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14 August 2026 - Year XXX
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics

Convegno

"Federalismo Portuale:
i Porti di Roma e del Lazio, un modello di sistema regionale"

Sala del Tempio di Adriano
Roma 12 dicembre 2003

Presentazione del Presidente di Porti di Roma e del Lazio
Gianni Moscherini

 

Il Laboratorio Lazio

Quando si parla di federalismo e nella fattispecie di federalismo portuale, indipendentemente dalle considerazioni di diritto positivo, si tende a dimenticare spesso che la parola e i fenomeni retrostanti, stanno ad indicare un processo di aggregazione progressiva di territori. Essi, attraverso la messa in comune delle proprie risorse, legate alla logistica, hanno cercato o cercano di diventare più forti e, pertanto, più competitivi rispetto ad altre realtà territoriali.

Chi si federa, dal basso, secondo logiche economiche e territoriali non fa che integrarsi attraverso alleanze che altro non sono che un sistema di relazioni, volte a creare un soggetto più robusto, senza cancellare le identità originarie dalle diverse componenti.

Non sempre, tuttavia, il termine viene interpretato in tal senso, a volte si allude più facilmente ad un processo che viaggia in direzione opposta, verso cioè la disaggregazione e/o la maggiore autonomizzazione di territori che prima facevano parte di un'unità statuale (con legami inter-aree più o meno forti.)

I portatori di interessi diffusi di territori che fanno o vogliono fare sistema o Network portuale, possono e debbono lucidamente interrogarsi sull'opportunità o meno di far crescere il loro reciproco sistema di relazioni, per diventare più forti e per superare lo stadio molecolare e microcompetitivo che li ha caratterizzati fino ad oggi.

Oggi non basta essere grandi per vincere.

Ma certo essere piccoli non aiuta. Tentare la strada delle integrazioni territoriali, delle politiche di Network, costituisce un esercizio di responsabilità territoriale che ha il merito di partire dalle potenzialità reali dell'economia e della società delle aree, per verificarne le potenziali convergenze.

I territori laziali possiedono delle diversità, ciò costituisce un punto di forza. Far convergere queste diversità significa sviluppare un esercizio al quale ci siamo dedicati e, quindi, individuare alcuni fattori chiave:

  • Riconoscere i caratteri distintivi di un territorio rispetto ad un altro e scovarne i punti di forza;
  • Individuare le complementarità possibili da sfruttare;
  • Lasciare spazio a dei legittimi momenti competitivi anche all'interno delle politiche di sistema;
  • Sfruttare, secondo le convenienze, cooperazione e competizione.

Dal lato delle imprese, le politiche competitive sono sempre più interconnesse e dipendenti dalla risorse specifiche dei territori nei quali esse sono insediate, in particolare dalla qualità sistemica e dalla capacità di fare rete dell'ambiente all'interno del quale l'impresa è localizzata. Dal lato dei territori, si sta verificando un contemporaneo incremento di concorrenzialità, che impone l'adozione di logiche e di strumenti competitivi. Imprese e territori evolvono insieme alla ricerca di vantaggi competitivi, essendo gli uni reciprocamente risorse critiche per la competitività degli altri.

La misura dell'eccellenza, ad esempio, è data da quanto, in un determinato sistema sociale, economico e territoriale, circoli l'informazione e quindi quanto sia veloce la capacità di apprendimento e la soluzione veloce ai problemi che si pongono ed alle istanze degli investitori nel territorio.

La globalizzazione delle economie ha comportato il progressivo annullamento delle distanze ed il conseguente avvicinamento delle aree geografiche di tutto il mondo.

Le reti globali consentono di focalizzarsi sulle migliori condizioni offerte da un territorio in un dato momento annullando le precedenti valutazioni sulle condizioni politiche o storiche e intensificando i processi competitivi tra i territori.

I porti sono elementi critici dei territori, costituiscono l'ossatura del sistema logistico specie in aree dove la mobilità marittima può divenire il volano di una crescita servita favorendo forti economie di scala. E' il caso della regione Lazio, ove su 100 milioni di tonnellate di merci trasportate sia in che out, solo il 9% utilizza la modalità marittima. La saturazione delle altre modalità di trasporto impone nuove idee che valorizzino risorse inerti nel presente ma di grande valore nel prossimo futuro.

Il primo step è la riduzione della frammentazione dell'offerta portuale e l'esigenza di dare risposta alle istanze delle Imprese del territorio che chiedono di adottare forme di logistica moderne ed efficienti.

