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COUNCIL OF INTERMODAL SHIPPING CONSULTANTSYEAR XXVII - Number 11/2009 - NOVEMBER 2009

Logistica

Panalpina e Manor: alla ricerca degli spiriti affini

A differenza di molte altre agenzie di logistica globali, la Panalpina si concentra ancora principalmente sui servizi di spedizione sviluppati mediante una crescita organica.

Containerisation International ha intervistato la c.e.o. della Panalpina, Monika Ribar, in ordine alle ragioni di questa strategia, nonché uno dei suoi clienti con sede in Svizzera, la Manor, circa il modo in cui essa viene poi messa in pratica.

Nel corso degli ultimi 10 anni, la solida crescita dell'elvetica Panalpina l'ha portata ad essere il terzo spedizioniere di merci per via aerea a livello mondiale ed il quarto spedizioniere di merci marittimo in termini di volumi di carico.

Un'insolita caratteristica di questa crescita consiste nel fatto che essa è stata quasi tutta conseguita in modo organico.

Fusioni ed acquisizioni hanno svolto un ruolo minore, anche dopo che il 56% delle quote azionarie della società sono andate alla Fondazione Ernst Göhner a settembre del 2005.

Commentando tale situazione, Monika Ribar, c.e.o. della società, ha dichiarato: “Fino adesso, non abbiamo avvertito la necessità di essere tutto per tutti quanti, il che normalmente comporta dover acquisire le parti di cui non si dispone.

I nostri clienti non ce l'hanno richiesto e quelle società di logistica che stanno cercando di diventare come i negozi “tutto per…”, come la Deutsche Bahn e la Deutsche Post, sembra che stiano riscontrando come l'accaparramento di acquisizioni disparate sia un'attività assai difficoltosa”.

Al momento dell'offerta pubblica iniziale della Panalpina, si era pensato che il salto finanziario fosse il preludio di grandi cose a venire e, in effetti, persistono ancora le voci secondo cui la Panalpina stia per unirsi ad un'altra società per ricevere maggiori economie di scala, ma ancora non è stato annunciato nulla.

Gli esperti finanziari sosterranno che occorre fare qualcosa, dal momento che l'insufficiente capacità di realizzare profitti resta una questione irrisolta.

La situazione finanziaria della Panalpina nel 2008 si è trovata nuovamente oltre la curva e, nei primi sei mesi dell'anno, i suoi proventi dalle vendite sono stati (prima di tasse ed imposte) appena dell'1,7%, rispetto a quelli del leader del mercato, la K+N (Kuehne+Nagel), attestatisi al 6,7%.

Tuttavia, se si ignorassero i problemi legali della società in Nigeria (che hanno comportato nel 2008 una spesa per 55 milioni di dollari USA), ne risulterebbe che essa avrebbe conseguito un molto più rispettabile 4,3%.

Il problema nigeriano ha comportato indagini negli Stati Uniti in ordine all'accusa di pagamenti indebiti effettuati a favore di funzionari nigeriani allo scopo di ottenere un trattamento doganale preferenziale.

Questo alla fine ha fatto sì che la Panalpina decidesse di ritirarsi dal mercato nigeriano verso la fine dello scorso anno.

Poiché le indagini ai sensi della legge statunitense sulle prassi di corruzione straniere sono ancora in corso, le sanzioni pecuniarie comminate alla Panalpina continuano ad aumentare.

Nei soli primi sei mesi dell'anno, esse ammontavano ad approssimativamente 29 milioni di dollari USA a livello operativo (prima di tasse ed imposte).

Alla richiesta di commentare questo problema, la Ribar ha risposto: “Tutto ciò che possiamo fare è esaudire le richieste di informazioni del tribunale.

Non siamo noi quelli che conducono le indagini”.

Il confronto con le prestazioni finanziarie della K+N è inevitabile, dato che entrambe le società “globali” hanno sede in Svizzera, ma la Ribar ritiene che debbano essere prese in considerazione le notevoli differenze che esistono fra loro nel valutare le cifre in questione.

