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24 April 2024 - Year XXVIII
Independent journal on economy and transport policy
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CENTRO ITALIANO STUDI CONTAINERSYEAR XX - Number 3/2002 - MARCH 2002

Trasporto intermodale

L'evoluzione del container in Russia

Esistono ben poche parti del mondo industrializzato in cui i containers ISO non siano diventati una visione di tutti i giorni sulle strade, nonché una componente essenziale delle infrastrutture di trasporto.

Una di queste zone, nonché un'area che si trova sul punto di assistere ad un boom dei container nei prossimi anni, è la Russia; ci sono poi la CSI (Confederazione degli Stati Indipendenti) - che comprende l'Ucraina, la Bielorussia, la Moldavia, la Georgia e l'Azerbaijan - nonché gli stati baltici indipendenti, che tutti quanti un tempo facevano parte dell'Unione Sovietica.

Le popolazioni affamate di consumi di questa parte del mondo devono mettersi in pari con gli acquisti di televisioni, videoregistratori, DVD ed un'intera gamma di beni di consumo e di hardware elettronico che da anni fanno parte del tradizionale arredamento della maggior parte delle case occidentali. Dal momento che la popolazione locale desidera tali importazioni, mentre la domanda nei tradizionali mercati degli Stati Uniti e dell'Europa Occidentale rallenta, o forse addirittura sta raggiungendo il punto di saturazione, ecco che esistono i due principali presupposti per dare il via ad un periodo di boom per la containerizzazione, una volta definito il problema delle infrastrutture.

Per alcuni anni è esistito il timore che i containers indirizzati in Russia facessero un viaggio di sola andata, dal momento che le probabilità di riottenerli indietro erano remote. Le storie sui furti dilagavano, e non solo in relazione al carico, ma anche al container stesso. Questi timori sono stati in gran parte fugati e le movimentazioni di contenitori in importazione stanno ora diventando normali.

Il porto di San Pietroburgo movimenta un numero di contenitori nell'ordine di 350.000 TEU all'anno e Porto Vostochnyi nell'Estremo Oriente russo, anche se al momento non movimenta grossi quantitativi di contenitori, è la porta d'accesso della direttrice Transiberiana, in rapido sviluppo ed affidabile. Anche i porti finlandesi di Kotka e Hamina, in prossimità del confine russo, movimentano notevoli quantitativi di importazioni per la Russia, ma questi box di solito tornano in Finlandia quando sono vuoti e sono ricercati al fine di essere caricati con i prodotti forestali finlandesi di esportazione.

Affinché l'attività containerizzata decolli davvero in Russia, è necessario che esista una rete di depositi di magazzinaggio e riparazione presso i quali i box possano essere fatti tornare una volta scaricati allo scopo di renderli disponibili per il carico d'esportazione o per qualche altro uso.

In tutto il mondo, il modello operativo normale consiste nell'appartenenza e nella gestione dei depositi da parte di terzi, talvolta nel contesto di un'attività di autotrasporto od altro, mentre è meno frequente che essi appartengano a proprietari di containers (compagnie di navigazione e società di noleggio). Tale situazione non è diversa in Russia, dove i depositi appartenenti a terzi sono fioriti in molti porti e molte città di tutto il paese e di altri paesi dell'ex Unione Sovietica.

Valeri Novikov, direttore generale della Inter Valira, agenzia di trasporti e marittima con sede a Mosca che ha rappresentato numerose linee di navigazione europee e statunitensi negli ultimi dieci anni e che ora rappresenta la GESeaCo in Russia e nella CSI, afferma che, anche se San Pietroburgo dispone del maggior numero di depositi nella regione, esistono depositi in attività anche in altri porti ed altre città russi, segnatamente a Mosca, Archangelsk (sul Mar Bianco) e Tashkent, così come a Riga in Lettonia, Tallin in Estonia e Klaipeda in Lituania. Questi depositi dispongono di accordi con diverse linee di navigazione finalizzati a ricevere, riparare e tenere in deposito i contenitori; si ritiene, peraltro, che solo la GESeaCo, tra le principali società internazionali di noleggio, prenderà in considerazione la terminalizzazione nei depositi in questione.

Come accade per qualsiasi operazione di deposito agli inizi, le infrastrutture offerte sono svariate e, per gli standard dei depositi occidentali ed asiatici, per certi versi elementari. Vi vengono espletate le normali procedure di interscambio e viene fatta una stima di qualsiasi riparazione sia necessaria. Non vi è una grande conoscenza dell'IICL5 o di qualsiasi altro standard di riparazione internazionalmente accettato, e quando sono necessarie riparazioni appena più difficoltose non è spesso possibile condurle a termine nel deposito.

