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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXVI - Number 11/2008 - NOVEMBER 2008

Trasporto marittimo

L'applicazione delle corrette procedure nel trasporto marittimo containerizzato di merci pericolose

Nessuno potrebbe affermarlo con certezza, ma le linee di navigazione containerizzate stimano che fra il 5 ed il 10% di tutti i box trasportati sulle proprie navi contengano merci pericolose.

Sempre che queste merci siano imballate e consegnate ai sensi delle disposizioni del Codice Internazionale Marittimo sulle Merci Pericolose, non dovrebbero esserci problemi per la nave o l'equipaggio.

Tuttavia, le cose non stanno sempre così.

L'Organizzazione Marittima Internazionale stima che qualcosa come il 30% delle spedizioni di merci pericolose non soddisfi i requisiti previsti dal Codice IMDG; tale stima è supportata da indagini occasionali delle autorità portuali e delle autorità marittime, che in passato avevano indicato un livello anche più alto di non conformità.

Ciò che può andare storto quando i rischi comportati da merci pericolose imballate impropriamente vanno fuori controllo è stato illustrato graficamente troppe volte in passato.

Il cloruro di calce ed i fuochi d'artificio sono solo due degli articoli che hanno causato le maggiori perdite di portacontainer, dalla DG Harmony e la CMA Djakarta alla fine degli anni '90 alla Hanjin Pennsylvania e la Hyundai Fortune più recentemente.

Anche quando le merci pericolose costituiscono un soggetto "innocente" negli incidenti che coinvolgono le portacontainer, come nel caso della collisione della Ever Decent e dello spiaggiamento della MSC Napoli, la loro presenza può procurare dei grattacapi ai soccorritori ed agli equipaggi che devono occuparsene.

In ogni caso, quale che sia il loro ruolo nel contesto dell'incidente, esse comportano enormi costi per gli armatori ed i loro assicuratori.

Quando sulla DG Harmony si verificò un incendio in un contenitore con cloruro di calce al largo della costa del Brasile nel novembre del 1998, la nave andò totalmente perduta.

Venne dichiarata l'avaria comune ed il risarcimento complessivo si attestò su quasi 60 milioni di dollari USA.

La CMA Djakarta ebbe a subire un incidente simile al largo dell'Egitto, con una perdita totale assicurata di 40 milioni di dollari USA, e, nel periodo intercorrente fra questi due eventi, si sono verificati altri incendi, che hanno probabilmente coinvolto il cloruro di calcio, a bordo della Sea Land Mariner al largo di Creta e della Aconcagua al largo dell'Ecuador.

Quest'ultimo incendio potrebbe in effetti essere stato innescato da lingotti di magnesio, che sono stati altresì la possibile causa suggerita per l'esplosione sulla Hyundai Fortune a marzo del 2006.

Il costo di questi incidenti è in costante aumento.

La Hanjin Pennsylvania, che dovette subire un incendio fatale a novembre del 2002, è costata agli assicuratori 130 milioni di dollari USA ed il costo massimo probabile della perdita della Hyundai Fortune potrebbe aggirarsi sui 300 milioni di dollari ed oltre.

Ciò che preoccupa gli assicuratori è che, se un incidente simile dovesse accadere su una delle superportacontainer della nuova generazione, a pieno carico, con la perdita totale della nave e di tutto il suo carico, il conto potrebbe aggirarsi su più di 2,1 miliardi di dollari.

Il ruolo-chiave nella minimizzazione dei rischi

La IMO certamente ha un ruolo da svolgere nella minimizzazione dei rischi del ripetersi di un incidente.

Ad esempio, una volta valutati in modo appropriato i rischi indotti dal cloruro di calce, sono state apportate delle modifiche alle disposizioni del Codice IMDG al fine di ridurre la probabilità che una consegna possa auto-incendiarsi.

Tuttavia, ci sono ancora caricatori che non si attengono al codice, sia intenzionalmente, allo scopo di evitare i costi aggiuntivi imposti dei vettori marittimi, sia inconsapevolmente, a causa di ignoranza.

In teoria, è il comandante della nave o il primo ufficiale che deve occuparsi di far sì che ogni contenitore caricato sulla nave sia conforme alle regole pertinenti.

In pratica, ciò è semplicemente impossibile: ci sono troppi contenitori e non c'è abbastanza tempo.