Precisa la Ribar: “Ad esempio, una grande percentuale di nostri clienti è costituita da grossi importatori/esportatori, i cui margini sono piccoli.

Inoltre, non siamo impegnati nella logistica contrattuale (ad esempio, dal magazzino al negozio) nella stessa misura, né assicuriamo reti di trasporto interregionali per carichi locali.

Questi settori richiedono investimenti in camion e depositi, mentre noi finora abbiamo sempre voluto restare leggeri dal punto di vista dei beni.

Questo ci consente di concentrarci meglio sulle soluzioni di trasporto a valore aggiunto senza distinzioni fra i clienti, che non sono ostacolate dalla necessità di promuovere una capacità propria”.

Assodato ciò, il fatturato netto della K+N è stato più che doppio rispetto a quello della Panalpina nella prima metà del 2009, anche se il conto relativo al deprezzamento ed all'ammortizzamento dei beni è stato maggiore di quasi cinque volte.

La Panalpina è anche molto più coinvolta nel trasporto merci aereo rispetto alla K+N, dato che il 43% del suo fatturato netto proviene da quel settore, rispetto al 20% della K+N.

Le percentuali di gestione del trasporto merci marittimo delle due società sono state simili (41% rispetto a 38%); tuttavia le altre attività della Panalpina (etichettate come gestione della filiera delle forniture) ammontavano ad appena il 16%, laddove quelle della K+N (raggruppate sotto le denominazioni di trasporto ferroviario e stradale, logistica contrattuale e beni immobiliari) hanno raggiunto un robusto 42%.

Riguardo al futuro della sola crescita organica, la Ribar non esclude un cambiamento della strategia, ma non ha voluto dire di più sull'argomento o sulle voci che circondano il futuro della Panalpina.

Afferma la Ribar: “Da quando nel 2005 siamo diventati una società quotata in borsa, naturalmente siamo dovuti diventare più trasparenti, di modo che gli interessi esterni al nostro interno sono aumentati enormemente.

Di conseguenza, l'officina delle voci ha un sacco di lavoro da fare! Detto ciò, la crescita organica sta diventando più difficile ed il panorama commerciale sta cambiando.

La vendita di imprese in difficoltà in questa recessione potrebbe fornire qualche interessante opportunità.

Peraltro, finché ciò non avverrà, noi continueremo a concentrarci solo su quei settori in cui possiamo aggiungere valore”.

Uno dei suoi mercati di primaria importanza è costituito dalla direttrice di traffico fra l'Asia e l'Europa, in cui la filiera di dettaglio della svizzera Manor è diventata un importante cliente.

Alla richiesta di spiegare perché si serva della Panalpina, Rainer Deutschmann, direttore della filiera delle forniture del gruppo in questione, ha dichiarato:

“Noi pensiamo che la Panalpina condivida gli stessi nostri valori in ordine ai servizi.

Loro sanno di che cosa abbiamo bisogno per far felici i nostri clienti, perciò parliamo lo stesso linguaggio, il che è sempre un buon punto di partenza.

La Panalpina, poi, è anche proattiva: ad esempio, le nostre merci provenienti dalla Cina richiedono trasporto aereo, trasporto marittimo ed una combinazione fra i due, ma i dirigenti della Panalpina recentemente hanno avuto l'idea di servirsi del trasporto aereo e della ferrovia, ed è stato un successo.

L'innovazione è un fattore-chiave di successo nell'attività delle vendite al dettaglio.

I partner che stanno nella nostra filiera delle forniture devono adeguarsi a tali esigenze, e la Panalpina lo fa”.

La Manor importa merci da tutto il mondo; le merci cinesi vengono consolidate dalla Panalpina presso i propri centri per la distribuzione a Shanghai, Shenzhen e Hong Kong.

Le merci vengono procurate dalla consociata della Manor in Cina (la ditta Herma), che si occupa della gestione delle scorte, di modo che il ruolo della Panalpina è limitato all'assunzione della responsabilità della filiera dei trasporti presso i suoi depositi.

