Nel 2003 il traffico marittimo mondiale è cresciuto del 3,7% a 6,17 miliardi di tonnellate

, contro una crescita dell'1,0% nel 2002. La progressione - rileva il "Review of Maritime Transport, 2004" diffuso oggi dall'UNCTAD - è stata determinata principalmente dalle positive performance economiche di Stati Uniti, Giappone, Cina e - in misura minore - Europa.

La maggior quota delle esportazioni mondiali per via marittima spetta alle nazioni asiatiche con il 37,2%, seguite dall'Europa con il 25,1%; Nord America e le nazioni in via di sviluppo del continente americano hanno totalizzato il 20,7% delle esportazioni mondiali, mentre le quote di Africa e Oceania si sono attestate rispettivamente a 8,9% e 8,0%.

Il rapporto rileva come il 2003 sia stato un anno positivo per gli armatori che operano flotte cisterniere, così come per quelli che operano portarinfuse e portacontainer, e questo trend è proseguito nel 2004. Viene inoltre sottolineato il significativo ruolo delle nazioni asiatiche nel settore del trasporto marittimo: i Paesi dell'area hanno fornito circa la metà di tutti gli equipaggi mondiali, i due terzi degli operatori portuali, l'83% delle costruzioni di portacontainer e il 99% delle demolizioni navali. Ventotto delle 50 maggiori compagnie di navigazione del mondo risultavano avere sede in Asia.

L'Asia riveste un ruolo di primo piano anche nella distribuzione dei flussi di traffici marittimi containerizzati, e si prevede - osserva il rapporto - che tale ruolo sia proseguito nel 2004 e prosegua nel 2005, quando il tasso di crescita dei traffici containerizzati del sud-est asiatico e del Far East sarà attestato a +11% grazie ai consistenti scambi intra-asiatici e alle esportazioni cinesi verso il Nord America e l'Europa.

Notevole l'importanza dei porti dell'Asia nello scacchiere dei traffici: nel 2003 i sei maggiori porti container mondiali e 20 dei primi 30 porti container mondiali erano asiatici. Nel 2003 i più elevati tassi di crescita sono stati registrati nei porti cinesi, e in particolare a Shanghai e Shenzhen, dove il traffico dei container è aumentato rispettivamente del 31% e del 40%.

Nel 2003 la quota del traffico marittimo mondiale relativa alle nazioni in via di sviluppo è diminuita: queste nazioni hanno rappresentato il 48,2% di tutti gli imbarchi di merci e il 29,7% degli sbarchi, contro rispettivamente il 48,8% e il 30,9% del 2002. In calo anche la quota delle nazioni asiatiche in via di sviluppo, dove le merci imbarcate e sbarcate sono state pari rispettivamente al 28,9% e 20,7%. Per le nazioni in via di sviluppo dell'Africa la quota di merci imbarcate è scesa al 6,5%, quella di merci sbarcate è diminuita a 3,2%. La quota di traffici marittimi delle nazioni in via di sviluppo del continente americano è calata rispetto al 2002, scendendo al 12,3% per le merci imbarcate e al 5,4% per quelle sbarcate.

Nel 2003 i carichi cisternieri sono cresciuti complessivamente del 3,4%, quelli di rinfuse secche hanno registrato un incremento del 3,8%. Nel settore dei traffici di linea, la movimentazione container nei porti è aumentata del 9,2% raggiungendo la quota record di 266,3 milioni di teu.

Nel 2003 la capacità della flotta mondiale è cresciuta dell'1,5% a 857,0 milioni di tonnellate di portata lorda. Nel corso dell'anno sono state consegnate nuove navi per complessive 49,2 milioni di tpl, con un incremento di 0,2 milioni di tpl rispetto al 2002, e le demolizioni e le navi perdute sono ammontate a 25,6 milioni di tpl, contro 30,5 milioni di tpl nel 2002. Petroliere e rinfusiere rappresentavano il 72,9% della capacità della flotta mondiale, le portacontainer il 10,6%.

La produttività della flotta mondiale, in termini di tonnellate di merce trasportata per tonnellata di portata lorda, è cresciuta a 7,2, contro 7,0 nel 2002.