Nei depositi più grandi, ed in particolare a San Pietroburgo, le riparazioni di una qual certa complessità possono essere effettuate, mentre in quelli più piccoli è necessario affidare all'esterno la maggior parte dei lavori oppure stipulare qualche altro tipo di accordo. Tuttavia, se una unità è danneggiata appena più che leggermente, le ferrovie russe spesso rifiuteranno di accettarle ai fini del trasporto, il che rende difficile la movimentazione su lunghe distanze delle unità danneggiate. Gli ispettori di containers qualificati, che sono prontamente disponibili nella maggior parte del mondo containerizzato e che rappresentano una componente importante nella gestione dei depositi per conto delle compagnie di navigazione e delle società di noleggio, possono trovarsi a San Pietroburgo ma sono rari nelle altre località.

I depositi in Russia normalmente danno notizia ai proprietari delle transazioni e dei particolari circa le condizioni delle unità per e-mail o per fax, preso atto che non esistono strutture EDI (interscambio elettronico dei dati) a disposizione presso i depositi contenitori, sebbene i principali porti sembrino disporre di qualche capacità in tal senso. Questi depositi sembrerebbero essere i candidati ideali per le nuove applicazioni EDI basate su Internet, che, rispetto all'EDI tradizionale, dispongono del vantaggio di richiedere la sola connessione al web, senza necessità di speciali software o licenze che consentano al deposito di essere in grado di comunicare elettronicamente con i propri clienti.

La Russia e gli altri stati dell'ex Unione Sovietica non sono i soli nel mondo della containerizzazione a presentare uno squilibrio tra importazioni ed esportazioni, sebbene lo squilibrio non sia neanche lontanamente paragonabile a quello di altre parti del mondo. Le importazioni in Russia avvengono per lo più in contenitori da 40 piedi, mentre la domanda maggiore di merci in esportazione si riferisce alle unità da 20 piedi, il che rappresenta anche in questo caso uno scenario logistico non frequente ma piuttosto una complicazione in più.

La maggior parte dei carichi diretti i Russia viaggia in box per carichi secchi, ma vi è un fiorente e crescente flusso di unità per carichi refrigerati. San Pietroburgo dispone di un alto livello di capacità reefer e nell'area portuale possono essere accolti qualcosa come 300 reefers alle prese di corrente elettrica. E' possibile effettuare riparazioni alle unità reefer ed ai macchinari di raffreddamento presso alcuni depositi di San Pietroburgo.

Nelle città situate nel nord del paese, vi è un notevole squilibrio in relazione ai reefer, dato che esistono molti più carichi in importazione che in esportazione; peraltro, riguardo ai reefer per cui non si riesce a trovare un carico in esportazione, vi è un notevole tasso di utilizzazione interna di contenitori refrigerati in Russia. Un buon numero di reefers appartenenti alle flotte delle compagnie di navigazione e delle società di noleggio stanno giungendo alla fine delle loro vite di esercizio e molti di loro sono attrezzati con macchinari refrigeranti R12 poco compatibili con l'ambiente. Se questi containers potessero essere inviati in Russia con un carico, sarebbe poi possibile utilizzarli in ambito nazionale per un anno o giù di lì, il che potrebbe rivelarsi un canto del cigno desiderabile e redditizio per queste unità.
(da: Cargo Systems, febbraio 2002)


