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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XX - Number 10/2002 - OCTOBER 2002

Industria

Nella produzione di reachstackers è il turno degli italiani

La tendenza verso il consolidamento nel settore delle attrezzature per la movimentazione dei containers dura ormai da un certo numero di anni; recentemente, si sono verificate le notevoli fusioni tra la Kalmar e la Nelcon e tra la Fantuzzi e la Noell. L'annuncio a giugno che la CVS Ferrari aveva acquisito il produttore italiano Belotti non avrebbe dovuto perciò costituire una sorpresa nel pieno senso della parola.

Gli effetti sul settore dei veicoli pesanti peraltro potrebbero avere una portata significativa, poiché l'Italia da tempo detiene una salda posizione nell'attività di produzione di reachstackers, e la nuova società risultante dalla fusione, denominata Ferrari Belotti, sembra pronta a rafforzare quella che era già una fiorente posizione. La CVS Ferrari, che aveva iniziato l'attività nel 1973 a Roveleto di Cadeo, ha più di 300 dipendenti che lavorano in otto fabbriche sparse in tutto il Nord Italia, mentre la storia della Belotti risale al 1947, allorquando cominciò a produrre la sua macchina da raccolta e trasporto B51 per il porto di Genova.

Paolo Groppi, direttore esportazioni della CVS Ferrari, ha dichiarato a Containerisation International: "L'acquisizione della Belotti rappresenta probabilmente l'evento più importante degli ultimi anni nel settore della movimentazione dei contenitori. Con la fusione con la CVS, oggi abbiamo messo assieme qualcosa come 90 anni di storia di questo tipo di attività. Riteniamo che dalla fusione dei due dipartimenti tecnici possa sprigionarsi una grande sinergia".

La Belotti può vantarsi di essere stata la prima impresa a produrre la reachstacker, nonché di essere stata la prima a presentare il sistema DAB finalizzato ad impedire l'usura delle gomme nelle ruote anteriori delle reachstackers.

Groppi sottolinea come la Belotti sia una ditta di grande esperienza, mentre la CVS Ferrari è all'avanguardia della moderna tecnologia. "Non dimentichiamo che oggi la CVS primeggia nel mercato delle reachstackers in ragione della innovativa tecnologia adottata nella sua nuova gamma di macchinari" afferma.

P. F. Cafiero, direttore marketing della Belotti, dichiara: "Stiamo già ricevendo ordinazioni con la nuova denominazione di Ferrari Belotti con consegna prevista per la fine di settembre, oltre al registro ordinazioni già esistente. Qui alla Belotti la produzione aumenterà, specialmente in relazione alle reachstackers".

Cafiero ammette che la Belotti negli ultimi anni ha tenuto un atteggiamento abbastanza introverso, invece di concentrarsi sui fattori esterni che condizionano il mercato. Afferma infatti: "Abbiamo dovuto vedercela con una crisi interna e quindi cambiare, e non è stato per nulla facile". Ora che il consolidamento con la CVS Ferrari è in atto, vi è la chiara sensazione che la tempesta sia passata e che la società derivante dalla fusione sia lanciata verso l'espansione della propria gamma di prodotti nell'ambito delle reachstackers e degli elevatori a forca.

Groppi si aspetta di diventare il produttore numero uno di reachstackers. Dichiara: "Crediamo che in futuro la tecnologia CANBUS possa essere all'avanguardia nella produzione di reachstackers. I motori e la trasmissione OEM già offrono prodotti che utilizzano a pieno questa tecnologia. Sarà necessario per i produttori di reachstackers rendere i propri prodotti compatibili con questo protocollo di comunicazione al fine di offrire tutti i vantaggi possibili all'utente finale. Grazie al CANBUS, la macchina sarà ancor di più compatibile con gli altri equipaggiamenti di una moderna organizzazione terminalistica. La tecnologia CANBUS renderà possibile il controllo a distanza della macchina e le comunicazioni via satellite o GSM di tutti i parametri della macchina come oggi è già possibile nelle gru più costose e più grandi".

Continua Groppi: "Il nostro principale vantaggio, oggi, è costituito dal nostro sistema idraulico basato su pompe a dislocamento variabile e su un distributore dei carichi a sensori della seconda generazione. Questo rivoluzionario distributore funziona secondo la logica della distribuzione del flusso senza tener conto del carico allo scopo di non trascurare qualsiasi richiesta di olio. E' davvero possibile combinare ogni sorta di movimento del braccio con quelli del volante senza cali di prestazione della macchina. L'altro vantaggio offerto è quello della riduzione del consumo di carburante, con un risparmio di circa il 30-40%".

