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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXVI - Number 6/2008 - JUNE 2008

Safery & security

Portacontainer sotto esame

L'anno scorso, nel giro di un solo mese, due portacontenitori, entrambe battenti la stessa bandiera ed entrambe più o meno nella stessa parte del mondo, hanno dovuto sottostare a problemi in mare.

Una è sopravvissuta, l'altra no, ma entrambe sono state adesso assoggettate a relazioni ufficiali, il combinato effetto delle quali potrebbe comportare notevoli cambiamenti nella pianificazione e nelle procedure di carico di tali navi in futuro, nonché alla fonritura di informazioni sul carico.

L'incidente che ha coinvolto la Annabella ha avuto luogo nel Baltico a febbraio 2007 e ha comportato la perdita di stabilità ed il crollo di una pila di container.

La bandiera era quella del Regno Unito e questo ha indotto l'agenzie incaricata delle indagini, la MAIB (Marine Accident Investigation Branch), ad affermare nella propria relazione lo scorso settembre che esistesse la stringente necessità di un codice di comportamento del settore per le attività di trasporto contenitori.

Ciò si fondava sulla conclusione, in base a quella e ad altre indagini condotte in precedenza, che la realtà della sicurezza di navi, equipaggi ed ambiente era compromessa dal preponderante desiderio di conservare la regolamentazione radicata ovvero di ottimizzare i tempi di lavorazione portuale.

L'indagine sulla MSC Napoli, per necessità, ha richiesto molto più tempo e la conseguente relazione "Rapporto sulle indagini inerenti all'avaria strutturale della MSC Napoli nel Canale della Manica il 18 febbraio 2007" è stata pubblicata solamente il 22 aprile di quest'anno.

La nave era in transito da Anversa al Portogallo nel suo cammino alla volta del Sudfarica, allorqusndo si trovò a sperimentare un'emergenza in mare che risultò nel suo spiaggiamento volontario.

Questo accadde un mese prima dell'incidente della Annabella e fu molto più drammatico.

La nave dovette subire una catastrofica avaria dello scafo nel corso del transito del Canale della Manica.

Ciò comportò l'abbandono della nave da parte dell'equipaggio, che fortunatamente, malgrado il mare grosso, venne tutto tratto in salvo.

A causa della considerevole possibilità di inquinamento diffuso, la nave dovette essere spiaggiata sulla costa meridionale dell'Inghilterra ed alla fine venne rottamata.

Tuttavia, fatta eccezione per alcuni relativamente pochi contenitori caduti fuoribordo nel corso delle operazioni di spiaggiamento, la maggior parte del carico era ancora intatto e le operazioni di salvataggio hanno comportato la rimozione di ogni singolo contenitore.

Ciò ha consentito il controllo del loro peso e la constatazione della loro posizione in relazione al peso ed alla posizione indicati nel manifesto di carico.

Si è trattato di un'operazione davvero minuziosa che ha comportato la rimozione di ciascun contenitore mediante una chiatta dotata di gru per spostare i container su un'imbarcazione che potesse trasportarli nelle più vicine infrastrutture portuali in cui potessero essere esaminati.

Ciò ha permesso la realizzazione di un quadro chiaro sul carico delle merci e sulla loro posizione dentro la nave.

La relazione, necessariamente, si concentra sulle ragioni dell'avaria allo scafo e su cosa si possa fare per prevenire eventi simili.

Nella relazione si fa notare come la sola altra avaria registrata sullo scafo di una portacontainer sia stata quella della MSC Carla nel 1997 quando, grazie alla sezione di poppa che rimase a galla, fu possibile stabilire che l'incidente era stato causato al guasto di una saldatura con una nuova sezione dello scafo che era stata inserita successivamente alla costruzione.

Anche se la MSC Napoli non era stata assoggettata a tale procedimento, si è scoperto che la causa fondamentale dell'incidente poteva essere ricondotta alla progettazione; ciò aveva comportato la revisione di centinaia di altre portacontenitori e l'adozione di rimedi in un certo numero di casi, oltre all'osservanza, nel contempo, di procedure operative riviste.

Questa accuratissima indagine, tuttavia, mostra che - nella maggior parte dei casi - c'è stato un certo numero di fattori che hanno contribuito alla sua avaria, uno dei quali si poteva ricollegare al carico trasportato.

Alcuni elementi riscontrati nell'ambito dell'indagine hanno portato ad una ulteriore conferma delle conclusioni della relazione sulla Annabella ed al rafforzamento della richiesta di un nuovo codice comportamentale da parte della MAIB.