FROM THE HOME PAGE
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
The MSC Group presents an offer to buy the Gram Car Carriers, the world's third largest carrier in the PCTC segment
Oslo
The proposal, worth about 653 million euros, was accepted by the Board of the Norwegian company and its main shareholders.
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the varo of the Norwegian cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
At the construction site Fincantieri in Marghera the launch of the cruise ship Norwegian Aqua
Trieste / Miami
It is 322 meters long and has a gross tonnage of 156,300 tons
Paolo Guidi has been named general manager of CMA CGM Italy
Paolo Guidi has been named general manager of CMA CGM Italy
Marseille
The first May will take over in Romain Vigneaux
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
HHLA will acquire 51% of the capital of Austrian intermodal transport company Roland Spedition
Hamburg
Its network connects ports in Hamburg, Antwerp, Bremerhaven, Koper, Rotterdam and Trieste.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Kuehne + Nagel's downward trend in economic performance continues.
Schindellegi
In growth the handling of volumes of sea and air shipments
ESPO points out issues to be addressed in order to enable European ports to face the next challenges
Brussels
Memorandum in view of the European elections in June
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
The Port of Barcelona has established new historical records of monthly and quarterly container traffic
Barcelona
As of March 2024, 348mila teu (+ 34.3%) were handled, of which 154mila in transshipment (+ 63.9%) and 194mila in import-export (+ 17.4%)
Fincantieri has delivered the new cruise ship Queen Anne to Cunard
Monfalcone
Concordate with Princess Cruises the postponement of the delivery of the Star Princess
Le Aziende informano
Protocollo d'intesa tra l'Autorità di Sistema Portuale del Mare di Sicilia Occidentale e l'Escola Europea di Intermodal Transport
International shipping associations call for help at U.N. to protect shipping
London
Solicited a greater military presence, missions and patrols. The world-they write in a letter to Guterres-would be outraged if four airliners were seized.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
In February, shipping traffic in the Suez Canal declined by -42.8% percent.
The Cairo
Net tonnage of the naviglio down -59.8% percent. Drastic reduction of -53% of the value of transit fees
The World Shipping Council points to the EU the way to support the economy and trade
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
In Norway, the construction of the world's two largest hydrogen-powered ferries
Brønnøysund / Gursken
Order of Torghatten company at the shipyard Myklebust
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent.  Increase of containers
The freight traffic in the port of Rotterdam in the first quarter was down by -1.4% percent. Increase of containers
Rotterdam
Strong increase (+ 29.0%) of feeder ships departing from the Dutch stopover to the Mediterranean ports
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
St. Petersburg
Drastic reduction of passenger traffic in the Crimean port scans
In the first three months of 2024, freight traffic in Russian ports fell by -3.3% percent.
Tytgat (SEA Europe) : A European maritime industrial strategy is urgently needed
Brussels
Round table with representatives of the institutions of the European Union
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Joe Kramek will be the next president and CEO of the World Shipping Council
Washington / Brussels/London / Singapore
He will retire at the end of July in Butler when the latter is retiring.
In the first quarter of this year the traffic of goods in the port of Antwerp-Zeebrugge grew by 2.4%
In the first quarter of this year the traffic of goods in the port of Antwerp-Zeebrugge grew by 2.4%
Anverse
On the increase the containers. Decrease in other loads. Belgian, Dutch and German ports urge European governments to ensure that industries remain in Europe
Partnership of HD Hyundai Heavy Industries and Anduril Industries in the Field of Maritime Defense
Orange County / Seoul
Envisage the design, development and production of new types of autonomous naval systems
d' Friend International Shipping orders two new tankers LR1
Luxembourg
Commits to China's shipyard Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co.
Global Infrastructure Partners waives to acquire 49% percent of Malaysian MMC Port Holdings
New York
CMA CGM Air Cargo announces its first transpacific line
Marseille
Three aircraft will be taken over between summer and early next year.
In 2023 new annual historical record of maritime traffic in the Stories of Malacca and Singapore
In 2023 new annual historical record of maritime traffic in the Stories of Malacca and Singapore
Port Klang
The previous maximum peak had been reached in 2018
HMM announces the nearly doubling of fleet capacity by 2030
Seoul
Expected 63% increments of the volumes transportable from container carriers and 95% in the bulk carrier sector
In the first quarter of 2024, the Port of Singapore handled ten million containers (+ 10.7%)
In the first quarter of 2024, the Port of Singapore handled ten million containers (+ 10.7%)
Singapore