Secondo Groppi, questi vantaggi sono a disposizione solo dei clienti della CVS, mentre i suoi concorrenti sono in grado di offrire solamente delle normali pompe e distributori del carico a sensori convenzionali, i quali comportano un elevato consumo di carburante, una breve vita del liquido idraulico e nessuna possibilità secondo movimentazioni combinate.

Anders Sandstrom, direttore vendite della svedese SMV Liftrucks, ribatte: "Noi disponiamo di un sistema per il controllo elettronico del carico, che comprende la possibilità di scoperta degli errori, mentre molti dei nostri concorrenti utilizzano ancora un controllo del carico manuale". La SMV è stata la pioniera delle reachstackers adibite alla movimentazioni delle chiatte ed il suo ultimo modello è costituito da una unità per le movimentazioni su chiatte venduta alla ROC di Kampen in Olanda, dotata di ruote con passo di 7,5 metri e gambe di supporto anteriori. Il suo altro modello destinato a tali attività ha un passo di 9 metri senza gambe di supporto ed è la reachstackers più grande del mondo.

L'organizzazione del produttore scandinavo Kalmar Industries è stata certamente toccata dal consolidamento avvenuto nel settore e la società adesso può vantarsi di essere in grado di fornire qualsiasi tipo di equipaggiamento per la movimentazione di contenitori. La Kalmar ha dovuto far fronte allo scompiglio interno dovuto alla chiusura della produzione di reachstackers presso la sua fabbrica finlandese di Tampere, che si ritiene abbia comportato il licenziamento di 50 persone. Malgrado la perdita di posti di lavoro, la capacità della fabbrica di Tampere verrà rilevata dalla gamma di trattori terminalistici in precedenza prodotta sotto il marchio Magnum negli Stati Uniti, così come dallo Shuttle Carrier, di cui si dice adesso che stia "decollando".

La reachstacker ContChamp sarà ora prodotta unitamente alla reachstacker ContMaster nella fabbrica Lidhult della società nei pressi dell'impianto svedese di Ljungby. La Kalmar riferisce che il modello ContChamp 2002, adatto ad applicazioni intermodali, di movimentazione chiatte ed industriali, è ora disponibile con tempi di consegna molto più brevi. Tra le nuove caratteristiche vi è l'estensione sincronizzata dello spreader, sebbene la ditta sia pronta a precisare che questa innovazione non sia stata apportata a spese di qualche altra caratteristica già esistente. Tra queste ultime, si annoverano: cilindri di sollevamento più forti ed affidabili, sezione del braccio posteriore più corta che le consente di lavorare in corridoi più stretti, spreader con punti di montaggio modificati così che i ganci di blocco posteriori restino sempre a contatto con il container, nonché un sistema idraulico basato su pompe idrauliche Rexroth.

Nel contempo, anche il ContMaster, che è stato progettato per piacere ad un ampia base di clienti, quest'anno è stato assoggettato ad alcuni miglioramenti, segnatamente l'introduzione di un refrigeratore d'olio ad impiego intensivo. I clienti adesso hanno altresì la possibilità di scelta tra due allestimenti di motore laddove il mercato lo richieda, e cioè il Cummins QSM11 o lo Scania DS12.

Le vendite di reachstackers singole quali macchine di riserva nei terminals più grandi è un'area di attività menzionata da molti produttori, ma la popolarità delle reachstackers è ancora maggiore nei terminals medio-piccoli.

"Riteniamo che la domanda provenga per lo più dai terminals minori, laddove le reachstackers possono offrire le migliori prestazioni e produttività" ha detto Groppi. "Le probabilità di influenzare il mondo intero e di convincere tutti quanti ad usare le reachstackers anche nei grandi terminal containers sono troppo remote. Se si prende in considerazione il Voltri Terminal Europe, si ha la dimostrazione di una storia di grande successo in cui sono partiti con le reachstackers e poi sono passati alle RTG. Oggi le RTG lavorano congiuntamente alle reachstackers con grande successo".

Per l'impilaggio dei contenitori vuoti, gli elevatori a forca rappresentano l'opzione meno costosa ma Sandstrom ha dichiarato: "Rispetto agli elevatori a forca con asta, le reachstackers offrono una maggiore versatilità, nel senso che possono accatastare la seconda fila di containers nonché ruotare in parte il carico. Perciò, la necessità di impilaggio a 90° viene meno, migliorando la produttività ed allungando la durata delle gomme. Inoltre, ci sono vantaggi in termini di visibilità nel senso che il gruista non deve più osservare l'operazione da dietro un'asta che si solleva".