Development of international seaborne trade, selected years^a(goods loaded)

Year	Tanker cargo		Dry cargo				Total (all goods)
			Total		of which: main bulk commodities^b
	Million tons	% change	million tons	% change	million tons	% change	million tons	% change
1970	1442		1124		448		2566
1980	1871		1833		796		3704
1990	1755		2253		968		4008
1999	2068	-0.6	3604	1.9	1196	2.2	5672	1.0
2000	2163	4.6	3709	2.9	1288	7.7	5872	3.5
2001	2174	0.5	3717	0.2	1331	3.3	5891	0.3
2002	2129	-2.1	3819	2.8	1352	1.6	5948	1.0
2003^c	2203	3.4	3965	3.8	1475	9.1	6168	3.7

Source:	Estimated by the UNCTAD secretariat on the basis of annex II and data supplied by specialized sources.
^a	Includes international cargoes loaded at ports of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence system for unloading at ports of the same system.
^b	Iron ore, grain, coal, bauxite/alumina and phosphate.
^c	Estimates.

World seaborne trade a in 1970, 1980, 1990 and 1999-2003,
by types of cargo and country groups^b

Country group Year		Goods loaded				Goods unloaded
		Oil		Dry cargo	Total all goods	Oil		Dry cargo	Total all goods
		Crude	Products^c	Dry cargo	Total all goods	Crude	Products^c	Dry cargo	Total all goods

	Trade in millions of tons
World total
	1970	1109	232	1162	2504	1101	298	1131	2529
	1980	1527	344	1833	3704	1530	326	1823	3679
	1990	1287	468	2253	4008	1315	466	2365	4126
	1999	1577	496	3593	5666	1552	546	3762	5860
	2000	1665	498	3709	5872	1720	550	3979	6249
	2001	1678	497	3717	5891	1702	552	3913	6167
	2002	1629	500	3819	5948	1713	550	4014	6276
	2003	1686	517	3965	6168	1787	550	4122	6460