The overall traffic in goods increased by 7.6%
Iran has given way to the attack on Israel with the seizure of the container ship. MSC Aries
London / Manila
Le Aziende informano
ABB fornirà la sua soluzione per il Cold - Ironing nel Porto Internazionale di Portsmouth
The construction of the new Venetian container terminal in Porto Marghera is being carried out.
The construction of the new Venetian container terminal in Porto Marghera is being carried out.
Venice
It will be able to accommodate Panamax vessels and will have an annual traffic capacity of one million teu
The French Senate has approved a bill to limit the right to strike in transport
The French Senate has approved a bill to limit the right to strike in transport
Last year container traffic in Malta decreased by -11.4%
Last year container traffic in Malta decreased by -11.4%
The Valletta
Crucierists in growth of 59.1%
Approved by the Transport Commission of the Spanish Congress a proposal to improve the competitiveness of the REC Ship Register
Madrid
Applause from ANAVE. The number of national flag merchant ships has fallen to the all-time low
Pirate attacks on ships have been growing.
Pirate attacks on ships have been growing.
London
Recrudescence of Somali piracy
Assshipowners, well the decree that delegates security checks to recognized bodies
Rome
Messina : a concrete step forward in the optics of an ever greater competitiveness of the Italian flag
Maritime traffic in the Panama Canal is expected to gradually normalize from here to 2025
Balboa
The start of the rainy season, expected at the end of the month, is expected to lift the number of ships transits from 27 to 36.
Baltimore attributes to owner and operator of the ship Dali the blame for the collapse of the Key Bridge
Baltimore
They would have been established dysfunction to the power supply on board that would cause a blackout
The quarterly economic performance of DSV is still declining
Hedehusene
In the first quarter of this year, the value of net profit decreased by -27.2%
Approved the consuntive budget 2023 of the AdSP of the Sardinia Sea
Cagliari
An administration surplus of 530 million euros, of which more than 475 tied for works in progress
US imports of dangerous goods have been penalized during the pandemic.
Washington
Survey by the Government Accountability Office
In 2023 CEPIM-Parma's Interport recorded a growth of 6.8% of the value of production
Bianconese of Fontevivo
Net profit di788mila euro (+ 223.2%)
In the first quarter of 2024, UPS Group revenues fell by -5.3%
Atlanta
Net profit down -41.3%
Grendi has perfected the purchase of the ship Wedellsborg
Milan
It will be renamed with the name of "Grenching Futura"
Grimaldi consolidates its presence in China with new headquarters in Shanghai
Naples / Shanghai
Inaugurates the offices of the Grimaldi Shipping Agency Shanghai
Approved the 2023 consuntive budget of the Western Ligure Sea AdSP
Genoa
The new endowment of the institution's organic plant provides for 50 hires, including three managerial positions
First plant for the distribution of LNG and GNC to vehicles in the port of La Spezia
The Spezia
It has been installed in Stagnoni locations
Agreement between MSC, MSC Foundation and Mercy Ships for the construction of a new hospital ship
Geneva / Lindale
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
Agreement Assshipowners-ITS Academy G. Caboto for training in the maritime, port and logistics sectors
Rome
SAILING LIST
Visual Sailing List
Departure ports
Arrival ports by:
- alphabetical order
- country
- geographical areas
In the first quarter of 2024, the port of Algeciras handled 1.2 million containers (+ 8.1%)
Algeciras
The traffic in overall goods increased by 3.3%
In the first three months of this year in Valencia, container port traffic grew by 12.1% percent.
Valencia
In March, the increase was 15.7% percent.
The Spezia and Carrara try to break down the bell towers and solicit cooperation at the ports of Genoa and Savona
The Spezia
Switzerland and Switzerland cut trade between Italy and Switzerland.
Bern
In the first three months of the 2024 decline in Swiss exports. Stable imports
Port of Naples, striking of the fast ferry Island of Procida against a quay
Naples
About thirty minor injuries among passengers
Summoned for April 23 a meeting at MIT on former TCT port workers
Taranto
The unions had requested clarification on the future of the 330 members of the Taranto Port Workers Agency.
The outer Levant dock of the Arbatax port has returned fully operational
Cagliari
In August 2020 he had been shouted by the ferry "Bithia"
The Port of Los Angeles closed the first quarter with a 29.6% percent growth in container traffic
Los Angeles
Expected a continuation of the positive trend
Stable the value of ABB's revenues in the first quarter
Zurich
The new orders are down -5.0% percent. At the end of July Rosengren will leave the CEO position in Wierod
The crisis of the Cooperative Sole Workers of Porto Flavio Gioia officialized at institutions and trade unions
Salerno
USB Mare and Porti, what's going on in the port of Salerno is the result of pressure from shipowners
Euronav sells its own ship management company to Anglo-Eastern
Antwerp / Hong Kong
Manages the fleet of tanker ships of the Antwerp company
Genoa Shipbuilding Industries has acquired a submersible barge of the cargo capacity of 14,000 tonnes