L'instradamento delle merci viene determinato sulla base degli ordini di acquisto FOB della Herma ai fornitori.

Precisa Deutschmann: “Queste istruzioni vengono trasmesse alla Panalpina via EDI, di modo che da quel momento in poi è garantita una completa visibilità.

Tuttavia, non proprio tutto viene consegnato in tempo presso i depositi della Panalpina, e perciò è necessario un costante monitoraggio delle date di arrivo in Svizzera richieste.

Questo è un altro settore in cui si apprezza la gestione proattiva”.

Un altro settore in cui si dice che la Panalpina riesca ad andare al di là dell'ordinaria amministrazione è il controllo delle merci in arrivo presso i suoi magazzini cinesi.

Un cartone su 10 viene sottoposto a verifica in ordine al contenuto ed ai danni, e talvolta la frequenza è maggiore nel caso di nuovi fornitori.

Ogni cartone, inoltre, è etichettato con un codice a barre al fine di assicurarne il corretto smistamento all'arrivo in Svizzera.

Il compito in questione è complesso, dato che la Manor smercia al dettaglio oltre 750.000 linee di prodotti alimentari e non, provenienti da 6.500 diversi fornitori situati in tutto il mondo.

Le prestazioni al riguardo vengono monitorate dalla Manor mediante un rapporto settimanale con indicatore di prestazioni-chiave auto-valutate dalla Panalpina.

I parametri di misurazione comprendono le prestazioni in termini di tempi di consegna per ciascuna modalità di trasporto, la fatturazione ed il trasporto oltre il porto di scarico.

Approfondisce Deutschmann: “Quello che misuriamo è ciò che vorremmo migliorare, di modo che riusciamo a coprire l'intera filiera delle forniture sino alla consegna presso i nostri centri di distribuzione in Svizzera.

Ad esempio, oltre alla precisione degli orari dei vettori marittimi, noi monitoriamo anche i tempi di consegna ferroviari dal porto di scarico europeo prescelto, che nella maggior parte dei casi è Amburgo”.

La Panalpina si occupa in prima persona delle trattative con i vettori marittimi per il trasporto delle merci, ma la Manor di quando in quando si serve della piattaforma di aste online della Agentrics per i contenitori a pieno carico, giusto per tastare il polso degli attuali livelli tariffari del mercato.

In questo solo caso, il trasporto marittimo di contenitori viene trattato quasi come una derrata.

Il magazzinaggio in Svizzera è considerato un servizio primario dalla Manor, e così esso non viene affidato a terzi, il che spiega perché la Panalpina finora sia stata riluttante ad impegnarsi nella logistica contrattuale.

Afferma Deutschmann: “Secondo la nostra strategia, noi affidiamo a terzi solo le funzioni che consideriamo una competenza non primaria.

Il magazzinaggio è una funzione primaria e questo spiega perché disponiamo di soluzioni di deposito di nostra proprietà.

Le altre principali funzioni di attività con alti e bassi, fra cui le spedizioni ed il trasporto interno, vengono affidate a terzi.

Secondo la nostra strategia strutturata su venditori multipli, la Panalpina ha solamente una parte limitata nel contesto della nostra attività complessiva, il che non ha nulla a che fare con i suoi limiti di prestazione.

Pertanto, ci serviamo di altre agenzie di spedizione, e, poiché la Panalpina non è specializzata nel trasporto interno, questa parte della nostra filiera delle forniture viene assegnata ad altri”.

L'ambiente è preso in grande considerazione nell'ambito delle filiere delle forniture della Manor e l'eliminazione dei rifiuti rappresenta il principale obiettivo.

Fa notare Deutschmann: “Questa strategia è la conseguente applicazione dell'attività di eccellenza.

Noi abbiamo vissuto quest'ultima per molti anni in tutti i settori della filiera delle forniture.

Ogni investimento che ci consente di eliminare i rifiuti ci aiuta a migliorare l'ambiente per tutti.

Ad esempio, il modo in cui ordiniamo la merce ci mette in grado di raccogliere le merci, riducendo perciò la domanda di spazio.

