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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXII - Number 1/2004 - JANUARY 2004

Porti

Gli hubs di trasbordo nel Mediterraneo centrale: un eccessivo affollamento?

Il Pireo, principale porto greco per la movimentazione di contenitori e hub di trasbordo da tempo affermato, ha fatto registrare un incremento del 20,5% nei risultati dello scorso anno, da 1,165 milioni di TEU nel 2001 ai quasi 1,405 milioni di TEU del 2002, con un ulteriore incremento del 21% fatto segnare nei primi cinque mesi di quest'anno. Sotiris Theophanis, presidente e direttore generale dell'autorità portuale, si aspetta per la fine del 2003 almeno 300.000 TEU in più rispetto all'anno scorso.

"Gran parte dell'incremento dei traffici deriva dal trasbordo in cui la MSC, il nostro principale cliente, è stato appena raggiunto dalla Zim Container Lines" spiega. "Il trasbordo relativo a quest'anno ha rappresentato il 65% dei risultati complessivi, rispetto al 61,3% del 2001, e noi ci aspettiamo che questa linea di tendenza al rialzo continui".

Theophanis sottolinea come le due linee di navigazione abbiano scelto il Pireo quale centro per la distribuzione di box per diverse ragioni, l'ultima delle quali non è il forte mercato locale per contenitori in importazione/esportazione, che sta crescendo al 5-6% all'anno e del 2% circa rispetto al PIL.

Le attuali infrastrutture non sono sufficienti ad accogliere gli attuali livelli di traffico, sebbene il terminal dello Hercules Point sia adesso operativo all'85-90% della capacità. Qui, le navi possono ormeggiarsi ad una delle tre banchine, dove il pescaggio longitudinale al molo è di 14 metri uniformi. Tuttavia, è stato programmato per settembre l'inizio dei lavori finalizzati all'estensione della Banchina 1 per consentire un miglioramento della capacità di circa 600.000 TEU, sufficienti solamente a coprire i livelli di traffico previsti per i prossimi tre anni. Tuttavia, Theophanis afferma che, una volta completamente sviluppato il nuovo sito, il Pireo potrebbe essere attrezzato per movimentare circa 3,5 milioni di TEU.

Oltre che per migliorare le attuali infrastrutture, il Pireo si sta dando da fare per accrescere la propria flotta di straddle carriers, tanto che recentemente ha avviato un appalto relativo all'acquisizione di altre 20 unità. Un'altra ricerca attiene ad una MHC (gru portuale mobile) destinata a supportare la batteria delle 14 attuali gru a cavaliere da banchina, otto delle quali dispongono di capacità post-panamax.

"Attualmente, siamo in grado di movimentare navi sino a 7.000 TEU con le nostre gru che possono lavorare 18 file di contenitori stivati sulla nave. Abbiamo deciso di incrementare il numero di straddle carriers poiché da sempre lavoriamo con loro ed i nostri dipendenti si sono alquanto impratichiti con questo equipaggiamento. Normalmente ne assegniamo tre per ogni gru a cavaliere, anche se sul piazzale l'impilaggio non supera i due box. Ciò riduce il numero degli spostamenti interni che dobbiamo fare, di modo che le cose procedono in modo efficiente. Tuttavia, ciò non equivale a dire che, se vi fosse un'estrema necessità di spazio, noi non andremmo alla ricerca delle maniere per impilare in modo più condensato".

Dal momento che il trasbordo costituisce una parte così importante delle attività del Pireo, la produttività dev'essere buona. Anche se Theophanis non ha voluto fornire cifre inerenti alle movimentazioni per gru/ora in ordine al terminal, ha peraltro fatto notare come le linee di navigazione clienti ritengono che esse siano migliori di quelle offerte dai rivali in questa regione. Certamente, l'acquisizione due anni fa della Navis ha contribuito al risultato, anche se si sostiene che abbia fatto la sua parte anche la scoperta di modi innovativi per migliorare la motivazione dei dipendenti.

Sebbene non sia ancora disponibile alcun collegamento ferroviario con il terminal, sono in corso trattative con le Ferrovie Greche, che hanno in programma la costruzione di un collegamento con il porto entro il 2006. Ciò dovrebbe consentire al Pireo di incrementare notevolmente il proprio hinterland, che attualmente si estende ad oltre la metà del paese.

