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29 July 2026 - Year XXX
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
14:04 GMT+2
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FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics

B)I TRAFFICI MARITTIMI
B1 L'EVOLUZIONE DEI TRAFFICI MARITTIMI
Le principali merceologie
Una previsione
B2 I TRAFFICI PETROLIFERI
Gas naturale liquefatto
B3LE RINFUSE SOLIDE
I minerali di ferro
Il carbone
I cereali
B4 I TRAFFICI CONTAINER
B5 CROCIERE
B6 TRAGHETTI E CABOTAGGIO
B7 I TRASPORTI MARITTIMI IN ITALIA


B3 LE RINFUSE SOLIDE

I traffici rinfuse seguono logiche differenti dai traffici di linea, contenitori in particolare, e sono principalmente legati alla situazione contingente delle singole tipologie di prodotto da trasportare, sia esso carbone, minerale di ferro o cereali.

Il trasporto rinfuse non è legato alle rotte commerciali, ma al prodotto ed ai suoi paesi di origine; la domanda è oscillante in base al mercato del prodotto specifico ed è molto influenzata da fattori geo-politici.

La struttura del settore è più tradizionale, in quanto di solito il vettore è responsabile esclusivamente del trasporto via mare e di rado esistono, su vasta scala, operatori privati che gestiscono terminal bulk in conto terzi: la gestione dei terminal ed il trasporto via terra vengono spesso oggi organizzati direttamente dal cliente proprietario del carico.

Le strutture portuali per lo sbarco ed imbarco di carbone e rottame ferroso sono di norma di proprietà od in gestione alle centrali elettriche od alle industrie connesse alla produzione dell'acciaio destinatarie del carico, e così è anche per alcune strutture di trasporto tipo nastri trasportatori od impianti funiviari. In alcuni casi i terminal si trovano direttamente nell'area degli impianti di provenienza o destinazione del carico (ovvero all'interno od in prossimità di acciaierie, centrali, siti estrattivi).

In questo settore, a differenza di quanto accade per i trasporti containerizzati, non esiste una filosofia distributiva tipo "hub" attraverso centri di smistamento, se non in quei paesi in via di sviluppo ove le infrastrutture portuali non consentono l'ormeggio delle grandi navi bulkcarrier e quindi le operazioni di imbarco e sbarco devono avvenire mediante servizi di spola eseguiti di norma con chiatte di minori dimensioni.

Anche i processi di concentrazione che si stanno evidenziando per gli operatori di linea, in questo campo sono meno accentuati. Secondo l'OCSE ("Maritime Transport") mentre i 18 maggiori vettori intermodali controllano il 50% della capacità mondiale di trasporto container, i 50 maggiori proprietari di navi cisterna controllano poco meno della metà della flotta mondiale ed i 50 maggiori trasportatori di rinfuse secche rappresentano circa un terzo della flotta.

In generale nel 1996 i volumi trasportati via mare di carichi secchi alla rinfusa si sono mantenuti stabili, dopo i forti aumenti registrati nel 1994 e 1995.

Nella prima metà dell'anno si è rilevata una diminuzione dei trasporti delle materie prime connesse al ciclo dell'acciaio (in particolar modo se si confrontano i dati con le buone performance dell'anno precedente) a seguito di una minore domanda per un calo della produzione industriale; tali bassi valori sono stati comunque mitigati dall'andamento soddisfacente della seconda metà dell'anno.

Anche il trasposto di grano ha registrato una lieve contrazione a seguito di un peggioramento dei raccolti americani. E' invece aumentato il trasporto di carbone per impieghi energetici.

Dal punto di vista dei noli il 1996 non verrà sicuramente ricordato come un anno di particolari soddisfazioni per gli armatori: infatti dopo alcuni anni di crescita le rate sono scese a valori analoghi a quelli degli anni ottanta.

La crescita dell'offerta (in termini di tonnellate di capienza è previsto un aumento del 3,3 % nel 1997) che ha ridotto i noli, insieme ai crescenti oneri che il settore armatoriale si trova ad affrontare, porteranno ad ulteriori riduzioni dei profitti nel settore.