La raccomandazione, che viene ripetuta nell'ultimo rapporto, consiste nel suggerimento secondo cui la ICS (International Chamber of Shipping) dovrebbe collaborare con gli operatori del settore al fine di sviluppare e promuovere l'adesione ad un migliore codice delle procedure di sicurezza per far sì che:

  • esistano effettive comunicazioni e procedure fra tutte le parti coinvolte nella programmazione e nella consegna di contenitori per assicurare che il personale delle navi abbia le risorse e l'opportunità di supervisionare in sicurezza il carico e la fissazione dei carichi;
  • i manuali di fissazione del carico siano esaustivi e redattti in una forma che assicuri un accesso facile ed immediato a tutti le pertinenti informazioni di carico e fissaggio;
  • i programmi computerizzati inerenti al carico comprendano tutte quante le specifiche sul fissaggio dei carichi su una nave; tali computer dovrebbero essere approvati adeguatamente al fine di far sì che gli ufficiali possano fare completo affidamento sulle informazioni fornite;
  • la disponibilità o meno di un computer relativo al carico affidabile ed approvato sia un fattore da includere nel processo decisionale inerente all'appropriato livello di reclutamento del personale per le navi con programmi di viaggio intensivi;
  • il risultante incremento delle forze di accelerazione e la conseguente riduzione dei pesi di impilaggio consentiti quando l'altezza metacentrica della nave viene aumentata oltre il valore segnalato nel manuale di fissaggio del carico sia chiaramente compreso dagli ufficiali della nave; il conseguente effetto sul peso, l'altezza ed il fissaggio delle pile di contenitori per le modifiche apportate all'altezza metacentrica della nave dovrebbe essere reso prontamente disponibile e spiegato con chiarezza al personale della nave;
  • coloro che sono impegnati nelle operazioni containerizzate siano consapevoli che i contenitori con pesi di impilaggio consentiti al di sotto degli standard ISO sono regolarmente utilizzati e devono essere identificati con chiarezza nelle fasi sia di pianificazione che di carico allo scopo di evitare la possibilità che quei container si scontrino;
  • riguardo alle operazioni con i carichi:

    • che i pianificatori del carico abbiano un'appropriata esperienza marittima o siano stati addestrati per far sì che le considerazioni inerenti alla sicurezza della nave siano completamente riconosciute;

    • che il software per la pianificazione del carico fornito sia in grado di riconoscere le conseguenze dei dati variabili (ad esempio l'altezza metacentrica e le specifiche dei contenitori non standard) per poter avvertire di conseguenza i pianificatori;

    • che le lezioni apprese dai problemi individuati nel corso delle operazioni di pianificazione dei contenitori vengano formalmente riviste e che vengano poste in atto appropriate misure di correzione;

    • che al personale delle navi venga dato tempo sufficiente per verificare/approvare i programmi di carico proposti.

Il rapporto nota che lo sviluppo del codice è in corso e che ci si aspetta che esso venga completato per la fine del 2008, dopo di che sarà presentato all'IMO perché venga adottato.

L'ultimo rapporto, tuttavia, aggiunge un'ulteriore dimensione.

La verifica dei contenitori rimasti sulla nave ha riguardato anche il controllo del peso di ciascun box.

La maggior parte di quelli nelle stive sono stati sommersi ed inzuppati, aumentando così notevolmente il peso ed impendendo qualsiasi tentativo di confronto.

Tuttavia, i pesi di tutti i contenitori rimasti asciutti nelle stive e di quelli sul ponte sono stati confrontati con quelli dichiarati alla compagnia di navigazione dall''imballatore o dal caricatore.

Si è scoperto che il peso di 137 (20%) di questi box era superiore sino a tre tonnellate rispetto al loro peso dichiarato.

La singola maggiore differenza era di 20 tonnellate, mentre il peso complessivo dei 137 container era di 312 tonnellate in più rispetto a quello riportato sul manifesto di carico.

Il rapporto sottolinea come questa difformità sia diffusa nell'ambito del trasporto marittimo di contenitori e sia dovuta agli imballatori ed ai caricatori che non hanno le infrastrutture per pesare i contenitori presso i propri locali.

E' stato altresì sottolineato come le dichiarazioni errate volontarie avvengano per varie ragioni.

La conseguenza, tuttavia, è che alla luce del fatto che le portacontainer invariabilmente salpano in condizioni assai prossime al limite massimo permesso, il peso aggiuntivo non dichiarato potenzialmente induce le navi a superare quel massimo.

Il trasporto marittimo di contenitori è il solo settore industriale in cui il peso di un carico non è conosciuto e, se lo sforzo che agisce sulle portacontainer dev'essere accuratamente controllato, è essenziale che i contenitori siano pesati prima di essere caricati sulle navi.