Perciò, è il personale di terra che rappresenta la prima linea di difesa contro i rischi comportati da merci pericolose imballate scorrettamente o mal dichiarate.

Tuttavia, al momento attuale non è previsto alcun obbligo di addestrare il personale di terra ai sensi del Codice IMDG per quanto attiene la ricognizione e l'imballaggio delle merci pericolose.

A settembre del 2007, il TT Club, con il supporto del Regno Unito, ha presentato una proposta alla Sottocommissione merci pericolose, carichi solidi e contenitori dell'IMO che mira a rendere obbligatorio un periodo di addestramento.

Alcuni delegati hanno ritenuto che l'IMO non svolga attività inerente alla regolamentazione delle operazioni a terra, ma una disposizione simile esiste per la modalità aerea ed i rischi assai concreti indotti dalle merci pericolose sono stati l'argomento del giorno.

Le suddette regole non sono ancora entrate in vigore: esse dovranno essere approvate dalla Commissione sulla sicurezza marittima quest'anno prima di diventare l'Emendamento 34-08 nel Codice IMDG, che entrerà in vigore dal 1° gennaio 2009 e diventerà vincolante un anno dopo.

Tuttavia, gli organismi deputati alla formazione stanno già riferendo di un aumento della domanda di addestramento inerente al Codice IMDG.

Un altro significativo cambiamento in arrivo per il Codice IMDG è la revisione dei requisiti relativi all'inquinamento marittimo.

Ciò fa seguito ad un mutamento dei criteri di classificazione che risultano dal lavoro fatto per un sistema di classificazione ed etichettatura dei prodotti chimici armonizzato a livello globale.

Al momento attuale, il Codice IMDG fornisce una lista di sostanze che debbono essere considerate inquinanti per il mare, alcune delle quali vengono indicate come "seriamente inquinanti per il mare" nella lista delle merci pericolose.

Ognuna di loro richiede un'etichettatura ed un'apposizione di cartellini aggiuntive dei contenitori.

Ai sensi dell'Emendamento 34-08, tuttavia, la lista degli inquinanti marittimi sarà solo indicativa: saranno i caricatori ad assumersi la responsabilità di controllare se i prodotti che stanno immettendo nella filiera del trasporto soddisfi i criteri previsti dalla norma.

E' stato suggerito che, piuttosto che compiere lo sforzo e sostenere le spese di testare ogni sostanza, i caricatori finiranno semplicemente per catalogarle tutte come "inquinanti del mare", specialmente perché non c'è ancora nessuna indicazione sulla effettiva applicazione delle disposizioni.

Questa soluzione, anche se elegante ed economica, finisce per eludere lo scopo della norma e quindi può darsi che l'IMO debba tornare a rivedere il modo in cui la regola è stata scritta.

Fornire una guida ai caricatori

Il TT Club ed un certo numero di altri importanti assicuratori hanno interesse a ridurre il numero dei reclami correlati al trasporto di merci pericolose e sono nella situazione tale da poter assicurare una guida agli armatori ed ai caricatori circa il modo migliore per minimizzare i rischi.

Il TT Club dispone di uno specifico documento contenente linee-guida nella propria serie "Stop Loss" sulle merci pericolose ed attualmente è alla ricerca del modo in cui i dati storici sugli incidenti si possano utilizzare per identificare le linee di tendenza ed i settori ad alto rischio.

Infatti, quegli incidenti di rilievo prima evidenziati rappresentano solo la punta dell'iceberg.

Si ritiene che piccole fuoriuscite e piccoli incendi si verifichino tutte le settimane ma che raramente si parli di loro.

In effetti, è la comunità degli assicuratori che spesso dispone delle informazioni necessarie a supportare le nuove iniziative inerenti alla sicurezza delle persone e ora sembra che ci stia muovendo verso uno scenario in cui quella comunità sia maggiormente disposta a condividere più diffusamente quelle informazioni, allo scopo di ridurre le perdite e, non dimentichiamolo, le lesioni e gli incidenti mortali dei marittimi e del personale di terra.
(da: Lloyd's List - TT Club 40th Anniversary 1968-2008, pagg. 16-17)