Anche in questo settore si registra un aumento della competizione e della complessità del mercato:

gli importatori tendono a garantirsi la sicurezza delle forniture utilizzando una varietà di fonti,

gli armatori hanno l'esigenza di limitare i viaggi a vuoto e cercano di programmare rotte concatenate o triangolazioni, sfruttando le diverse possibilità di carico, per minimizzare i costi,

le oscillazioni della domanda non sono facilmente prevedibili e sono legate a fenomeni congiunturali e geo-politici.

Inoltre, per concludere l'analisi del settore, è necessario menzionare anche un aspetto tecnico: recentemente l'International Association of Classification Society (IACS) ha dichiarato che, per venire incontro a nuovi standard di sicurezza richiesti dall'IMO, tutte le bulk carrier più lunghe di 150 metri e con più di 15 anni di età dovranno soddisfare nuovi standard di sicurezza per quanto riguarda le paratie e la corrosione nei doppi fondi (standard in funzione della densità del carico e della tipologia di carico delle stive).

L'analisi del settore compiuta dall'IACS ha come conclusione che la maggior parte delle 4.200 bulk carrier di più di 150 metri in circolazione dovrà subire sostanziali lavori di modifica/rafforzamento entro i prossimi cinque anni se vorrà restare in servizio e continuare a trasportare anche carichi ad alte densità, con un incremento dei costi per gli armatori tale da poter causare variazioni rilevabili dal mercato.

I minerali di ferro

I minerali di ferro sembravano negli anni '80 aver raggiunto un notevole grado di maturità, con i traffici stabilizzati intorno ai 300 milioni di tonnellate annue. Invece negli anni '94 e '95, grazie alla ripresa della produzione siderurgica internazionale (compresa quella europea), si è assistito ad un incremento di tali traffici superiore alle attese, che ha portato il movimento di minerale di ferro ai 400 milioni di tonnellate annue.

Nel 1996 i primi dati, in contro tendenza rispetto alle previsioni dell'Ocean Shipping Consultants riportate nel grafico, parlano di una contrazione dei traffici in seguito al calo nella produzione di acciaio verificatosi soprattutto in Europa ed in Giappone.

Le previsioni fino al 2000 dell'OSC parlano di una tendenziale stabilità intorno ai valori odierni, con una flessione legata al ciclo dell'acciaio, che dovrebbe raggiungere il valore minimo intorno al 1998.


TRAFFICI MONDIALI DI MINERALE DI FERRO

(milioni di tonnellate)

Fonte Ocean Shipping Consultants

Per il minerale di ferro le zone di origine sono l'America del Sud (36% dei traffici), l'Australia (31%) e l'Asia (9%).

Le aree di destinazione sono principalmente il Giappone e gli altri paesi dell'Estremo Oriente (rispettivamente 28% e 22% dei traffici), seguiti dal Nord Europa (25%) e dagli altri paesi europei (10% tra Mediterraneo e altri paesi).

Le tre rotte principali, che coprono quasi il 60% dei traffici, sono quelle che vanno dall'Australia al Giappone e agli altri paesi dell'Estremo Oriente (26%), dall'America del Sud al Giappone e Estremo Oriente (17%) e dall'America del Sud all'Europa (16%).

MINERALI DI FERRO
Porti di imbarco
Porti di sbarco
Sud America 153 36% Giappone 120 28%
Australia 133 31% Estremo Oriente 92 22%
Asia 37 9% Mare del Nord 107 25%
Nord America 26 6% Mediterraneo 22 5%
Africa 34 8% Altri Europa 22 5%
Scandinavia 16 4% USA 15 4%
altri 3 1% altri 24 6%
Totale 402 100% Totale 402 100%

MINERALI DI FERRO - PRINCIPALI AREE DI ORIGINE E DESTINAZIONE

Fonte: Fearnleys, Confitarma

Il carbone

Il carbone ha proseguito il trend di crescita che già aveva caratterizzato gli anni '80. I traffici di carbone sono passati dai 188 milioni di tonnellate nel 1980 agli oltre 400 milioni di tonnellate nel 1995.

Per il 60% circa essi sono costituiti da carbone per impieghi energetici e per il restante 40% da carbone per cokeria.

Il carbone per gli impieghi energetici mostra i trend di crescita più consistenti: le stime di Ocean Shipping Consultants mostrano una previsione di crescita del 28% entro il 2000.