	Percentage share of trade by country groups
World total
	1970	42.6	12.7	44.7	100.0	43.5	11.9	44.6	100.0
	1980	41.2	9.3	49.5	100.0	41.6	8.9	49.5	100.0
	1990	32.1	11.7	56.2	100.0	31.9	10.8	57.3	100.0
	1999	27.8	8.8	63.4	100.0	26.5	9.3	64.2	100.0
	2000	28.4	8.5	63.2	100.0	27.5	8.8	63.7	100.0
	2001	28.5	8.4	63.1	100.0	27.6	8.9	63.4	100.0
	2002	27.4	8.4	64.2	100.0	27.3	8.8	63.9	100.0
	2003	27.3	8.4	64.3	100.0	27.7	8.5	63.8	100.0
DMECs
	1970	2.0	27.1	60.0	31.1	80.4	79.6	79.1	79.9
	1980	6.3	25.5	64.7	37.0	72.0	79.5	67.8	70.5
	1990	13.4	32.6	63.4	43.8	72.5	81.4	61.7	67.3
	1999	5.4	21.6	59.9	41.4	71.5	50.8	62.1	63.5
	2000	5.2	22.2	60.1	41.3	68.6	51.2	60.3	61.8
	2001	5.3	21.7	59.3	40.8	68.9	50.7	59.6	61.4
	2002	5.5	21.6	58.4	40.8	68.5	51.1	58.0	60.3
	2003	5.4	22.1	58.4	40.9	68.8	50.8	58.8	60.9
Central and Eastern Europe^d
	1970	3.4	8.0	6.9	5.6	1.2	1.0	3.8	2.3
	1980	3.6	14.6	5.2	5.4	2.3	0.4	6.0	4.0
	1990	4.6	11.8	3.8	5.0	2.6	0.3	5.8	4.1
	1999	3.8	4.8	5.1	4.7	1.6	0.4	1.3	1.3
	2000	5.5	8.9	4.2	5.0	0.5	0.4	1.9	1.4
	2001	5.4	8.1	4.1	4.8	0.5	0.7	1.9	1.4
	2002	5.6	8.4	4.3	5.0	0.6	0.5	1.9	1.4
	2003	6.9	8.5	4.2	5.3	0.6	0.6	1.9	1.4
Socialist countries of Asia^e
	1970	-	-	1.2	0.5	0.5	0.1	2.0	1.2
	1980	1.4	1.7	1.0	1.2	1.4	1.6	4.0	2.7
	1990	2.7	0.9	2.0	2.0	0.3	0.3	3.4	2.1
	1999	1.1	1.2	5.5	3.9	2.4	4.7	5.8	4.8
	2000	1.0	1.1	6.7	4.6	4.1	4.1	7.3	6.1
	2001	1.0	1.1	7.2	4.9	3.6	4.8	8.0	6.5
	2002	1.1	2.1	7.6	5.4	4.1	4.6	9.3	7.4
	2003	1.1	2.2	8.0	5.6	5.0	5.0	9.7	8.0
Developing countries
	1970	94.6	64.9	31.9	62.8	17.9	19.4	15.1	16.6
	1980	88.7	58.2	29.0	56.3	24.3	18.5	22.3	22.8
	1990	79.6	54.7	30.8	49.2	24.6	18.0	29.1	26.5
	1999	89.7	72.4	29.6	50.0	24.6	44.1	30.8	30.4
	2000	88.3	67.8	29.0	49.1	26.8	44.4	30.6	30.8
	2001	88.2	69.1	29.4	49.5	27.0	43.8	30.4	30.7
	2002	87.8	67.9	29.6	48.8	26.9	43.7	30.8	30.9
	2003	86.6	67.2	29.4	48.2	25.6	43.7	29.6	29.7
of which:
Africa
	1970	25.5	2.4	9.1	15.2	1.7	4.7	3.6	2.9
	1980	19.0	1.5	5.6	10.8	4.0	2.9	4.7	4.2
	1990	24.1	7.6	4.3	11.2	5.6	2.3	4.3	4.5
	1999	17.6	7.9	2.1	6.9	1.0	3.1	3.7	3.0
	2000	17.9	6.9	1.7	6.7	3.2	3.2	3.3	3.3
	2001	17.8	7.0	1.7	6.7	3.0	3.1	3.5	3.3
	2002	17.9	6.9	1.7	6.6	2.9	3.1	3.4	3.3
	2003	17.8	7.0	1.6	6.5	2.8	3.1	3.3	3.2
Americas
	1970	12.2	35.4	13.8	16.0	10.5	5.6	4.4	7.2
	1980	12.4	28.4	13.2	14.3	13.3	4.9	5.4	8.7
	1990	13.3	11.9	13.2	13.1	5.7	3.8	4.0	4.5
	1999	16.1	18.8	10.9	13.1	5.6	11.5	4.6	5.5
	2000	15.2	18.8	10.8	12.7	5.1	11.2	5.3	5.8
	2001	15.2	19.0	11.0	12.9	5.2	10.9	5.1	5.6
	2002	15.5	18.7	10.8	12.7	5.2	10.4	5.0	5.6
	2003	14.5	17.9	10.7	12.3	5.0	10.4	4.9	5.4
Asia
	1970	56.9	27.0	8.1	31.3	5.5	8.5	6.7	6.4
	1980	57.3	28.1	9.7	31.0	6.9	9.8	12.0	9.7
	1990	42.2	34.9	12.6	24.7	12.6	10.9	19.9	16.6
	1999	55.7	45.3	16.1	29.7	17.6	28.1	22.0	21.4
	2000	54.9	41.6	16.0	29.2	18.2	28.5	21.5	21.2
	2001	55.0	42.5	16.2	29.4	18.5	28.3	21.4	21.2
	2002	54.1	41.8	16.7	29.1	18.4	28.7	22.0	21.6
	2003	54.0	41.9	16.6	28.9	17.4	28.6	21.0	20.7
Europe
	1970	-	-	-	-	-	0.1	0.1	-
	1980	-	-	-	-	-	0.2	-	-
	1990	-	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.7	0.5	0.8	0.7
	1999	0.0	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3
	2000	0.0	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3
	2001	0.0	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3
	2002	0.0	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3
	2003	0.0	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3
Oceania
	1970	-	0.1	0.8	0.4	-	0.5	0.3	0.2
	1980	-	0.2	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.7	0.2	0.2
	1990	-	0.1	0.4	0.2	-	0.5	0.1	0.2
	1999	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0	1.1	0.1	0.2
	2000	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	1.1	0.1	0.2
	2001	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	1.1	0.1	0.2
	2002	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	1.1	0.1	0.2
	2003	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	1.1	0.1	0.2

Source:	Compiled by the UNCTAD secretariat on the basis of data supplied by reporting countries and other specialized sources.
^a	Includes international cargoes loaded at ports of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence system for unloading at ports of the same system.
^b	See annex I for the composition of these groups, and note d thereto regarding the recording of trade of landlocked countries. Since 1986, Yugoslavia, previously included among the "developed market-economy countries", has been included in the group of "developing countries in Europe".
^c	Includes liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, light oil, heavy fuel oil and others.
^d	Includes the former Soviet Union in data for 1970 and 1980.
^e	Estimates.