Per sottolineare meglio questo argomento, la MAIB ha aggiunto tale aspetto alla lista suggerita degli argomenti che dovrebbero essere previsti dal codice relativo alle procedure.

La nave in questione era stata caricata in Europa occidentale ed il rapporto fa notare come in questa regione non sia richiesto che i contenitori vengano pesati in un porto prima di essere caricati su una nave.

A questo si potrebbe aggiungere che, anche se gran parte dell'equipaggiamento per la movimentazione di contenitori è in grado di far fronte a sovrappesi di tre tonnellate, non è però immune rispetto agli effetti di 20 tonnellate o più, e che vi possono essere conseguenze anche in relazione alla movimentazione sicura al largo.

Un'altra questione citata concerneva la posizione dei contenitori sulla nave.

La posizione di tutti i container sul ponte rimasti a bordo - vale a dire la maggior parte - è stata confrontata con la posizione immessa nel computer di carico per determinare le condizioni di stabilità.

Essa avrebbe dovuto essere equivalente alle posizioni registrate dall'operatore terminalistico.

Di queste unità, il 7% erano in una posizione sbagliata oppure erano dichiarate erroneamente quanto al contenitore; il rapporto nota come, generalmente, nell'ambito del settore containerizzato si concorda sul fatto che sino al 10% dei box caricati su una nave potrebbero non essere nella loro posizione programmata.

Anche se molte delle raccomandazioni contenute nell'ultimo rapporto riguardavano la progettazione e le operazioni delle portacontainer, i due rapporti sono strettamente collegati per quanto attiene la necessità di un codice settoriale delle procedure e si può prevedere che alcuni cambiamenti potranno derivarne nel prossimo futuro.
(da: Cargo Systems, maggio 2008, pagg. 58-59)