Una efficiente pianificazione delle procedure riduce anche il trasporto aereo di merci.

Il modo in cui noi acquisiamo oltremare le merci su base franco fabbrica o FOB ci mette ulteriormente in condizione di unificare il flusso fisico delle merci e di ridurre i traffici.

La raffinata meccanizzazione ed il passaggio dei flussi di merce attraverso i nostri centri di distribuzione ci consente di riempire maglio i camion e adesso il 100% dei trasporti in entrata da Amburgo viene effettuato dalla ferrovia”.

La Manor sottopone altresì a monitoraggio la produzione di CO2 da parte delle proprie filiere delle forniture, e pertanto si rammarica che continuino ad esserci così pochi modi efficienti di importare le merci attraverso i porti del Mediterraneo che sono più vicini ai propri depositi.

Ciò induce a considerare in che modo la filiera del dettaglio ritiene che le proprie esigenze possano cambiare in futuro.

Conclude Deutschmann: “Siamo in un settore di attività con margini assai esigui ed un quantitativo di capitale molto elevato impiegato nelle scorte di merce.

In futuro, avremo bisogno di diventare più agili, il che richiederà una migliore affidabilità ed una maggiore velocità a prezzi più bassi.

Una maggiore affidabilità comporta investimenti nell'eccellenza dell'attività lungo l'intera filiera di servizio, dall'entrata in dogana nel paese A allo sdoganamento nel paese B.

Rispetto al trasporto merci marittimo, maggiore velocità a prezzi inferiori vorrà dire un maggiore uso dei porti del Mediterraneo”.

Poiché i vettori marittimi stanno attualmente rallentando le navi allo scopo di risparmiare carburante, soluzione, questa, che potrebbe rivelarsi uno strumento a lungo termine, il messaggio dà loro molto da pensare.
(da: Containerisation International, 01.11.2009)