TRAFFICI MONDIALI DI CARBONE

(milioni di tonnellate)

Fonte Ocean Shipping Consultants

Per il carbone le zone di origine sono l'Australia (32% dei traffici), il Nord America (25%) ed il Sud Africa (14%).

Le aree di assorbimento, analogamente a quanto visto per il minerale di ferro, sono principalmente il Giappone e gli altri paesi dell'Estremo Oriente (rispettivamente 30% e 22% dei traffici), seguiti dal Nord Europa (17%) e dagli altri paesi europei (18% tra Mediterraneo e altri paesi).

In conseguenza di ciò le rotte principali sono quelle fra Australia e Giappone e altri paesi dell'Estremo Oriente (25%), fra Nord America ed Estremo Oriente (10%), fra Nord America ed Europa (9%), fra Sud Africa ed Europa (8%) ed infine fra Australia ed Europa (6%).

CARBONE
Porti di imbarco
Porti di sbarco
Australia 137 32% Giappone 127 30%
Nord America 104 25% Estremo Oriente 94 22%
Sud Africa 61 14% Mare del Nord 71 17%
Sud America 23 5% Mediterraneo 25 6%
Cina 29 7% Altri Europa 50 12%
Europa Orientale 16 4% Sud America 21 5%
Russia 15 4%    
altri 38 9% altri 35 8%
Totale 423 100% Totale 423 100%

CARBONE - PRINCIPALI AREE DI ORIGINE E DESTINAZIONE

Fonte: Fearnleys, Confitarma

I cereali

I cereali sono cresciuti nel corso degli anni '60 e '70, ma a partire dagli anni '80 hanno mantenuto una sostanziale stabilità intorno a 200 milioni di tonnellate annue trasportate. Ciò è probabilmente dovuto, secondo le considerazioni sviluppate da più parti, al raggiungimento dell'autosufficienza alimentare da parte di alcune tradizionali aree di assorbimento (o quantomeno al ridimensionamento del deficit).

Anche se nel 1996 non si è ancora ritornati ai livelli ante 93, l'Ocean Shipping Consultants prevede una leggera crescita da qui al 2000, nell'ordine del 5-7%.


TRAFFICI MONDIALI DI CEREALI

(milioni di tonnellate)

Fonte: Ocean Shipping Consultants

Per i cereali i principali produttori sono di gran lunga gli Stati Uniti, che da soli danno origine al 63% dei traffici mondiali, seguiti da Canada e Sud America con il 10%.

Le aree di destinazione sono più frazionate. Prevalgono i paesi dell'Estremo Oriente ed il Giappone (rispettivamente con il 29% ed il 16%) seguiti dall'America Latina (15%), dall'Africa (13%) e dall'area dell'Oceano Indiano (8%).

CEREALI
Porti di imbarco
Porti di sbarco
USA 124 63% Estremo Oriente 57 29%
Canada 19 10% Giappone 31 16%
Sud America 19 10% Americhe 29 15%
Australia 8 4% Africa 26 13%
   Europa Orientale 3 2%
   Oceano Indiano 15 8%
   Mare del Nord 13 7%
   Mediterraneo 13 7%
altri 26 13% altri 9 5%
Totale 196 100% Totale 196 100%