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Michail Stahlhut will step down as CEO of Hupac in May
Noise
Bertschi: Under his leadership, the company's position as a leading provider of combined road/rail transport in Europe has been strengthened.
Members of the Ravenna Marine Resource Partnership Body have been appointed.
Ravenna
It will meet for the first time on February 4th and will remain in office for four years
Messina (Assarmatori): MIT's decree on cold ironing is a good thing.
Rome
This is a fundamental step - he underlined - to ensure that the electrification of the platforms is actually usable.
Contship has joined the Digital Container Shipping Association's DCSA+ program.
Melzo
Among the goals, improving the efficiency of terminal operations, the accuracy of planning and collaboration with shipping companies.
The Argentine Port Workers' Federation threatens a strike at national ports.
The Silver
Action in support of workers at the port of Concepción del Uruguay
In 2025, freight traffic in the port of Taranto grew by +0.8%
Taranto
In the last quarter alone, a decrease of -22.6% was recorded
Last year, container traffic in the port of Valencia grew by +3.4%
Valencia
5,662,661 TEUs were handled
Fincantieri wins Italian Navy contract to enhance naval vessels' cyber resilience
New facility in Charleston for the production and testing of marine power and propulsion systems
Arlington
It was inaugurated by Leonardo DRS, a subsidiary of the Italian Leonardo
Project to strengthen maritime and port cybersecurity
Brest/Brussels/Rome
The partners are France Cyber Maritime, FEPORT and the Federation of the Sea
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
Container traffic at the Port of Los Angeles fell by 10.6% in the last quarter of 2025.
Los Angeles
A decrease of -0.6% was recorded for the whole year
In the first six months of operation InnoWay Trieste produced 170 railway wagons
Trieste
The construction of 600 units is planned in Bagnoli della Rosandra in 2026
Ferretti rejects KKCG Maritime's partial and conditional voluntary takeover bid.
Milan
Strong confidence in the company's long-term strategy reaffirmed
Haropa Port sets new container traffic record
Le Havre
Last year, overall freight traffic increased by +2%
Decio Lucano, the dean of shipping journalists, has passed away.
Genoa
His paper adventures are countless, including "Vita e Mare" and "TMM", but also digital with "DL News"
Marsa Maroc orders 106 electric terminal tractors from Terberg
Benschop
They will be employed in the port of Nador West Med
Contargo acquires 50% of Cargo-Center-Graz Logistik
Mannheim
The German company extends its intermodal network to the Adriatic ports of Koper and Rijeka.
A single binding offer from Dubai for the purchase of the Venice Ro-Port Mos
Venice
The company manages the terminal for the motorways of the sea and cruises in Fusina
The Port of Long Beach handled record container traffic in 2025
Long Beach
In the last quarter, a decrease of -8.8% was recorded
HMM to introduce AI-based autonomous navigation solutions on 40 vessels
Seoul
Contract with Avikus and agreement with KSOE
Two new rail connections to Germany from the Padua Interport
Padua
They are operated by InRail and LTE Italia
Intersea has become the general agent in Italy for the Portuguese GS Lines
Genoa
The shipping company is part of Grupo Sousa
MSC and Qatari company Maha to develop and manage the Libyan port of Misurata
Paris/Misurata
An investment of 1.5 billion dollars is expected
F2i has been awarded the concession for the Lavagna tourist port
Milan
The concession contract will have a duration of 50 years
Eni launches the hull of the Coral North FLNG
Geoje/San Donato Milanese
It will be used offshore Cabo Delgado, north of Mozambique.
Laghezza has acquired a logistics warehouse in Sarzana
La Spezia
The aim is to establish a local hub for local production activities.
The Red Sea Container Terminal at the Egyptian port of Sokhna has been inaugurated.
Sokhna
It is operated by a joint venture of Hutchison Ports, COSCO and CMA Terminals
The GNV Altair ferry has joined the GNV fleet
Genoa
It has a capacity of 2,700 passengers and 915 linear metres of rolling stock.
Maersk confirms resumption of MECL transits through the Suez Canal
Copenhagen
The line connects India and the Middle East with the US East Coast
Ignazio Messina & C. has acquired full control of Thermocar
Genoa
The Genoese company operates in the temperature-controlled refrigerated container logistics sector.
Genco's board of directors rejected Diana Shipping's acquisition proposal.
New York/Athens
The American company, however, leaves a glimmer of hope by admitting the validity of the merger
MSC will include the port of Trieste in the Dragon Italy-USA service
Geneva
The Julian port will be reached starting from the second half of February
De Wave Group has acquired French company DL Services.
Genoa
The company specializes in the design of industrial kitchens and the supply of technical components and spare parts on board
CMA CGM's TUX transatlantic service will call at the port of Salerno
Marseille
The line connects Turkey with the East Coast of the USA
New intermodal connections between Northern Italy and Belgium by GTS Rail and CargoBeamer
Bari/Leipzig
Activated on the Padua-Zeebrugge and Liège-Domodossola lines
Cruise traffic in the port of Piraeus increased by +9% last year
Piraeus
Approximately 1.85 million passengers moved
In 2025, cruise traffic in the port of Genoa grew by +6.5%
Genoa
Ferry passengers down 3.6%
Grimaldi took delivery of the PCTC Grande Manila
Naples
The vessel has a total capacity of 9,241 CEUs.
Expedition cruise ship Exploris One to be auctioned off
Nantes
It has a capacity of 144 passengers and 102 crew members.
SeaCube Container Leasing has acquired Martin Container.
Montvale
The company specializes in the refrigerated container segment
Pisano: The Simplified Logistics Zone has great strategic importance for the port of La Spezia.
La Spezia
RINA and HPC launch project to promote green ports in the Caspian region
Genoa
Five-year contract with the OSCE
Vard to build four Multi-Purpose Robotic Vessels for Ocean Infinity
Trieste
The contract has a total value of over 200 million euros
Hanseatic Global Terminals will become sole owner of Florida International Terminal
Rotterdam