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Stena Line to buy Latvian port operator Terrabalt
Gothenburg
It handles rolling stock, bulk cargo, and general cargo traffic in the port of Liepaja.
Meyer Turku begins construction of Royal Caribbean's fourth "Icon"-class cruise ship
Miami/Turku
It will be delivered in 2027
More than one in ten maritime shipments has shortages
Washington
This is what a report by the World Shipping Council has revealed, highlighting the safety risks
Last July, traffic in the port of Ravenna increased by +3.8%
Ravenna
In the first seven months of 2025, growth was +5.4%
In the first quarter of 2025, freight traffic in Belgian ports fell by -3.2%.
Brussels
Landings down 1.3% and embarkations down 5.4%
Product tanker High Fidelity rescues 38 migrants on a drifting dinghy
Rome
Intervention in the south of the island of Crete
GES and RINA sign agreement to develop a prototype of a new hydrogen battery
Rovereto/Genoa
PSA's second phase of container terminal at Mumbai Port inaugurated
Singapore
Annual traffic capacity will increase to 4.8 million TEUs
The conference "EU ETS - Perspectives and Opportunities for Decarbonization in the Maritime Sector" will be held in Palermo.
Rome
It will be held on September 18th and 19th
Fincantieri and PGZ sign an agreement to support the modernization of the Polish Navy
Trieste
The third LSS section for Chantiers de l'Atlantique was launched in Castellammare di Stabia.
In the US, funding for wind energy development projects in ports is being cut.
Washington
Resources worth $679 million will be reallocated for port infrastructure upgrades
From January 1st, Kombiverkehr will operate the PKV intermodal terminal in the port of Duisburg.
Frankfurt am Main
It has a traffic capacity of approximately 200 thousand intermodal units per year.
Wallenius Marine and ABB form Overseas joint venture
Stockholm
The aim is to accelerate the launch of the platform of the same name for improving fleet performance.
DHL eCommerce has acquired a minority stake in Saudi Arabia's AJEX Logistics Services.
Bonn/Riyadh
The Middle Eastern company has two thousand employees
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport has asked the Region to agree on the appointment of Bagalà as president of the Sardinian Port Authority.
Rome
He is currently the extraordinary commissioner of the same body
CMPort's port terminals handled record container traffic in the second quarter
Hong Kong
In the first six months of 2025 the total was 78.8 million TEUs (+4.3%)
Confitarma approves the decree on advanced training for tanker seafarers.
Rome
Applause to the General Command of the Port Authority Corps
Quarterly freight traffic in Moroccan ports increases
Tangier/Casablanca
In Tanger Med the growth was +17%
The board of directors of the Genoa-based Ente Bacini has been renewed.
Genoa
President Alessandro Arvigo and CEO Maurizio Anselmo
In the second quarter, sales of dry containers produced by CIMC fell by -33%.
Hong Kong
Reefer boats increase by 57%
The Grimaldi Group has taken delivery of the Grande Shanghai
Naples
It will be used for the transport of vehicles between East Asia and Northern Europe
Chinese automaker FAW ships components to Europe by train
Changchun
Transit time reduced to 18 days compared to 45 days for maritime transport
The ART urges to verify that the investment plan and the related amortization period are consistent with the duration of the port concessions.
Turin
Opinions regarding the concession extensions requested by the Neapolitan companies So.Te.Co. and Co.Na.Te.Co.
The assets and fleet of the Spanish Armas Trasmediterránea will be sold to Baleària and DFDS
Las Palmas/Dénia/Copenhagen
Two agreements worth €215 million and €40 million respectively have been signed.
Italian State Railways (FS), investing €70 million to install the ERTMS system.
Rome
Work has been completed on 382 Trenitalia trains, while the retrofitting of 60 locomotives from Mercitalia Rail, an FS Logistix company, is underway.
MPC Container Ships' quarterly revenue returns to growth
The second quarter of 2025 was closed with a net profit of 78.1 million dollars (+20.5%)
Plans to build two container customs areas north and south of the Suez Canal
Cairo
Fourteen of the 48 abandoned shipwrecks in Catania port have been removed.
Catania
The activity will be replicated in the port of Augusta
The Regional Administrative Court (TAR) has confirmed the validity of the tender for the new Ravano Terminal in the port of La Spezia.
La Spezia
DP World's port terminals handled record quarterly container traffic
Dubai
Revenues grew by 22.2% in the first half of 2025
In the quarter April-June the volume of rolling stock transported by Höegh Autoliners increased by +9.0%
Oslo
Sharp increase (+46.6%) of vehicles from Asia
South Korea's HD Korea Shipbuilding & Offshore Engineering acquires Vietnam's Doosan Enerbility
Seongnam
It manages an industrial area with its own port facility
Container traffic in the port of Algeciras grew by 6.6% in July
Algeciras
In the first seven months of 2025, a decrease of -2.9% was recorded
In July, the port of Valencia handled 488,000 containers (+6.7%)
Valencia
Increase driven by growth in empty containers
Salvini has appointed Annalisa Tardino as extraordinary commissioner of the Western Sicilian Sea Port Authority.
Rome/Palermo