CEREALI - PRINCIPALI AREE DI ORIGINE E DESTINAZIONE

Fonte: Fearnleys, Confitarma

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Milan
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Trieste
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Today a new attack on a ship in the Strait of Hormuz
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Genoa
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
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Genoa
ABB buys British Rotork
Zurich/London
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Central Adriatic Port Authority refinances €100 million from the Infrastructure Decree
Ancona
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Los Angeles
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IMO and ITF call for an end to attacks on seafarers and transport workers
London
Resurgence of incidents in the Black Sea, Sea of Azov and the Strait of Hormuz region
Container traffic in the port of Hong Kong grew by 0.2% in the second quarter of 2026.
Hong Kong
An increase of +6.5% was recorded in June
Uiltrasporti is strongly opposed to the establishment of Porti d'Italia Spa
Rome
Verzari and Gulli: the AdSPs must be coordinated by a public body that can protect port workers
CMPort sets new monthly, quarterly and half-yearly container traffic records
Hong Kong
In the first half of 2026, 78.3 million were moved (+4.6%)
In the first half of this year, the port of Singapore handled 22.7 million containers (+4.7%)
Singapore
Historic record for half-year bunker sales
Container traffic at the Port of Long Beach increased by 10.3% in the second quarter.
Long Beach
Growth of +1.7% was recorded in the first half of 2026
The new board of directors of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane has been appointed.
Rome
Tommaso Tanzilli confirmed as president. Gianpiero Strisciuglio is the new CEO.
Port of Gioia Tauro: tender launched for completion of dredging activities
Gioia Tauro
The expected duration of the contract is 60 days
In the first half of 2026, cargo traffic in Turkish ports was 279.1 million tonnes (+1.5%)
Ankara
Cargoes with Italy alone amounted to 23.4 million tons (-2.5%)
The first steel cutting of the Carnival Destiny cruise ship.
Monfalcone
Fincantieri and Carnival celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of their collaboration
NatPower Marine acquires Aqua superPower to accelerate the electrification of ports and marinas
Monk
It operates the largest international network of electric charging points in Europe.
European Logistics Observatory established
Brussels
The aim is to strengthen the competitiveness, resilience and sustainability of European logistics.
Agreement reached at Mimit with JSW to relaunch the Piombino steelworks
Rome/Livorno
Gariglio: Strengthening integration between port docks and industrial areas
Agreement between Fincantieri and the Croatian shipyards Brodotrogir Cruise and Iskra Shipyard
Trieste
Initiative within the framework of the two-corvette program promoted by the Croatian Ministry of Defence
Evergreen, Yang Ming and WHL return to quarterly revenue growth
Keelung/Taipei
Four consecutive quarters of decline behind us
Project for a direct rail link between the port of Gioia Tauro and the Interporto D'Abruzzo
Pescara
PSA Genova Pra', the state of agitation has been lifted following the successful completion of the cooling procedure.
Genoa
Tax fraud on labor in the logistics sector
Milan
€28 million seized from four Milanese companies
ZPMC Delivers New Ultra-High Wind-Resistant Port Cranes
Shanghai
The world's tallest rail-mounted reach stackers for empty containers have also been built.
Peninsula and Itochu form joint venture to supply ammonia bunkering to European ports
Gibraltar
The initiative in response to the growing demand for zero-carbon fuels
Konecranes announced its entry into Japan
Helsinki/Tokyo
Acquisition of 70% of Mitsubishi Electric FA Industrial Products
Saipem wins $2 billion contract in Indonesia
Milan
Seven IMO regional coordinators have been introduced who will provide technical support to the organisation's Member States.
London
Jadrolinija has inaugurated its new fast maritime service Ancona-Zadar
Ancona/Zara
It provides five departures per week and a crossing of approximately four hours.
Hapag-Lloyd to reorganize services in the Adriatic
Hamburg
The port of Ancona, removed from the ADX line, will continue to be served by the IAS service
Eleven nominations for the eighteenth edition of the ESPO Award
Brussels
This year's theme is dual-use port-city projects
Jotun COSCO Marine Coatings signs agreement with COSCO Shipping Bulk for 125 new vessels
Sandefjord
Advanced hull performance solutions will be implemented
Maersk issues first order for new containers produced in India
Copenhagen
Local production has been stimulated by the introduction of incentives
Last May, freight traffic in the port of Ravenna grew by +3.4%
Ravenna
An increase of +10.6% is expected in June
Sardinia's Port Authority spent approximately €157 million in PNRR funds
Cagliari
Achievement of the targets expected by June 30, 2026
Hannibal will inaugurate a new intermodal service from Melzo to Rotterdam Europoort on July 8th.
Melzo
Six weekly trains are scheduled that will be able to carry up to 38 cargo units