Nel Lazio si sta delineando un paradigma nuovo della distribuzione dell'offerta portuale; dal centralismo e dal localismo del passato, l'amministrazione regionale ed il Ministero delle Infrastrutture, muovono verso una nuova politica di sistema realizzando un unico network portuale al servizio del territorio laziale.

Il problema del Coordinamento fra porti al servizio di uno stesso territorio, d'altronde, è sollevato con sempre maggiore frequenza fra gli addetti ai lavori.

Il territorio laziale ha precorso i tempi grazie alla sapiente programmazione di un Ministero delle Infrastrutture sensibile alle esigenze delle politiche di sistema. Uno dei concetti cui si ricorre più frequentemente è quello di "sistema portuale", intendendosi con questo termine un complesso di due o più porti che, essendo al servizio dello stesso territorio, richiedono e giustificano forme di coordinamento e di specializzazione. A questo punto, però, le lingue si ingarbugliano e le proposte che vengono avanzate appaiono spesso dettate da diverse impostazioni di base e sollevano spesso incomprensioni e diffidenze. Specie fra gli amministratori locali preoccupati di perdere in qualche modo il controllo politico sui singoli scali. In particolare, si manifesta la preoccupazione che si arrivi alla costituzione "a cascata" di una serie di organi burocratici, legati da rapporti di subordinazione e controllo, con conseguente appesantimento dei processi decisionali e perdita di quell'impostazione manageriale che, al contrario, è ritenuta unanimemente necessaria per la gestione dei porti.

Per sistema portuale si deve intendere un insieme di porti uniti tra loro da qualche caratteristica comune (ad esempio: il servizio allo stesso territorio e/o il fare parte della stessa rete trasportistica). All'interno del sistema così inteso i porti si condizionano e si influenzano vicendevolmente: Se gli scali si sviluppano liberamente in funzione delle loro caratteristiche e strategie, si dovrà parlare di un sistema portuale naturale; se invece sono sottoposti ad un coordinamento formale, si dovrà parlare di un sistema portuale coordinato.

La considerazione essenziale da fare, è che i porti che fanno parte di uno stesso sistema, soprattutto quando sono in gioco finanziamenti pubblici, devono necessariamente essere sottoposti a qualche forma di coordinamento, se si vuole che il sistema dei trasporti abbia uno sviluppo razionale.

Un'altra considerazione importante, che giustifica l'esigenza di un coordinamento attiene al ruolo dei porti minori, che, nella situazione attuale, risultano pregiudicati rispetto a quelli di maggiore dimensione, caratterizzati dalla presenza di una Autorità Portuale. Si sono di fatto create due famiglie di porti: quelli maggiori godono di una certa autonomia nello sviluppo strategico (poiché le Autorità Portuali possono interagire con gli altri livelli di pianificazione sottoponendo le esigenze e le opportunità di sviluppo dei rispettivi porti) e nella gestione operativa (per la presenza di un organo di promozione e controllo dell'attività degli operatori privati); i minori sono invece rimasti nel loro assetto tradizionale, governati dall'Autorità Marittima, dalle cui competenze istituzionali sono esclusi molti aspetti della gestione e della strategia di sviluppo. Il Network laziale di certo favorirà i porti minori. Infatti grazie alla programmazione è stato possibile attivare da subito una linea diretta ad Arbatax dal porto di Fiumicino. Quanto alle modalità con le quali il coordinamento deve avvenire, è alla ricerca che si deve fare ricorso. La sfida organizzativa che si pone è quella di realizzare forme di coordinamento che rispettino scrupolosamente le autonomie gestionali, evitino l'appesantimento dei processi decisionali, ma consentano al tempo stesso di rendere operanti le sinergie e le razionalizzazioni che sono necessarie per realizzare un sistema trasportistico adeguato alle esigenze di sviluppo del territorio. Rinunciare a raccogliere questa sfida, per il timore di non essere capaci a superarla, significherebbe rinunciare al tempo stesso ad ogni sforzo di miglioramento della situazione. L'estensione dell'Autorità Portuale a Fiumicino e Gaeta consente uno sviluppo armonico delle singole esigenze portuali e logistiche della Regione. L'Amministrazione Regionale deve diventare il vero motore ed impulso della logistica regionale ed extraregionale portando le istanze locali all'attenzione del governo. Il Network portuale laziale è una realtà che nasce dalle esigenze dell'utenza che chiede una razionalizzazione delle risorse ed un'offerta portuale fatta di infrastrutture moderne ma coordinate e sinergiche fra loro. I network producono inevitabilmente economie di scala che favoriscono una contrazione dei costi generali di utilizzo favorendo una crescita portuale per troppo tempo assente dal territorio laziale.