FROM THE HOME PAGE
Iran announces release of crew of container ship MSC Aries
Tehran
Foreign Minister confirms that seamen from the seized ship will be allowed to leave the country.
Merlo (Federlogistics) relaunches the alarm over the impact of the bridge over the Strait of Messina on naval traffic
Palermo
In the first three months of this year, maritime traffic in the Bosphorus Strait increased by 9.3%
In the first three months of this year, maritime traffic in the Bosphorus Strait increased by 9.3%
Ankara
Growth of transits of all major typologies of naviglio
In the first three months of 2024, cruise traffic in Global Ports Holding's terminals increased by 30% percent.
London
The consortium led by GPH has been selected as a preferential bidder for the Casablanca cruise terminal
In the first quarter of 2024, Maersk Group revenues fell by -13.0% percent.
In the first quarter of 2024, Maersk Group revenues fell by -13.0% percent.
Copenhagen
7.0% increase in the operating costs of containerized shipping
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings scores record results for first quarter
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings scores record results for first quarter
Miami
Also recorded is the highest level of bookings ever
In the first three months of this year, Chinese ports have handled 76.7 million containers (+ 10.0%)
Beijing
The overall traffic of goods with foreign has grown by 9.5%
Of the 80 billion needed investment in EU ports in the next decade, a relevant quota is for the energy transition
Brussels
Indispensable public funding in order to be able to implement planned projects
In the first three months of 2024, China's COSCO Shipowners Group Revenues rose again.
In the first three months of 2024, China's COSCO Shipowners Group Revenues rose again.
Shanghai
In sensitive growth (+ 10.5%) containerized cargoes carried by the fleet with the exception of those on the Asia-Europe route (-9.2%)
In resumption of container traffic in the terminals of Eurogate-Contship Italia in the last quarter of 2023
In resumption of container traffic in the terminals of Eurogate-Contship Italia in the last quarter of 2023
Hamburg
Decline in eventful volumes in Germany. Growth in Italy and activity records in Tanger terminals Med and Limassol
In the first three months of 2024, container traffic handled by COSCO Shipping Ports increased by 9.2%
Hong Kong
Revenue up 1.4%
ECSA, well the EU production target of 40% relatively to clean fuel for shipping
Brussels
Raptis : We will work to ensure that this benchmark translates into immediate actions
Port Marghera, okay to renewal of concession at Terminal Intermodal Venice
Venice
It will expire in 2050. Approved the 2023 budget of the AdSP of the Northern Adriatic
In the first quarter of 2024 container traffic in the port terminals of China's CMPort grew by 9.0%
Hong Kong
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Exceptional first quarter of year for Royal Caribbean Cruises
Miami
Historic record of passengers embarked. Spike in economic performance for the period. Liberty : The one in progress is the best wave season in history
In the third quarter of 2023 the traffic in goods in EU ports decreased by -6.5%
Luxembourg
The loads at landing and boarding dropped by -7.2% and -5.4%, respectively.
The performance of Bureau Veritas in the shipping and offshore sector is growing.
Paris
Record of order book and fleet value in class
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the AdSP of the Northern Tirreno Sea
Livorno
Last year the number of port workers in Livorno and Piombino decreased by 46 units by falling to 1,767, of which 1,499 were operating (1,632 in 2022) and 268 administrative (181)
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
Oslo
The proposal, worth about 653 million euros, was accepted by the Board of the Norwegian company and its main shareholders.
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the varo of the Norwegian cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the launch of the cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
Trieste / Miami
It is 322 meters long and has a gross tonnage of 156,300 tons
Paolo Guidi has been named general manager of CMA CGM Italy
Marseille
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
Hamburg
Its network connects ports in Hamburg, Antwerp, Bremerhaven, Koper, Rotterdam and Trieste.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Schindellegi
In growth the handling of volumes of sea and air shipments
ESPO points out issues to be addressed in order to enable European ports to face the next challenges
Brussels
Memorandum in view of the European elections in June
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
Barcelona
As of March 2024, 348mila teu (+ 34.3%) were handled, of which 154mila in transshipment (+ 63.9%) and 194mila in import-export (+ 17.4%)
Fincantieri has delivered the new cruise ship Queen Anne to Cunard
Monfalcone
Concordate with Princess Cruises the postponement of the delivery of the Star Princess
International shipping associations call for help at U.N. to protect shipping