Mentre il trasbordo al Pireo è fiorente, altrettanto non si potrebbe dire per il porto cipriota di Limassol, che ha fatto registrare un calo dell'1,5% nei risultati dello scorso anno sino a 233.700 TEU, che esso attribuisce ad una riduzione dei traffici di transito. Per il 2003, ci si aspetta che il traffico si stabilizzi attorno ai 235.000 TEU, con qualche crescita collegata per lo più a carichi locali. Il traffico di box a Limassol ha raggiunto un picco di 398.000 TEU nel 1996, solamente per piombare a 237.000 TEU l'anno successivo in seguito al ritiro della CMA CGM dopo l'embargo stabilito dalla Turchia. I contenitori trasbordati al giorno d'oggi rappresentano il 15% circa dei risultati complessivi.

L'Autorità dei Porti di Cipro è ciononostante molto attiva nel tentativo di attirare nuovi clienti, facendo sì che i propri diritti portuali generali siano i più bassi del Mediterraneo. Essa garantisce altresì l'ormeggio all'arrivo, con inizio immediato delle operazioni di movimentazione.

Sebbene sia stata in grado di ottenere circa 30 movimentazione per gru/ora sulle navi-madre, Limassol realizza in media 22-25 movimentazioni su tutta la gamma delle navi movimentate. L'Autorità dei Porti definisce tale risultato "soddisfacente" e proporzionato ai tassi relativi ad altri importanti porti. Essa sta cercando di migliorare la produttività complessiva assicurando una continua presenza di contenitori sotto le gru delle banchine. "Il nostro equipaggiamento viene conservato in modo eccellente: i fermi per guasto sono rari" afferma un portavoce dell'autorità.

La movimentazione dei box ha luogo in due distinte aree di Limassol, il Terminal Contenitori Est ed il Terminal Contenitori Ovest. Il primo dispone di una banchina di 480 metri le cui operazioni vengono effettuate da due gru a cavaliere e può accogliere navi che presentino un pescaggio non superiore agli 11 metri. Il piazzale d'impilaggio da 200.000 metri quadrati consente un risultato annuo dell'ordine di 150.000 TEU.

Tuttavia, infrastrutture caratterizzate da acque molto più profonde possono rinvenirsi presso il Terminal Contenitori Ovest, la cui banchina da 620 metri presenta un pescaggio lungo la banchina di 14 metri. Il piazzale d'impilaggio di 200.000 metri quadrati è stato recentemente ampliato di ulteriori 20.000 m2, portando la capacità annua a circa 500.000 TEU. L'Autorità dei Porti sta al momento valutando la possibilità di aggiungere altre unità all'attuale dotazione di quattro gru a cavaliere da banchina nel prossimo futuro nell'ambito di un investimento da 500 milioni di dollari già programmato e collegato allo sviluppo di questo terminal da qui al 2010.

In Israele, il traffico di trasbordo da sempre viene movimentato a Haifa, il maggior porto del paese che lo scorso anno ha movimentato 906.000 TEU. Ciò è dovuto al fatto che esso dispone dello spazio per movimentare questo tipo di traffico e ha storicamente tratto vantaggio dall'essere il principale porto hub del vettore nazionale ZIM, che se ne serve per consolidare il traffico dal Mar Nero al Mediterraneo Orientale, per girarlo successivamente sui servizi da e per gli Stati Uniti.

Al contrario, Ashdod, il secondo porto di Israele, ha fatto registrare nel 2002 risultati per 400.000 TEU, dei quali solamente 1.600 TEU sotto forma di trasbordo.

"Come si può vedere, i volumi di trasbordo sono attualmente molto, molto piccoli, in effetti. Nessun vettore in particolare trasborda qui; invece, le movimentazioni di box tra navi vengono intraprese su base sporadica, come e quando richiesto" nota Yossip Bassan, vice direttore del porto.

Alla domanda inerente a come mai il trasbordo non si sia mai sviluppato ad Ashdod, Bassan ribatte che il porto, in realtà, è un'affermata infrastruttura di importazione/esportazione, in cui la capacità è cresciuta in relazione alle esigenze di compagnie di navigazione attive in quel tipo di traffico. "Allo scopo di diventare un operatore nel mercato del trasbordo, occorre essere in grado di garantire spazio di banchina alle navi, nonché di offrire un buon servizio di movimentazione" afferma. "Al momento, non possiamo farlo, dal momento che presentiamo una carenza complessiva sia di capacità che di aree di ormeggio. Tuttavia, nel giro di un anno, ci aspettiamo che tutto ciò cambi in modo significativo, dal momento che verrà dato il via ai progetti di espansione portuale denominati Fase I e Fase II, che aggiungeranno spazi di banchina di vitale importanza".