Genoa
It can also be employed as a floating basin for the varo of artifacts up to 9,800 tons
Venice Cold Stores & Logistics obtains the qualification of tax warehouse for wines and sparkling
Venice
Extension of the services offered to companies in the wine sector
Gasparate urges to exempt property of interports from payment of the Imu
Nola
President of the Union Interports Reunited warned that with the PNRR construction sites the railway intermodality is at risk
Hapag-Lloyd plans future investments to expand business in the terminal and intermode sectors
Hamburg
Among the markets, the company focuses attention on Africa, India, Southeast Asia and the Pacific
Set up a consortium to decarbonize transport on the northern Pacific route
Vancouver
It is formed by nine companies and entities and is open to other partners
In the first quarter of this year, container traffic in the port of Long Beach increased by 16.4%
Long Beach
In March, the increase was 8.3% percent.
Delivery of the work of consolidation of the foranea dam of the port of Catania
Catania
Procurement of the value of 75 million euros
PORTS
Italian Ports:
Ancona Genoa Ravenna
Augusta Gioia Tauro Salerno
Bari La Spezia Savona
Brindisi Leghorn Taranto
Cagliari Naples Trapani
Carrara Palermo Trieste
Civitavecchia Piombino Venice
Italian Interports: list World Ports: map
DATABASE
ShipownersShipbuilding and Shiprepairing Yards
ForwardersShip Suppliers
Shipping AgentsTruckers
MEETINGS
Tomorrow in Livorno a conference on the history of the city port
Livorno
It will be talked about architecture, trade and politics between the XVI and the twentieth century
On April 11, the sixth edition of the "Italian Port Days" will begin.
Rome
Also this year the project has been divided into two sessions : the first in the spring and the second from September 20 to October 20
››› Meetings File
PRESS REVIEW
Iran says MSC Aries vessel seized for 'violating maritime laws'
(Reuters)
Le transport maritime national navigue à vue
(Aujourd'hui Le Maroc)
››› Press Review File
FORUM of Shipping
and Logistics
Relazione del presidente Mario Mattioli
Roma, 27 ottobre 2023
››› File
Plan to improve in Genoa and Savona the rail links with cruise terminals and airport
Genoa
It was presented today in the Ligurian capital
From 10 to May 12 at Spezia will be held "DePortibus-The festival of ports that connect the world"
The Spezia
The programme provides for technical events and cultural proposals
Three new STS cranes have arrived in the Kenyan port of Lamu.
Mombasa
They will be able to work on container ships of the capacity of over 18mila teu
One hundred new IVECO trucks powered by HVO in the Smet fleet
Turin
They will be taken over in the course of this year
In the first three months of this year, goods transported by rail between China and Europe increased by 10% percent.
Beijing
Operated 4,541 trains (+ 9%)
In the first quarter of 2024, container traffic in the port of Hong Kong fell by -2.3%
Hong Kong
In March, the decline was -10.6% percent.
The regasification terminal FSRU Toscana left Livorno direct to Genoa
Livorno
In the Ligurian scalp and then in Marseille maintenance interventions will be carried out
Confirmed to Tugchiers Meeting Port of Genoa the granting of trailer services in the port of Genoa
Genoa
Planned investment of 35 million euros to renovate fleet
In the first quarter of 2024, OOIL revenues decreased by -9.0%
Hong Kong
Containers carried by the OOCL fleet increased by 3.4%
Mattioli (Federation of the Sea) relaunches the propulsive role of maritime clusters
Rome
Today, the National Sea Day and the marinara culture are celebrated
In the first quarter of 2024, the revenues of Yang Ming and WHL grew by 18.5% and 8.1%
Keelung / Taipei
In March the increments were equal to 20.3% and 8.6%
In 2023 the freight traffic handled by the State Railways Group fell by -2.0%
Rome
The Logistics Pole posted a net loss of -80 million euros, up 63 million euros.
Port of Genoa, inaugurated new rooms of Stella Maris at Maritime stations
Genoa
They are intended for the welfare and socialization of seafarers in transit in the Superba
Germany's Dachser has acquired the compatriate Brummer Logistik
Kempten
The company specializes in the logistics of perishable products
In the first quarter of 2024, Evergreen's revenues increased by 32.6% percent.
Taipei
In March, the increase was 36.5% percent.
Cooperation pact between the associations of the ports and ferry companies of Greece
The Piraeus
Among the activities, make sure that port benches are adequate for new naval technologies
In 2023 the traffic in goods at ports in Lazio fell by -5.7% percent. Record of cruises
Cyvitavecchia
Passenger of line services growing by 10.0%
RINA will collaborate on the sustainable development of ports and shipping of Indonesia
Genoa
Contract with the World Bank
In Udine the Officine Rotable Maintenance of FVG Rail has been equipped with a lawn back in fossa
Procedure
Interporto Padova's assembly to merge for incorporation of the Zip Consortium
Padova
Capital increase of more than 7.8 million split between Municipality, Province, and Chamber of Commerce
Turkish Arkas orders four container ships from 4,300 teu to Guangzhou Wenchong Shipyard
Izmir
On the way an investment of 240 million
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