PSA to build and operate container terminal at Vietnam's Lach Huyen port
Singapore
Agreement with Lach Huyen International Logistics & Industrial Park
Sandro Bucchioni and Andrea Fontana confirmed as presidents of the La Spezia freight forwarders and maritime agents.
La Spezia
New two-year mandate
Konecranes has acquired the nuclear and port services segment of Spain's Coapsa.
Hyvinkää
The company has an annual turnover of approximately four million euros.
PSA Italy presented its 2025 Sustainability Report
Genoa
The document highlights, among other things, the employment data and the economic impact on the territory
The Central-Northern Adriatic Port Authority confirms the completion of the projects financed by the PNRR
Ravenna
Mirco Carloni has taken office as president of the Central Adriatic Port System Authority.
Ancona
The Grimaldi Group has taken delivery of the new PCTC Grande Oriente
Naples
It will be placed on the Asia-Europe route
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
The conference "EU-Mercosur Agreement: The Role of the Maritime Economy" will be held in Genoa on July 1st.
Genoa
It is organized by the Casa America ETS Foundation and the Western Liguria Port Authority
The Federagenti assembly will be held in Civitavecchia on July 3rd.
Rome
Pessina: We will not discuss regulations, community relations, or the pursuit of theories and bureaucracy, but rather the challenges of Italian port infrastructure.
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Govt does not interfere in port management appointments - Loke
(Bernama)
World's first floating fusion reactor-powered vessel could become reality with new project
(Interesting Engineering)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Intervento del presidente Tomaso Cognolato
Roma, 19 giugno 2025
››› File
The Central Adriatic Port Authority announces that it has achieved its objectives under the PNRR
Ancona
Port of La Spezia: 60 Sea Log workers rehired by other port companies
La Spezia
Pisano (AdSP): very satisfied with the positive conclusion of this dispute
A workshop on cold ironing and related risks and insurance solutions will be held in London.
London
Rossi (ADVANT-Nctm): effective infrastructure development must necessarily take into account legal and insurance aspects
Fincantieri signs an agreement in Albania for shipbuilding training.
Trieste
Skills development for the growth of the new Pashaliman naval industrial hub
Reorganization of ro-pax traffic areas in the port of Catania
Catania
Ferries will no longer be moored on the central jetty or along the eastern breakwater
Maersk raises fiscal 2026 forecast
Copenhagen
Continued growth in demand for containerized shipping and increased spot rates
Green light for the awarding of railway shunting services in the ports of Savona and Vado
New trucking area in the port of Genoa
The Italian Ports Association will hold its assembly in Naples on Wednesday.
Rome
The discussion on port governance reform will be at the heart of the proceedings.
Registration for seafarers' registers is now open to non-EU citizens residing in Italy.
Genoa
Vidotto (Foundation of the Italian Merchant Marine Academy): a step towards civilization
Project to build shipyard in Tartous port expected to accelerate
Damascus
Meeting between a delegation from Kuzey Star Shipyard and the leaders of the Syrian General Authority for Ports and Customs
Port of Gioia Tauro: Work to reactivate hauling and launching operations has been completed.
Gioia Tauro
These operations had been at a standstill since 2024
The conference "EU-Mercosur Agreement: The Role of the Maritime Economy" will take place in Genoa on July 1st.
Genoa
In Spain, €11.8 million in eco-incentives have been allocated for the use of motorways of the sea.
Madrid
163,672 shipments made by 32 companies subsidized
ABB has signed an agreement to buy Norwegian marine automation company Høglund.
Zurich
The Tønsberg-based company's integrated automation system is currently installed on over 600 vessels.
Port of Gioia Tauro: tender launched for the redevelopment of the ro-ro docks
Gioia Tauro
Worth 5.6 million euros, the works will last 210 days
Grimaldi confirms the important role of the port of Catania in its strategies
Catania
The aim is to increase services and make existing ones even more efficient.
Annual growth of +6% in cruise traffic and +2% in ferry traffic is expected in the Adriatic
Venice
It is the only Mediterranean region to have recorded a decline in cruises in the period 2019-2025
PSA Padova established to develop and manage the Padua intermodal terminal
Padua
The shareholders of Interporto Padova and Padova Hall have approved the merger plan
The Federagenti assembly will be held in Civitavecchia on July 3rd.
Rome
Pessina: We will not discuss regulations, community relations, or the pursuit of theories and bureaucracy, but rather the challenges of Italian port infrastructure.
Spediporto has opened its own representative office in Hong Kong
Genoa
Giachero: the opening of this desk is also an opportunity for young people
Arcese, Conti and Cosulich establish a company for the port logistics of finished vehicles
Livorno
HMM orders eight bulk carriers and two gas carriers
Seoul
Investment of approximately 1.1 billion dollars
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