire le navi.

Ci vuole solo che un'impresa faccia il primo passo, e poi dovrebbe conseguirne un effetto domino. Deve trattarsi di un'attività che piace ai pionieri" aggiunge.

Nel frattempo, la BMT Nigel Gee sta progettando una nave ro-pax molto grande e molto veloce - basata sul suo scafo Pentamaran - che trasporterà 150 camion a 42 nodi lungo la costa orientale degli Stati Uniti.

Gee dichiara che si tratta di un grosso lavoro per la società e che esso al momento attuale è alla fase del modello in vasca. Si dovrebbe riuscire ad avere il progetto completo attorno a settembre.

La Seabridge vorrebbe che la nave operasse dal New England alla Florida al fine di alleviare il congestionamento camionistico sulle autostrade interstatali.

La nave potrebbe accogliere qualcosa come 155 semirimorchi da 30 tonnellate su due ponti, assicurando da 1.400 a 1.500 posti per passeggeri.

Con i suoi 300 metri, il Seabridge è il più lungo dei progetti BMT Pentamaran annunciato finora.

Quanto ai ro-ro veloci a lungo raggio, Gee ritiene che potrebbero anche esserci un giorno, ma al momento pensa che i servizi veloci a corto raggio rappresentino il primo caposaldo, seguito dai servizi veloci per containers.

Questo, però, non vuol dire che i giganti specializzati nel trasporto di automobili non stiano introducendo nuove navi.

La (MOL) Mitsui OSK Lines, ad esempio, ha fatto registrare ad aprile presso l'Ufficio Brevetti Giapponese un nuovo progetto finalizzato alla riduzione della resistenza al vento per i vettori di auto puri (PCCs).

La compagnia di navigazione afferma che la forma dei vettori di auto convenzionali li rende "molto suscettibili" all'azione del vento, il che causa lo scarroccio, cioè una deriva laterale della nave.

Le principali caratteristiche del nuovo progetto, sviluppato unitamente alla Universal Shipbuilding, sono:

  • la prua della nave è aerodinamicamente arrotondata e smussata lungo la linea di prora per ridurre la pressione controvento;
  • il ponte superiore ha uno spazio di carico, denominato ponte garage, al fine di massimizzare la capacità di carico. La nave dispone altresì di diversi livelli, con sezioni d'angolo squadrate lungo le fiancate della nave in cima al ponte garage, che contribuiscono ad alleviare la pressione del vento laterale;
  • il progetto riduce effettivamente lo scarroccio dovuto alla pressione del vento. Di conseguenza, ne risultano migliorati il consumo di carburante e la velocità, mentre vengono ridotte le emissioni del motore.

Fino ad oggi, la MOL ha lanciato sei PCCs che prevedono questa nuova progettualità. La Corageous Ace, varata a marzo del 2003, è stata la prima della serie.
(da: International Freighting Weekly, 24 maggio 2004)