London
Solicited a greater military presence, missions and patrols. The world-they write in a letter to Guterres-would be outraged if four airliners were seized.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
The Cairo
Net tonnage of the naviglio down -59.8% percent. Drastic reduction of -53% of the value of transit fees
The World Shipping Council points to the EU the way to support the economy and trade
Brussels
Butler : We urge the Union to work together with us to safeguard a sustainable, competitive and safe maritime sector
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
Brønnøysund / Gursken
Order of Torghatten company at the shipyard Myklebust
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent.  Increase of containers
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent. Increase of containers
Rotterdam
Strong increase (+ 29.0%) of feeder ships departing from the Dutch stopover to the Mediterranean ports
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
St. Petersburg
Drastic reduction of passenger traffic in the Crimean port scans
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
Tytgat (SEA Europe) : A European maritime industrial strategy is urgently needed
Brussels
Round table with representatives of the institutions of the European Union
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Washington / Brussels/London / Singapore
He will retire at the end of July in Butler when the latter is retiring.
Speeding up the times to make the port of the Spezia and its retroport the first ZFD
The Spezia
They ask for maritime agents, customs officers and freight forwarders
Air and passenger routing service in the ports of Olbia and Gulf Aranci
Cagliari
It will be managed by the Roman Italpol Fiduciary Services
Decision to drop -15.1% percent of goods in the port of Taranto in the first quarter
Taranto
The loads at the landing decreased by -21.0% and those at the embarkation of -8.7%
This year the national forum for rail freight transport Mercintrain will be held in Padua
Padova
It will take place within the scope of Green Logistics Expo
Inaugurated in Safaga, Egypt, a factory for the construction of tugboats
Safaga
Ten naval units will be carried out for Suez Canal Authority
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
New Italy-Libya-Egypt service of Tarros and Messina
The Spezia / Genoa
It will be inaugurated in mid-June and made with two ships
Tomorrow PSA Venice will open the Venetian terminal to the port community and the city
Venice
Hannibal plans to activate a rail link between Italy, Hungary and Romania
Melzo
Two weekly rotations will be inaugurated by the end of 2024.
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the Central Tirreno's AdSP
Naples
Annunziata : the coming years, fundamentals to finalise the European investment of the PNRR
Sensitive increase in the production and sale of CIMC dry boxes
Hong Kong
Chinese firm responds to growth in demand
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the AdSP of the South Tyrrhenic and Ionian
Joy Tauro
May 6 meeting at MIT on the future of the Gioia Tauro Port Agency
The 2023 budget of the East Ligure Sea AdSP shows a primary surplus of six million
The Spezia
In the year new investments of around 17 million euros
Cargotec's quarterly net profit to 81.2 million (+ 11.8%)
Helsinki
In the first three months of 2024, revenues fell by -1.7% percent.
The negative trend of the economic performance of the ONE continues, less marked.
The negative trend of the economic performance of the ONE continues, less marked.
Singapore
In the first three months of 2024 the goods in containers carried by the fleet increased by 15.6%
The Genovese Messina has taken delivery of the largest ship in its fleet
Genoa
The "Jolly Verde" is a 6,300-teu container ship
The inclusion of the Civitavecchia port in the Core network of the TEN-T network is final.
Cyvitavecchia
On Wednesday the OK of the European Parliament
In 2023 the goods transported by Rail Cargo Group decreased by -11%
Vienna
Revenue in decline of -1.8%
Sustained quarterly growth of new orders acquired by Wärtsilä
Helsinki
In the first three months of this year, the group's revenues fell by -9.8% percent.
DIS orders two more new tankers LR1
Luxamburgo
New commits at the Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co.
An MSC container ship targeted with missiles and drones in the Gulf of Aden
San'a ' /Portsmouth
No damage to the ship and crew
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the Central Adriatic AdSP
Ancona
In the first quarter of 2024 the orders of port means produced by Konecranes fell by -51.6%
Hyvinkää
Grimaldi has taken delivery of the multipurpose ro-ro Great Abidjan
Naples
It is the fourth of six class ships "G5"
Baltimore attributes to owner and operator of the ship Dali the blame for the collapse of the Key Bridge
Baltimore
They would have been established dysfunction to the power supply on board that would cause a blackout
Grimaldi and IMAT have renewed the five-year agreement for the training of crews
Castel Volturno
Focus on new technologies installed on board ships