Anche in ordine alla movimentazione di contenitori carichi le reachstackers presentano qualche evidente vantaggio rispetto ad un equipaggiamento più statico quali le RTG e le RMG in termini di versatilità e di prezzi. Dichiara Sandstrom: "Le reachstackers non sono confinate unicamente all'area di lavorazione determinata dai sistemi di guida della gru e - cosa forse ancor più importante - non richiedono lo stesso livello di costi relativi alle infrastrutture e costituiscono una frazione del prezzo".

Aggiunge Groppi: "Oggi la superiorità delle reachstackers sulle toplifters è ampiamente ammessa. La possibilità di estendere il braccio e di ruotare lo spreader rende la reachstacker molto più produttiva di una toplifter".

Tuttavia, una crescente minaccia alla popolarità delle reachstacker é ora costituita dalla nuova mini-straddle carrier tipo navetta prodotta dalla Kalmar, dalla Noell e dalla Belotti. Afferma Cafiero: "Queste nuove generazioni di macchine destinate alla movimentazione di contenitori potrebbero forse rappresentare un problema per il mercato delle reachstackers. Quando si ha un'operazione costituita da trattore e semi-rimorchio, c'è bisogno di un equipaggiamento per l'issaggio all'inizio ed alla fine del ciclo di carico e scarico". Poiché la nuova generazione di mini-straddle carriers è auto-issante, la reachstacker ed il trattore potrebbero diventare obsoleti.

Tuttavia, il prezzo unitario delle mini-straddles potrebbe diventare un fattore mitigante del suddetto fenomeno, tanto che rimpiazzare intere flotte di reachstackers e di combinazioni trattore/semi-rimorchio potrebbe rappresentare un impegno pesante. "Il nuovo tipo di macchina può essere utilizzato solamente in alcuni tipi di terminal, di modo che bisognerà appurare dove se ne possa trarre vantaggio" sostiene Cafiero. "Per arrivare a capirlo, ci vorrà un po' di tempo, ma l'anno prossimo avremo probabilmente un quadro più chiaro circa le dimensioni dell'impatto di tali macchine sul mercato delle reachstackers".

Dichiara Sandstrom: "La reachstacker si è ora ben affermata come strumento di lavoro versatile nel terminal ed in quel contesto al momento non esiste una minaccia da parte di qualsiasi altra specie di equipaggiamento per la movimentazione di containers che offra la stessa combinazione di flessibilità al medesimo valore. L'economia mondiale continuerà a costituire in futuro il principale effetto sulla domanda di reachstackers".

Secondo i produttori di reachstackers, la recessione economica globale dell'ultimo paio di anni non sembra avere comportato reali effetti sulla domanda."Il mercato della movimentazione dei contenitori è talvolta buono e altre volte scarso, ma la linea di tendenza al momento è positiva" afferma Cafiero. "Il mercato della movimentazione di contenitori è in fase di ascesa, il che è un miracolo alla luce delle attuali condizioni economiche e le reachstackers, perciò, hanno ancora un forte mercato".

Le fusioni e le acquisizioni stanno senza dubbio aiutando i produttori a conservare i propri margini di profitto, come sottolinea Groppi. Dichiara infatti: "Il consolidamento è un'ottima cosa, perché ci sono meno concorrenti, più ordinazioni e prezzi migliori". Tuttavia, non è d'accordo sul fatto che i produttori di equipaggiamento dovrebbero provare ad espandersi fino al punto di fornire ogni tipo di equipaggiamento allo scopo di bloccare la propria quota di mercato.

"Riteniamo fermamente che sia necessario concentrare gli sforzi in un'area di attività principale. Non riteniamo che vi sia una sinergia nella produzione di gru come le STS o le RTG e le reachstackers, gli elevatori a forca o i trattori" sostiene Groppi. "Pensiamo invece sia possibile realizzare straddle carriers, Shuttle Carriers, reachstackers e trattori, perché si tratta sempre di macchine diesel idrauliche che lavorano nel piazzale. Inoltre, la lunghezza del progetto è molto simile e coloro che devono prendere le decisioni sono gli stessi".
(da: Containerisation International, settembre 2002)