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Tangier/Casablanca
In Tanger Med the growth was +17%
The board of directors of the Genoa-based Ente Bacini has been renewed.
Genoa
President Alessandro Arvigo and CEO Maurizio Anselmo
In the second quarter, sales of dry containers produced by CIMC fell by -33%.
Hong Kong
Reefer boats increase by 57%
The Grimaldi Group has taken delivery of the Grande Shanghai
Naples
It will be used for the transport of vehicles between East Asia and Northern Europe
Chinese automaker FAW ships components to Europe by train
Changchun
Transit time reduced to 18 days compared to 45 days for maritime transport
The ART urges to verify that the investment plan and the related amortization period are consistent with the duration of the port concessions.
Turin
Opinions regarding the concession extensions requested by the Neapolitan companies So.Te.Co. and Co.Na.Te.Co.
The assets and fleet of the Spanish Armas Trasmediterránea will be sold to Baleària and DFDS
Las Palmas/Dénia/Copenhagen
Two agreements worth €215 million and €40 million respectively have been signed.
Italian State Railways (FS), investing €70 million to install the ERTMS system.
Rome
Work has been completed on 382 Trenitalia trains, while the retrofitting of 60 locomotives from Mercitalia Rail, an FS Logistix company, is underway.
MPC Container Ships' quarterly revenue returns to growth
The second quarter of 2025 was closed with a net profit of 78.1 million dollars (+20.5%)
Plans to build two container customs areas north and south of the Suez Canal
Cairo
Fourteen of the 48 abandoned shipwrecks in Catania port have been removed.
Catania
The activity will be replicated in the port of Augusta
The Regional Administrative Court (TAR) has confirmed the validity of the tender for the new Ravano Terminal in the port of La Spezia.
La Spezia
DP World's port terminals handled record quarterly container traffic
Dubai
Revenues grew by 22.2% in the first half of 2025
In the quarter April-June the volume of rolling stock transported by Höegh Autoliners increased by +9.0%
Oslo
Sharp increase (+46.6%) of vehicles from Asia
South Korea's HD Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering acquires Vietnam's Doosan Enerbility
Seongnam
It manages an industrial area with its own port facility
Container traffic in the port of Algeciras grew by 6.6% in July
Algeciras
In the first seven months of 2025, a decrease of -2.9% was recorded
In July, the port of Valencia handled 488,000 containers (+6.7%)
Valencia
Increase driven by growth in empty containers
Salvini has appointed Annalisa Tardino as extraordinary commissioner of the Western Sicilian Sea Port Authority.
Rome/Palermo
The President of the Sicilian Region announces the appeal against the provision
The materials dredged in the ports of La Spezia and Carrara will be used for the construction of the new breakwater in Genoa.
Genoa/La Spezia
Agreement between the two Ligurian Port System Authorities
X-Press Feeders denounces authorities' failure to acknowledge responsibility in the X-Press Pearl accident
Singapore
According to the company, the Supreme Court ruling ignores international maritime law
Cargo traffic in Russian ports remained stable in July
St. Petersburg
In the first seven months of 2025, loads decreased by -4.6%
Container traffic in the port of Hong Kong decreased by -6.5% in July
Hong Kong
A decline of -3.7% was recorded in the first seven months of 2025
In July, the Port of Singapore set a new all-time record for monthly container traffic with 3.9 million TEUs.
Singapore
In terms of weight, containerized cargo decreased by -3.6%
Compensation to be paid by the Civitavecchia Port Authority in the Fincosit case has been set at €1.5 million.
Civitavecchia
Latrofa: The ruling allows the release of set-aside sums that have frozen the budget for years.
Germany's HHLA posts record quarterly revenue
Hamburg
In the second quarter, the group's port terminals handled 3.2 million containers (+7.9%)
In the first half of 2025, CK Hutchison's port terminals handled 44 million containers (+4.0%)
Hong Kong
In the quarter April-June the Wallenius Wilhelmsen fleet transported 14.8 million cubic meters of rolling stock (-0.5%)
Lysaker
Revenues down by -0.7%
In the second quarter, Montenegro's ports handled 670 thousand tons of goods (+0.6%)
Podgorica
Volumes with Italy amounted to 154 thousand tons (+53.1%)
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Conference: "Waiting and Delays in Road Transport: Logistics in Check"
Genoa
Organized by Trasportounito, it will be held on September 26th in Genoa
The conference "EU ETS - Perspectives and Opportunities for Decarbonization in the Maritime Sector" will be held in Palermo.
Rome
It will be held on September 18th and 19th
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Korean Firms Reassess U.S. Investments After Mass Immigration Raid
(The Korea Bizwire)
Russia's infrastructure development plan aims to build 17 marine terminals by 2036
(Interfax)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
With the arrival of the first container ship, the testing of operational procedures at the Rijeka Gateway begins.
The Hague
The first commercial ship is expected on September 12th
A proposal to bring the port of Taranto back onto global container routes? Start a discussion table.
Taranto
Meeting on the status of freight traffic
Port of Ancona: Tender for demolition of fire-damaged Tubimar warehouses
Ancona
The expected duration of the works is four and a half months
Merger of the German MACS and Hugo Stinnes, both active in the MPP vessel segment
Hamburg/Rostock
Stinnes headquarters in Rostock to close by December 31
In the second quarter, freight traffic in Albanian ports grew by +2.9%
Tirana
There were 331 thousand passengers (+13.6%)
A.SPE.DO, operationalizing the Smart Terminal to increase the competitiveness of the port of La Spezia.
La Spezia
ING loans to Premuda for over 100 million dollars
Milan
Funds for the management buyout and the purchase of two product tankers
Sallaum Lines has taken delivery of the first of six Ocean-class dual-fuel PCTCs
Rotterdam
The ship was completed four months ahead of schedule
First meeting of the new Management Committee of the Western Ligurian Sea Port Authority
Genoa
Several measures approved, including those for CULMV and CULP staff
Euroports to operate a new liquid bulk terminal in the French port of Port-La Nouvelle
Beveren-Kruibeke-Zwijndrecht
It is expected to become operational in 2026
In the second quarter, freight traffic in the port of Ravenna increased by +2.6%
Ravenna
Growth of 0.6% was recorded in June. An increase of 4.8% is expected in July.
OsserMare presents five reports on the marine economy
Rome
They focus on a specific sector supply chain or aspect of it
Port of Naples: Road haulage operations resume
Naples
Resolution meeting between institutions, operators and trade associations
ICTSI again reports record quarterly financial and operating results
Manila
Global Ship Lease Reports Record Quarterly Revenue
Athens
In the April-June period, net profit was 95.4 million dollars (+8.4%)
Vard receives new order from North Star for two hybrid SOVs
Trieste
Contract worth between 100 and 200 million euros
The Panama Shipping Registry will no longer accept the registration of oil tankers and bulk carriers over 15 years old.
Panama
Measure to counter the use of the shadow fleet
Danaos Corporation reports record quarterly revenue
Athens
The April-June period closed with a net profit of 130.9 million (-7.3%)
New customs fast corridor between the port of La Spezia and Interporto Padova
Padua
It adds to the other three already active on the same route
ICTSI to operate Indonesia's Batu Ampar Container Terminal
Manila
It is located on Batam Island
Pino Musolino has been appointed CEO of the Alilauro shipping company.
Naples
He replaces the resigning Eliseo Cuccaro
In the second quarter, DIS' time charter revenues fell by -37.1%.
Luxembourg
Net income was $19.6 million (-70.5%)
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