Questi spazi ulteriori non sono stati aggiunti tenendo principalmente in mente il trasbordo, ma piuttosto per soddisfare le esigenze dell'attuale portafoglio dei suoi clienti d'importazione/esportazione. Tuttavia, Bassan sottolinea che il porto avrà a disposizione capacità residua da destinare allo sviluppo di ulteriori traffici containerizzati e che, perciò, Ashdod finirà per trovarsi in una posizione molto forte per competere nel settore dei contenitori in trasbordo. Sebbene sia senz'altro consapevole della presenza di importanti hubs regionali in questo mercato, Bassan ritiene che i traffici già affermati e le nuove capacità di Ashdod possano persuadere le linee di navigazione di raccordo a portarvi più contenitori dal Mar Nero e dal Mediterraneo orientale al fine di essere girati sulle navi di linea primaria, e possibilmente su qualcuna di quelle gestite dalla ZIM che attualmente scala solo Haifa.

Quanto ai livelli di produttività che saranno richiesti per conservare i futuri traffici di trasbordo, Bassan ritiene che spetti alle linee di navigazione determinarli. Sui prezzi, tuttavia, egli non ha dubbi che Ashdod possa essere assai competitivo; la capacità residua ingenerata dai nuovi ampliamenti dei moli gli daranno tutto lo spazio di manovra di cui ha bisogno in quella zona.
(da: CargoSystems, dicembre 2003)