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DP World opens a temperature-controlled warehouse near Bologna
Bologna
Surface area of 22 thousand square meters
Saipem wins two new offshore drilling contracts
Milan
The total value of the orders is approximately 121 million dollars.
Hanwha brings Philadelphia Naval Shipyard under Defense Division control
Arlington
The goal is to integrate the construction of commercial and military ships
The Ports of La Spezia and Carrara approve the 2027-2029 Three-Year Public Works Program and the 2027 Budget.
La Spezia
Pisano: PTLP concrete and consistent with currently available resources
Port concessions: Regional Administrative Court (TAR) blocks 2025 fee increase
Rome
The appeal of Assiterminal and sixteen port companies has been accepted.
Wärtsilä sees quarterly order increases, but not in the Marine segment
Helsinki
In the period July-September the company recorded a net profit of 125 million euros (-31%)
Montaresi appointed general secretary of the Eastern Ligurian Sea Port Authority for another four years.
La Spezia
Renewal of office on the proposal of President Pisano
Double ceremony for two Explora Journeys ships at the Fincantieri shipyard in Genoa
Genoa
Launch of "Explora V" and coin ceremony of "Explora VI"
Italian CMD passes under the control of the UAE group EDGE
Abu Dhabi/Rome
Cousins Mariano and Giorgio Negri retain a significant shareholding
The Northern Tyrrhenian Port Authority presents the new layout of the port of Piombino.
Livorno
Gariglio: A concrete step towards industrial reconversion and the future of Piombino.
FS Logistix has purchased six new CZ LOKO locomotives for freight and shunting services
Rome/Prague
This is the fourth order of this type for the Czech company in ten years.
Port of Bremerhaven: The cruise ship Mein Schiff 3 collided with two container ships.
Bremen
No injuries. The cruise was canceled.
Paolo Moretti has been appointed CEO of RINA Spa.
Genoa
Giosuè Vezzuto has assumed the role of CEO of RINA Services
HD Hyundai and Kiewit to establish joint venture at new shipyard in the US
Houston/Seoul
The construction of both military and commercial vessels is planned
Konecranes' quarterly port equipment orders decline as revenue increases
Helsinki
Kuehne+Nagel's third quarter was very positive
Schindellegi
Growth in economic and operating results in all business segments
Wildcat's race for US defense: exclusive agreement with historic Fraser shipyard
Superior
The Miami Beach fund's operation is part of the government's plan to relaunch the American shipbuilding industry.
Port of Ancona: First single ZES authorization issued
Ancona
A three million euro investment in yacht construction has been unblocked.
Access to the port of Ravenna is authorized for vessels with a maximum draft of 11.00 meters.
Ravenna
Benevolent: it is a fundamental step for the economic and strategic development of the airport
Port of Genoa extends food inspection authorization to PSA SECH terminal
Genoa
The provision of the Ministry of Health expands the categories of products that can be subjected to control
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
On Thursday, the Unione Interporti Riuniti will present the ELODIE project at the Chamber of Deputies.
Rome
The aim is to create a digital federation of interports
ABB reports record orders of $12 billion in the third quarter.
Zurich
Revenues and profits also increased, while the group announced a joint venture with Mitsubishi Electric
In the third quarter of 2026, containers in the port of Barcelona decreased by -9.2%
Barcelona
The decline was driven by a 19.9% reduction in transhipment traffic.
COSCO Shipping Ports terminals set new quarterly container throughput record
Hong Kong
In the period July-September also volumes handled by CMPort
In August, the ports of Western Liguria handled 5.2 million tons of goods (+1.6)
Genoa
In Genoa, an increase of +6.1% was recorded, while Savona-Vado Ligure suffered a decrease of -10.0%.
Raben Italy opens a new warehouse in Pomezia
Milan
The goal is to consolidate the positioning and territorial expansion in road transport
Port of La Spezia signs agreement to develop blue economy and security projects
La Spezia
It was signed by the AdSP and the Foundation of the National Centre of the Underwater Dimension
The Port of Long Beach celebrates new monthly container throughput record
Long Beach
New all-time high also in the July-September quarter
The tender for the partial demolition of the North Pier of the Port of Ancona has been launched.
Ancona
The intervention includes the regularization of the relevant seabeds
HMM invests over $1.6 billion for 12 new container ships
Busan
By 2029, the delivery of eight 13,000 TEU vessels, three 2,800 TEU vessels and one 1,700 TEU vessel
Paolo Pessina confirmed as president of Federagenti
Rome
Unanimous vote of the Federation assembly
Negotiations have begun to renew the single collective bargaining agreement for the shipping industry.
Rome
The parties have agreed on a busy schedule of meetings
Container traffic in the port of Hong Kong grew by 15.1% in the third quarter
Hong Kong
In September the increase was +25.0%