The quarterly economic performance of DSV is still declining
Hedehusene
In the first quarter of this year, the value of net profit decreased by -27.2%
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the AdSP of the Sardinia Sea
Cagliari
An administration surplus of 530 million euros, of which more than 475 tied for works in progress
US imports of dangerous goods have been penalized during the pandemic.
Washington
Survey by the Government Accountability Office
In 2023 CEPIM-Parma's Interport recorded a growth of 6.8% of the value of production
Bianconese of Fontevivo
Net profit di788mila euro (+ 223.2%)
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
On April 11, the sixth edition of the "Italian Port Days" will begin.
Rome
Also this year the project has been divided into two sessions : the first in the spring and the second from September 20 to October 20
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Iran says MSC Aries vessel seized for 'violating maritime laws'
(Reuters)
Le transport maritime national navigue à vue
(Aujourd'hui Le Maroc)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Relazione del presidente Mario Mattioli
Roma, 27 ottobre 2023
››› File
In the first quarter of 2024, UPS Group revenues fell by -5.3%
Atlanta
Net profit down -41.3%
Grendi has perfected the purchase of the ship Wedellsborg
Milan
It will be renamed with the name of "Grenching Futura"
Grimaldi consolidates its presence in China with new headquarters in Shanghai
Naples / Shanghai
Inaugurates the offices of the Grimaldi Shipping Agency Shanghai
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the Western Ligure Sea AdSP
Genoa
The new endowment of the institution's organic plant provides for 50 hires, including three managerial positions
First plant for the distribution of LNG and GNC to vehicles in the port of La Spezia
The Spezia
It has been installed in Stagnoni locations
Agreement between MSC, MSC Foundation and Mercy Ships for the construction of a new hospital ship
Geneva / Lindale
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
Agreement Assshipowners-ITS Academy G. Caboto for training in the maritime, port and logistics sectors
Rome
In the first quarter of 2024, the port of Algeciras handled 1.2 million containers (+ 8.1%)
Algeciras
The traffic in overall goods increased by 3.3%
In the first three months of this year in Valencia, container port traffic grew by 12.1% percent.
Valencia
In March, the increase was 15.7% percent.
The Spezia and Carrara try to break down the bell towers and solicit cooperation at the ports of Genoa and Savona
The Spezia
Abstract : It is necessary to present itself in the market as a coordinated system
Switzerland and Switzerland cut trade between Italy and Switzerland.
Bern
In the first three months of the 2024 decline in Swiss exports. Stable imports
Port of Naples, striking of the fast ferry Island of Procida against a quay
Naples
About thirty minor injuries among passengers
Summoned for April 23 a meeting at MIT on former TCT port workers
Taranto
The unions had requested clarification on the future of the 330 members of the Taranto Port Workers Agency.
The outer Levant dock of the Arbatax port has returned fully operational
Cagliari
In August 2020 he had been shouted by the ferry "Bithia"
The Port of Los Angeles closed the first quarter with a 29.6% percent growth in container traffic
Los Angeles
Expected a continuation of the positive trend
Stable the value of ABB's revenues in the first quarter
Zurich
The new orders are down -5.0% percent. At the end of July Rosengren will leave the CEO position in Wierod
The crisis of the Cooperative Sole Workers of Porto Flavio Gioia officialized at institutions and trade unions
Salerno
USB Mare and Porti, what's going on in the port of Salerno is the result of pressure from shipowners
Euronav sells its own ship management company to Anglo-Eastern
Antwerp / Hong Kong
Manages the fleet of tanker ships of the Antwerp company
Genoa Shipbuilding Industries has acquired a submersible barge of the cargo capacity of 14,000 tonnes
Genoa
It can also be employed as a floating basin for the varo of artifacts up to 9,800 tons
Venice Cold Stores & Logistics obtains the qualification of tax warehouse for wines and sparkling
Venice
Extension of the services offered to companies in the wine sector
Gasparate urges to exempt property of interports from payment of the Imu
Nola
President of the Union Interports Reunited warned that with the PNRR construction sites the railway intermodality is at risk
Hapag-Lloyd plans future investments to expand business in the terminal and intermode sectors
Hamburg
Among the markets, the company focuses attention on Africa, India, Southeast Asia and the Pacific
Set up a consortium to decarbonize transport on the northern Pacific route
Vancouver
It is formed by nine companies and entities and is open to other partners
In the first quarter of this year, container traffic in the port of Long Beach increased by 16.4%
Long Beach
In March, the increase was 8.3% percent.
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