A conference on congestion in the North West logistics system will be held in Genoa on January 19th.
Genoa
It will be held at the Transparency Hall of the Liguria Region
The transportation sector enters a turning point with the adoption of artificial intelligence
Ulm
However, most companies are still in the early stages of this process.
Work completed to widen the access channel to the port of Livorno.
Livorno
The width between the two banks will be increased from 70 to 120 meters
Nexans sets a record for the depth of laying a high-voltage submarine cable on the Tyrrhenian Link
Paris
Installation at -2,150 meters
Funds for Spanish ports to adapt to the use of wind energy and other marine renewable energy sources
Madrid
Program with a total value of 212 million euros
CMD - Costruzioni Motori Diesel returns to wholly Italian ownership
Atella
Giorgio and Mariano Negri have acquired 67% of the capital held by the Chinese Loncin Motor Co.
Intesa Sanpaolo is financing the construction of three PCTCs for Grimaldi Euromed.
Milan
The new ships will be delivered later this year
Medlog acquires Australian intermodal operations of Seaway
Fremantle
The transaction will be completed within the first quarter of this year.
MIT has updated cybersecurity measures for national ships, ports and port facilities
Rome
A circular has been published which, among other things, introduces staff training
V.Group has bought the Danish company Njord
London
The company offers the shipping industry solutions for energy efficiency and decarbonisation
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
A conference on congestion in the North West logistics system will be held in Genoa on January 19th.
Genoa
It will be held at the Transparency Hall of the Liguria Region
Spediporto's conference "Take opportunities navigating trade tensions" will be held in Genoa on December 1st and 2nd.
Genoa
It will be held at the Conference Hall of Banca Bper
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Auction of megaterminal in Santos may be postponed due to deadlock within the Federal Government
(A Tribuna)
East Port Said Port faces a new challenge with Europe's carbon rules for shipping
(EnterpriseAM)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
Fire aboard the Majestic ferry in the Port of Genoa
Genoa
The flames were extinguished by the intervention of the on-board fire brigade and did not cause any injuries.
COSCO to acquire control of German logistics company Zippel
Hamburg
Agreement to acquire 80% of its capital
Colombo Port Sets New Annual Container Traffic Record
Columbus
Sri Lanka Ports Authority signs agreement with French shipping group CMA CGM
Viasat to exit British company Navarino's capital
London
ICG to support the Tsikopoulos brothers in reinvesting in the company
The Palau government ensures the full operation of the Naval Registry
Koror
Moses (BMT): Services continue to be provided in accordance with international procedures and standards
In the first nine months of 2025, freight transported on the Austrian rail network increased by +1.4%
Vienna
Growth of +4.9% was recorded in the third quarter alone
Saipem wins $425 million offshore contract to develop the Sakarya gas field.
The decree for the distribution of PNRR resources to interports has been signed.
Rome
The disbursement of 1.9 million euros is expected
Messina, a Genoese company, launches a new service to Algeria.
Genoa
The rotation touches the ports of Fos, Genoa, Barcelona, Algiers, Fos
FS Logistix is the first company in Europe to certify its carbon footprint for freight transport.
Rome
The FS group company has obtained ISO 14067 certification
WASS (Fincantieri Group) wins torpedo supply contract for Indian Navy
Trieste
Contract with a total value of over 200 million euros
FHP Intermodal will become operational on January 1st
Milan
FHP Group completes the integration process between its subsidiaries CFI Intermodal and Lotras
The Coral Adventurer cruise ship ran aground in Papua New Guinea.
Port Moresby
No harm to people on board
d'Amico International Shipping orders two new MR1 product tankers from Guangzhou Shipyard International.
Port of Gioia Tauro: Anchorage fee reduction approved again
Gioia Tauro
A total sum of 1.5 million euros has been allocated
The Council of State has confirmed the legitimacy of the tender for the new Ravano Pier in La Spezia.
Rome/La Spezia
The TAR ruling for Liguria has been confirmed.
Hupac will launch a new shuttle train service between Duisburg and Novara.
Noise
Schedule six rotations per week
Ferry docking slots for Piombino and Elba Island in 2026 have been assigned.
Livorno
Project financing process for the first hydrogen production plant in the port of La Spezia
La Spezia
Project to provide "mobile" supplies to vehicles such as locomotives and boats
The new hydrofoil terminal at the port of Messina will be named after a victim of femicide.
Messina
The initiative to remember Omayma Benghaloum
Three new e-RTG yard cranes have arrived at the PSA Venice-Vecon terminal
Venice
Investment of 8.5 million euros
Fincantieri delivers second multipurpose combat ship to the Indonesian Navy
Trieste
Ceremony at the Muggiano shipyard
The employment contract renewal for transport and logistics company managers has been signed.
Rome
Signed today by Manageritalia and Confetra
In June the Grendi group will equip itself with a fifth ro-ro vessel
Genoa
It will have a load capacity of 3,000 linear meters
Brussels has approved the loan to rescue the rail freight company Lineas.
Brussels
Sixty-one million euros granted by the Belgian government
Green Mobility Partners and KKR Partner to Create European Rail Leasing Platform
Frankfurt
American company invests in GMP
Saipem wins offshore EPCI contract in Qatar
Milan
The contract is worth approximately $3.1 billion.
Wärtsilä sells its Gas Solutions division to German private equity firm Mutares.
Helsinki/Munich
Bank of China finances purchase of Grimaldi Euromed's Grande Melbourne
Amount of 57 million euros
GeneSYS Informatica (Fratelli Cosulich) has acquired 51% of the capital of Navimeteo
KSOE wins $466 million order for four container ships
Lysaker/Seongnam
NYK and Ocean Yield Award Order for Four New LNG Carriers
ONE's Adriatic Service 1 will also make stops at the port of Ancona
Singapore
The line to Damietta has a weekly frequency
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