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Genoa
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Livorno
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Milan/Hong Kong/Prague
The offer is not aimed at delisting the shares
Norovirus outbreak on second Holland America Line cruise ship
Hong Kong
65 passengers and 11 crew members of the "Westerdam" were injured.
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
SOS LOGistica, allocating only 10% of the €590 million for road transport to zero-emission vehicles is self-destructive.
Rome/Milan
Texts: talking today about a heavy BEV market that "takes off" remains a mirage
The first U212NFS submarine is being laid down at Fincantieri's Muggiano shipyard.
Trieste
The delivery of the first unit is scheduled for 2029
A new tender has been published for railway shunting in the ports of Savona and Vado Ligure.
Genoa
The tender base amount is 14.8 million euros
China's LC Logistics orders two new 11,000-TEU containerships
Hong Kong
Order with a total value of 236 million dollars
Palumbo Superyachts to build new metal shipbuilding hub in Ortona
Ortona
Concession area in the Abruzzo port
Kuehne+Nagel acquires the road transport business of German firm Lohmöller
Schindellegi
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Fincantieri delivered the ultra-luxury cruise yacht Four Seasons I in Ancona
Trieste
The Navis Sapiens program also debuts with the ship
Rolls-Royce posts record annual financial performance
London
Revenues increased by 12.2% last year
Nearly 12 million tonnes of CO2 avoided in 2025 for vessels coated with Jotun products
Muggia
Estimated fuel cost savings of approximately $2 billion
In 2025, intermodal traffic handled by Interporto Padova amounted to 381,031 TEUs (-7.5%)
Padua
Record production value recorded
In 2025, the Nola interport handled 2,000 trains
Nola
A 50% increase is expected in 2026
A Livorno port pilot loses his life in a collision
Livorno
The dynamics of the accident are still under investigation.
Study on alternative marine fuels as potential marine pollutants and the effectiveness of response measures
Lisbon
It was commissioned by the European Maritime Safety Agency
The first in-person meeting of the international working group "Cruises & Port Cities" will take place in Taranto.
Taranto/La Spezia
Pisano (AdSP Liguria Orientale): the relationship between the city and the port is strategic, particularly in relation to cruise traffic
G20 merchandise trade trend to fluctuate in the fourth quarter of 2025
Paris
Trade in services is growing
Extension of incentives for rail freight shunting in ports
Rome
Paper (Fermerci): the sector, however, continues to suffer as demonstrated by the overall data for 2025
Saipem has been awarded a further offshore contract in Saudi Arabia
Milan
Order worth approximately 500 million dollars
MPC Container Ships revenues decreased by -4.3% in 2025
Oslo
Net income was $236.4 million (-11.4%)
The new offices of the Eastern Sicily Port Authority have been inaugurated in the port of Pozzallo.
Pozzallo
Contract worth approximately 750 thousand euros
Finmar appointed agent in Italy for United Global Ro-Ro
Genoa
Two services scheduled with stops at the port of Genoa
Contract awarded for the expansion of the San Cataldo Pier in the port of Bari
Bari
They will be carried out by the Rti Fincantieri Infrastructure Opere Marittime, Boskalis Italia, Zeta and e-Marine
The digital registry of maritime workers and the digital navigation booklet are law
Genoa
Article 11 of Legislative Decree 19/2026 establishes AGEMAR
DB Cargo plans to cut around 6,000 jobs
Berlin
Negotiations with employee representatives to begin soon
In 2025, containers transported by RCL's fleet increased by +8.8%
Bangkok
Revenues from this activity grew by +5.2%
Regarding Tardini's nomination as president of the Western Sicily Port Authority, Salvini and Schifani have (for now) buried the hatchet.
Palermo
Annual container traffic grows by 5.4% at HHLA port terminals
Hamburg
Record revenues expected at 1.76 billion euros (+9.9%)
Container traffic at the Port of New York is expected to grow by 2.3% in 2025.
New York
Significant increase in full containers for export
Politics and Assiterminal celebrate the extension of the port bonus
Rome/Genoa
Ferrari: understood the value of the planning behind the reformulation of the law
Container traffic at the port of Hong Kong decreased by -3.2% in January
Hong Kong
1.13 million TEUs were handled
Costamare secures $940 million in revenue from the charter of 12 container ships
Monk
Cargo traffic at the port of Singapore grew by 13.0% last month.
Singapore
Containers amounted to 3,892,370 TEUs (+11.3%)
CMA CGM has ordered six 1,700 TEU LNG containerships from Cochin Shipyard.
Marseille
By the end of the year, the number of Indian seafarers on board the French group's ships will rise to 1,500.
Filt Cgil, meeting on the importance of Article 17 of Law 84/94
Rome
It will be held tomorrow in Rome at the Frentani Congress Center
Britta Weber has been appointed as the new chief executive officer of the Hupac Group.
Noise
He is the current vice president of UPS Healthcare for Europe and Asia.
Saipem to acquire mobile offshore drilling unit for $272.5 million
Milan
Agreement with Norwegian Deep Value Driller
The 59th edition of the San Giorgio Award will be held in Genoa on February 20th.
Genoa
The Targa San Giorgio will be awarded to Gian Enzo Duci
Filt Cgil appeals against Cartour's authorization to carry out lashing and unlashing operations.
Medlog inaugurates a logistics park at Dammam's King Abdulaziz Port
Geneva
It occupies an area of over 100 thousand square meters
Manageritalia and Assologistica sign the renewal of the Ccnl managers of the logistics
Rome
Monthly gross earnings increase at 750 Euros in three tranche
Subscribed a binding agreement for the acquisition of Qube by Macquarie Asset Management
Sydney
It was unanimously approved by the Australian logistic group Cda
Meyer Turku completed the design of a cruise ship to zero net emissions
Turku
The main fuel is biomethanol
Last year the turnover of Kalmar grew by +1%
Helsinki