 

Quale ruolo per le amministrazioni regionali?

La riforma dell'ordinamento portuale presenta ancora ampie zone d'ombra e di non attuazione.

Il Network portuale laziale non può non inserirsi, tuttavia, nel dibattito dai risultati ancora del tutto incerti iniziato da quando è stata approvata la legge costituzionale numero 3 del 2001, che ha introdotto radicali mutamenti nell'ordinamento delle autonomie locali.

Tale riforma sovverte, come noto, il tradizionale riparto di potestà legislativa tra Stato e Regioni ed ha attribuito a queste ultime tutta la potestà legislativa residua dello Stato centrale secondo una modifica dell'art 117 della costituzione.

La materia portuale non rientra tra quelle di pertinenza esclusiva dello Stato. Viceversa, è espressamente indicata tra le materie comprese nella competenza regionale.

Lo Stato si limita a fissare dei principi generali mentre le Regioni dovrebbero regolare la disciplina nel rispetto dei vincoli posti anche dal diritto comunitario e dagli obblighi derivanti dai trattati internazionali.

Si può allora continuare a parlare di riforma o processi di riforma o bilanci sulla legge 84/94 senza tenere conto di questo aspetto?

L'autonomia e la specialità del diritto della navigazione fondata sulle tradizionali fonti del diritto possa dissolversi di fronte a questo riordino legislativo in favore delle regioni?

Il Demanio marittimo già da tempo è di pertinenza delle Regioni che hanno localizzato nei comuni i soggetti amministrativi che ne hanno potestà regolamentare.

Cosa impedisce, oggi, alla Regione di legiferare sul demanio portuale?

 