The President of the Sicilian Region announces the appeal against the provision
The materials dredged in the ports of La Spezia and Carrara will be used for the construction of the new breakwater in Genoa.
Genoa/La Spezia
Agreement between the two Ligurian Port System Authorities
X-Press Feeders denounces authorities' failure to acknowledge responsibility in the X-Press Pearl accident
Singapore
According to the company, the Supreme Court ruling ignores international maritime law
Cargo traffic in Russian ports remained stable in July
St. Petersburg
In the first seven months of 2025, loads decreased by -4.6%
Container traffic in the port of Hong Kong decreased by -6.5% in July
Hong Kong
A decline of -3.7% was recorded in the first seven months of 2025
In July, the Port of Singapore set a new all-time record for monthly container traffic with 3.9 million TEUs.
Singapore
In terms of weight, containerized cargo decreased by -3.6%
Compensation to be paid by the Civitavecchia Port Authority in the Fincosit case has been set at €1.5 million.
Civitavecchia
Latrofa: The ruling allows the release of set-aside sums that have frozen the budget for years.
Germany's HHLA posts record quarterly revenue
Hamburg
In the second quarter, the group's port terminals handled 3.2 million containers (+7.9%)
In the first half of 2025, CK Hutchison's port terminals handled 44 million containers (+4.0%)
Hong Kong
In the quarter April-June the Wallenius Wilhelmsen fleet transported 14.8 million cubic meters of rolling stock (-0.5%)
Lysaker
Revenues down by -0.7%
In the second quarter, Montenegro's ports handled 670 thousand tons of goods (+0.6%)
Podgorica
Volumes with Italy amounted to 154 thousand tons (+53.1%)
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Conference: "Waiting and Delays in Road Transport: Logistics in Check"
Genoa
Organized by Trasportounito, it will be held on September 26th in Genoa
The conference "EU ETS - Perspectives and Opportunities for Decarbonization in the Maritime Sector" will be held in Palermo.
Rome
It will be held on September 18th and 19th
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Korean Firms Reassess U.S. Investments After Mass Immigration Raid
(The Korea Bizwire)
Russia's infrastructure development plan aims to build 17 marine terminals by 2036
(Interfax)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
With the arrival of the first container ship, the testing of operational procedures at the Rijeka Gateway begins.
The Hague
The first commercial ship is expected on September 12th
A proposal to bring the port of Taranto back onto global container routes? Start a discussion table.
Taranto
Meeting on the status of freight traffic
Port of Ancona: Tender for demolition of fire-damaged Tubimar warehouses
Ancona
The expected duration of the works is four and a half months
Merger of the German MACS and Hugo Stinnes, both active in the MPP vessel segment
Hamburg/Rostock
Stinnes headquarters in Rostock to close by December 31
In the second quarter, freight traffic in Albanian ports grew by +2.9%
Tirana
There were 331 thousand passengers (+13.6%)
A.SPE.DO, operationalizing the Smart Terminal to increase the competitiveness of the port of La Spezia.
La Spezia
ING loans to Premuda for over 100 million dollars
Milan
Funds for the management buyout and the purchase of two product tankers
Sallaum Lines has taken delivery of the first of six Ocean-class dual-fuel PCTCs
Rotterdam
The ship was completed four months ahead of schedule
First meeting of the new Management Committee of the Western Ligurian Sea Port Authority
Genoa
Several measures approved, including those for CULMV and CULP staff
Euroports to operate a new liquid bulk terminal in the French port of Port-La Nouvelle
Beveren-Kruibeke-Zwijndrecht
It is expected to become operational in 2026
In the second quarter, freight traffic in the port of Ravenna increased by +2.6%
Ravenna
Growth of 0.6% was recorded in June. An increase of 4.8% is expected in July.
OsserMare presents five reports on the marine economy
Rome
They focus on a specific sector supply chain or aspect of it
Port of Naples: Road haulage operations resume
Naples
Resolution meeting between institutions, operators and trade associations
ICTSI again reports record quarterly financial and operating results
Manila
Global Ship Lease Reports Record Quarterly Revenue
Athens
In the April-June period, net profit was 95.4 million dollars (+8.4%)
Vard receives new order from North Star for two hybrid SOVs
Trieste
Contract worth between 100 and 200 million euros
The Panama Shipping Registry will no longer accept the registration of oil tankers and bulk carriers over 15 years old.
Panama
Measure to counter the use of the shadow fleet
Danaos Corporation reports record quarterly revenue
Athens
The April-June period closed with a net profit of 130.9 million (-7.3%)
New customs fast corridor between the port of La Spezia and Interporto Padova
Padua
It adds to the other three already active on the same route
ICTSI to operate Indonesia's Batu Ampar Container Terminal
Manila
It is located on Batam Island
Pino Musolino has been appointed CEO of the Alilauro shipping company.
Naples
He replaces the resigning Eliseo Cuccaro
In the second quarter, DIS' time charter revenues fell by -37.1%.
Luxembourg
Net income was $19.6 million (-70.5%)
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