Maritime training: Appeal to the Regional Administrative Court (TAR) against the Port Authority's fee hike
Rome
ANIFORMAR, CONFORMAR, and 15 training centers challenge the MIT-MEF decree: increases reach up to 149.3%.
The Spinelli Group has opened a new empty container depot in Novi Ligure.
Genoa
Investment worth 14 million euros
Rhenus integrates its logistics services into a single hub at the Padua Interporto.
Padua
The site will bring together road transport, air and sea freight, warehousing and specialized services
A truck driver dies at the Cagliari canal port.
Cagliari
He would have been crushed by a load of large pipes
Maritime labor, Confitarma is concerned about the uncertainty arising from the Revenue Agency's interpretative stance.
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries plans to expand shipbuilding capacity
Tokyo
The company plans to invest 100 billion yen
Trasportounito: The government is crazy if it thinks the road haulage crisis can be solved on its own.
Rome
Application of the diesel cost adjustment clause urged
Emanuele Grimaldi is the new president of the Malta International Shipowners Association.
Valletta
She takes over from Marily Frangista, who has been leading the association since April 2022.
The fourth edition of Green Logitics Expo kicks off tomorrow morning in Padua.
Padua
It will see the participation of over 300 exhibitors and the holding of 30 conference events
In the third quarter of this year, cargo traffic in Turkish ports decreased by -1.1%.
Ankara
Volumes to and from Italy grew by +6.2%
Assiterminal, the flexibility of the PRPs should take into account the relevant market in which the ports operate
Genoa
Cetus Maritime plans to list on the Euronext Growth Oslo stock market
Hong Kong
Acquisition of 16 ships in preparation for listing on the stock exchange
On Saturday, a U.S. jet struck a bulk carrier in the Gulf of Oman.
Tampa
Centcom: The ship had attempted to enforce a naval blockade against Iran.
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Assologistica event to discuss the Mediterranean strategy for Italian competitiveness
Rome
It will be held next October 30th in Naples
On Thursday, the Unione Interporti Riuniti will present the ELODIE project at the Chamber of Deputies.
Rome
The aim is to create a digital federation of interports
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Cosco Shipping arm readies China IPO to capitalise on global shipbuilding wave
(South China Morning Post)
Rosatom expects cargo traffic along Northern Sea Route to rise 14% in 2026 - CEO
(Interfax)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Relazione del Presidente Mario Zanetti
Roma, 27 ottobre 2026
››› File
Ship hit near Strait of Hormuz
Southampton
A bullet started a fire which was later put out
OOCL reports 9.0% growth in vessel-borne volumes in the third quarter
Hong Kong
The increase in the value of maritime freight rates causes a +45.1% increase in revenues
HD Hyundai Marine Solutions to Acquire American Company Goltens Worldwide
Dubai/Seongnam
The company deals with the repair and maintenance of large marine engines and industrial machinery.
UNATRAS to the government: Immediately unblock measures to reduce diesel prices.
Rome
Road transport associations report delays and uncertainties in implementing the May 22 agreement and are calling for an urgent meeting.
Port of Taranto: Gugliotti renews his request to the government for funding for the port's wind farm.
Taranto
The project - he underlined - can neither be scaled down nor postponed.
Attack on a ship in the middle of the Persian Gulf
Southampton
The UKMTO reported that several projectiles caused casualties among the crew members.
Gioia Tauro: Addendum to the updated Port Plan approved
Gioia Tauro
The analysis will allow us to evaluate the Port Agency's employment and staffing needs.
Ships queuing, fuel wasted: how waiting at anchor can save you money.
Copenhagen
The Global Maritime Forum publishes Cargill's test results on 16 real-world voyages. Slowing down and arriving when the berth is free reduces fuel consumption and emissions.
ZIM raises full-year 2026 guidance
Haifa
Adjusted EBITDA and EBIT expected to be $2.7 billion/$3.0 billion and $1.4 billion/$1.7 billion
Gabriele Sangiorgi appointed acting secretary general of the Ravenna Port Authority.
Ravenna
Fabio Maletti's term has expired
Port of Genoa: Messina Terminal workers strike for one hour for a month
Genoa
The company reports that one of the union members did not show up at the last meeting as part of the cooling-off procedure provided for by the National Collective Labour Agreement.
Port of Taranto, agreement to participate in the development of the Valbasento Interporto in Ferrandina.
Matera/Taranto
A logistical-functional masterplan will be developed within 180 days
Attica, the deficit is reduced thanks mainly to capital gains and coverage
Kallithea
First half of the year with fewer crossings and slightly increasing revenues
Since the beginning of the year, passengers and goods on GNV ships have increased by +2% and +5%
Marrakech
Three-year strategic partnership with the Office National Marocain du Tourisme
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