Operating income, net profit and new orders in increase respective of +26%, +28% and +8%
Terminal Investment Limited puts hands on the Peruvian port of Pisco
Lima
Acquired the Portuario de Paracas Terminal
Assagenti urges a more constant and timely information on the progress of the work of the new dam of Genoa
Grimaldi has taken delivery of the Grande Michigan
Naples
It is the eighth Pure Car and Truck Carrier ammonia ready of the Neapolitan group
Meeting between the presidents of the Maritime Federation and Assoporti
Rome
Mario Mattioli and Roberto Petri addressed the main issues of the maritime cluster
Morocco's Marsa Maroc participates in the development of the port of Monrovia
Casablanca
Contract for the management of two docks and the construction of a multipurpose terminal
South Korea's Pan Ocean buys ten VLCCs from compatriot SK Shipping
Seoul
Transaction valued at approximately $668 million
Stefano Messina has been confirmed as president of Assarmatori
Rome
He will also lead the shipowners' association in the four-year period 2026-2030
Roberto Mantovanelli has been appointed Secretary General of the Northern Adriatic Port Authority.
Venice
The 2026-2028 Three-Year Operational Plan for the Ports of Venice and Chioggia has been approved.
In 2025, Albanian ports handled a record traffic of 8.2 million tons of goods (+6.2%)
Tirana
A new peak in passengers also amounted to 1.7 million units (+6.4%)
WASS (Fincantieri) has been awarded a contract by Saudi Arabia for the supply of lightweight torpedoes
Trieste
The order is worth more than 200 million euros
Oxin (Somec) awarded a major order for the construction of kitchen, pantry, catering and bar areas for two cruise ships
San Vendemiano
The value of the order is 53 million euros
Sogedim launches a daily service between Carpi and Campogalliano/England
Carpi
Daily shuttle departing from the logistics hubs of Campogalliano, Carpi and Prato
Danaos Corporation reports record quarterly and annual revenue.
Athens
Profits are falling
CPPIB and OMERS are considering selling their 67% stake in Associated British Ports.
London
Maersk orders eight 18,600 TEU dual-fuel containerships
Copenhagen
Built by New Times Shipbuilding Co., they will be delivered between 2029 and 2030.
PaxOcean opens new shipyard in Singapore
Singapore
It occupies an area of 17.3 hectares
The largest container ship ever arrived in the port of Trieste
Trieste
Port of call of the "MSC Diana" which has a capacity of approximately 19,000 TEUs
Antin Infrastructure Partners acquires U.S. shipbuilder Vigor Marine Group
New York
It has shipyards in Seattle, Portland, Vancouver, San Diego and Norfolk
In 2025, Moroccan ports handled a record traffic of 262.6 million tons of goods (+8.9%)
Rabat
Transhipment equal to 50.5% of the total
Yang Ming deploys first of five 15,500 TEU dual-fuel LNG vessels on Asia-Mediterranean route
Keelung
It will be used in the MD2 service
Study highlights challenges for LNG containerships in complying with future cold ironing connection requirements
Berlin/Hamburg
Fincantieri and Wsense reach agreement to offer cutting-edge underwater systems
Trieste
Co-development of advanced wireless technology solutions planned
Study finds high levels of persistent organic pollutants caused by shipbreaking activities
Brussels
Port of Livorno: tender for ship-generated waste management begins
Livorno
The expected value of the contract is over 40 million euros
DSV revenue and profits impacted by Schenker acquisition
Copenhagen
In 2025, turnover grew by +48.0%
Wärtsilä reports significant growth in quarterly and annual results for the Marine segment
Helsinki
The Finnish group's new orders acquired in 2025 remain stable.
Dutch company Portwise has been bought by its compatriot Haskoning
Rijswijk
The company offers solutions for optimizing terminal operations through automation and electrification
Construction of the first of six container ships for Italia Marittima has begun in China.
Trieste
The ships, which will be able to use traditional fuel and methanol, will have a capacity of 2,400 TEUs
In the Strait of Hormuz, armed vessels ordered a US tanker to stop
Southampton/London
GTS announces new rail services between the port of Genoa and central and southern Italy.
Bari
Connections via the Segrate Milan terminal
Kuehne+Nagel expands CargoCity South at Frankfurt Airport
Schindellegi
A new facility will be completed and taken over at the end of 2028
The number of dual-fuel vessels employed by liner shipping lines is set to double by 2025
Washington
Currently, 74% of the order book consists of units of this type
AD Ports signs agreement to build and operate multipurpose terminal at Matadi Port
Abu Dhabi/Kinshasa
Relaunch of the Banana Deepwater Port Construction Project
Confitarma: The Revenue Agency's position risks having serious repercussions on Italian seafarers' employment.
Rome
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Filt Cgil, meeting on the importance of Article 17 of Law 84/94
Rome
It will be held tomorrow in Rome at the Frentani Congress Center
A conference on congestion in the North West logistics system will be held in Genoa on January 19th.
Genoa
It will be held at the Transparency Hall of the Liguria Region
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Russian shipbuilding holding USC designing high ice-class container ship for Rosatom for Northern Sea Route
(Interfax)
Auction of megaterminal in Santos may be postponed due to deadlock within the Federal Government
(A Tribuna)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
Bucchioni appointed pro tempore president of the Association of Freight Forwarders of the Port of La Spezia
La Spezia
The tender for the development of the shipbuilding hub in the port of Ancona has begun.
Ancona
The AdSP Management Committee has approved the call for tenders
ONE's quarterly financial performance declines further
Singapore
The volume of containerized cargo transported by the fleet remains stable
Laura DiBella's nomination for FMC presidency has been signed.
Washington
His term will expire on June 30, 2028.
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