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Trieste
The operation is part of the development strategy in the diving segment
The update to the DPSS of the ports of Sardinia has been adopted.
Cagliari
Resolution of the Management Committee of the Port System Authority
ICTSI acquires the ATU12 and ATU18 bulk terminals at the Brazilian port of Aratu.
Sao Paulo/Manila
They will be sold by SIMPAR for approximately 355 million dollars
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
Konecranes reports decline in quarterly financial performance as orders increase
Helsinki
The value of orders relating to port equipment grew by +17%
Fourteen regions are in favor and five are against the bill on port governance reform.
Rome
Rixi: Let's now continue the institutional process with the aim of achieving a balanced reform.
Kuehne+Nagel's net sales increased by 8% in the second quarter.
Schindellegi
Performance improved markedly in the air freight segment
Assagenti's management team has been renewed.
Genoa
The composition of the executive committee and the chairmen of the commissions
DP World signs preliminary agreement to build two terminals at Fujairah Port
Dubai
VIO - Vado Ligure Interport Board of Directors Renewed
Genoa
Pierangelo Olivieri has been appointed president
Kalmar's turnover increased by 14% in the second quarter
Helsinki
New orders value stable
Saipem wins new offshore drilling contract off Ivory Coast
Milan
It was awarded by Eni Côte d'Ivoire
DSV's quarterly performance continues to grow, boosted by the Schenker acquisition.
Hedehusene
Net profit of DKK 2.6 billion (+11.5%) was recorded in the April-June period of 2026.
Falteri (Federlogistica) has been co-opted into the Board of the European Logistics Association
Genoa
International collaboration protocol on integrated logistics with ACLI Terra
GCC urges international community to protect maritime transport against Houthi threats
Riyadh
Reaction to the announcement of a maritime embargo against Saudi Arabia
Fincantieri signs agreement in Qatar for operational management of the Training and Simulation Centre.
Trieste
The center is intended for the training of naval personnel of the Qatari Navy.
Wärtsilä records sharp increase in new order value in second quarter
Helsinki
Net turnover decreased by -2%
Over 770 kilos of cocaine seized at the port of Vado Ligure
Savona
Once released on the market, the drug would have ensured criminal organizations profits of 250 million euros.
Yang Ming orders Hanwha Ocean to build six 13,000 TEU dual-fuel containerships
Keelung
Contract valued at over $1.2 billion
The toll of attacks on ships in the Black Sea worsens
Odessa
Ten dead on board a ship leaving the port of Odessa
Today a new attack on a ship in the Strait of Hormuz
Southampton
The product tanker Kavomaleas of the Greek company Dynacom Tankers Management caught fire
Confitarma disappointed by the Commission's proposal to revise the EU ETS
Rome
Zanetti: The notable absentee is the competitiveness of the Italian and European shipping industry.
ALIS: Commission's proposals on the EU ETS are positive, but serious issues remain.
Rome
MIT adopts cold ironing guidelines
Rome
The aim is to ensure clear, uniform and transparent criteria for all Port System Authorities.
In the first half of the year, cruise traffic at GPH port terminals grew by +10.1%
Istanbul
In the second quarter alone the increase was +2.8%
Western Liguria Port Authority approves 2026 budget update
Genoa
Assiterminal clarifies its doubts about the responsibilities assigned to Porti d'Italia Spa.
Genoa
ABB buys British Rotork
Zurich/London
The Bath-based company specializes in flow control and industrial automation.
Central Adriatic Port Authority refinances €100 million from the Infrastructure Decree
Ancona
The funds concern seven strategic interventions of the port system
Container traffic at the Port of Los Angeles increased by 3.4% in the first half of 2026.
Los Angeles
In the second quarter, growth was +11.5%
IMO and ITF call for an end to attacks on seafarers and transport workers
London
Resurgence of incidents in the Black Sea, Sea of Azov and the Strait of Hormuz region
Container traffic in the port of Hong Kong grew by 0.2% in the second quarter of 2026.
Hong Kong
An increase of +6.5% was recorded in June
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
The conference "EU-Mercosur Agreement: The Role of the Maritime Economy" will be held in Genoa on July 1st.
Genoa
It is organized by the Casa America ETS Foundation and the Western Liguria Port Authority
The Federagenti assembly will be held in Civitavecchia on July 3rd.
Rome
Pessina: We will not discuss regulations, community relations, or the pursuit of theories and bureaucracy, but rather the challenges of Italian port infrastructure.
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Empire buys back: After Tata, Adani can rewrite India's colonial past
(The Economic Times)
Govt does not interfere in port management appointments - Loke
(Bernama)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
Uiltrasporti is strongly opposed to the establishment of Porti d'Italia Spa
Rome
Verzari and Gulli: the AdSPs must be coordinated by a public body that can protect port workers
CMPort sets new monthly, quarterly and half-yearly container traffic records
Hong Kong
In the first half of 2026, 78.3 million were moved (+4.6%)
In the first half of this year, the port of Singapore handled 22.7 million containers (+4.7%)
Singapore
Historic record for half-year bunker sales
Container traffic at the Port of Long Beach increased by 10.3% in the second quarter.
Long Beach
Growth of +1.7% was recorded in the first half of 2026
The new board of directors of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane has been appointed.
Rome
Tommaso Tanzilli confirmed as president. Gianpiero Strisciuglio is the new CEO.
Port of Gioia Tauro: tender launched for completion of dredging activities
Gioia Tauro
The expected duration of the contract is 60 days
In the first half of 2026, cargo traffic in Turkish ports was 279.1 million tonnes (+1.5%)
Ankara
Cargoes with Italy alone amounted to 23.4 million tons (-2.5%)
The first steel cutting of the Carnival Destiny cruise ship.
Monfalcone
Fincantieri and Carnival celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of their collaboration
NatPower Marine acquires Aqua superPower to accelerate the electrification of ports and marinas
Monk
It operates the largest international network of electric charging points in Europe.
European Logistics Observatory established
Brussels
The aim is to strengthen the competitiveness, resilience and sustainability of European logistics.
Agreement reached at Mimit with JSW to relaunch the Piombino steelworks
Rome/Livorno
Gariglio: Strengthening integration between port docks and industrial areas
Agreement between Fincantieri and the Croatian shipyards Brodotrogir Cruise and Iskra Shipyard
Trieste
Initiative within the framework of the two-corvette program promoted by the Croatian Ministry of Defence
Evergreen, Yang Ming and WHL return to quarterly revenue growth
Keelung/Taipei
Four consecutive quarters of decline behind us
Project for a direct rail link between the port of Gioia Tauro and the Interporto D'Abruzzo
Pescara
Tax fraud on labor in the logistics sector
Milan
€28 million seized from four Milanese companies
PSA Genova Pra', the state of agitation has been lifted following the successful completion of the cooling procedure.
Genoa
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