World seaborne trade in ton-miles, selected years
(billions of ton-miles)

Year	Oil			Iron ore	Coal	Grain^a	Five main dry bulks	Other dry cargoes	World Total
	Crude	Products	Crude plus products
1970	5597	890	6487	1093	481	475	2049	2118	10654
1975	8882	845	9727	1471	621	734	2826	2810	15363
1980	8385	1020	9405	1613	952	1087	3652	3720	16777
1985	4007	1150	5157	1675	1479	1004	4480	3428	13065
1990	6261	1560	7821	1978	1849	1073	5259	4041	17121
1995	7225	1945	9170	2287	2176	1160	5953	5065	20188
2000	8180	2085	10265	2545	2509	1244	6638	6113	23016
2001	8074	2105	10179	2575	2552	1322	6782	6280	23241
2002	7848	2050	9898	2731	2549	1241	6879	6440	23217
2003^a	8330	2155	10485	3030	2700	1335	7429	6675	24589

Source:	Fearnleys, Review 2003.
^a	Includes wheat, maize, barley, oats, rye, sorghum and soya beans.

World fleet size by principal types of vessel, 2002-2004^a(beginning-of-year figures, in thousands of dwt)

Principal types	2002	2003	2004	Percentage change 2003/2004
Oil tankers	285519	304396	316759	4.1
	34.6	36.1	37.0
Bulk carriers	294588	300131	307661	2.5
	35.7	35.5	35.9
Ore/bulk/oil	14456	12612	12110	-4.0
	1.8	1.5	1.4
Ore/bulk	280132	287519	295551	2.8
	33.9	34.1	34.5
General cargo ships	99872	97185	94768	-2.5
	12.1	11.5	11.1
Containerships	77095	82793	90462	9.3
	9.3	9.8	10.6
Other types of ships	68578	59730	47324	-20.8
	8.3	7.1	5.5
Liquefied gas carriers	19074	19469	20947	7.6
	2.3	2.3	2.4
Chemical tankers	7974	8027	8004	-0.3
	1.0	0.9	0.9
Miscellaneous tankers	785	906	947	4.5
	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ferries and passengers ships	5319	5495	5561	1.2
	0.6	0.6	0.6
Other	35426	25833	11865	-54.1
	4.3	3.1	1.4
World total	825652	844235	856974	1.5
	100.00	100.00	100.00

Source:	Compiled by the UNCTAD secretariat on the basis of data supplied by Lloyd's Register - Fairplay.
^a	Percentage shares are shown in italics.

Age distribution of the world merchant fleet, by types of vessel, as of 1 January 2004
(percentage of total dwt)

Country grouping	Types of vessel	0-4 years	5-9 years	10-14 years	15-19 years	20 years and over	Average age (years) 2003^a	Average age (years) 2002^a
World total	All ships	22.4	21.6	16.1	12.1	27.7	12.5	12.6
	Tankers	28.2	20.8	21.0	11.0	18.9	10.9	11.6
	Bulk carriers	19.2	23.8	13.9	14.5	28.7	12.9	12.7
	General cargo	7.8	14.4	10.3	13.5	53.9	17.4	17.0
	Containerships	32.3	30.5	15.1	9.5	12.6	9.2	9.1
	All others	15.9	13.7	12.9	7.8	49.8	15.8	16.0
Developed market-economy countries	All ships	27.6	23.8	16.4	12.4	19.7	10.9	11.7
	Tankers	35.6	23.9	18.7	10.8	11.0	9.0	10.5
	Bulk carriers	17.6	25.1	14.1	17.0	26.1	12.8	13.1
	General cargo	17.6	19.8	14.0	13.9	34.7	13.9	13.7
	Containerships	34.2	29.5	15.5	10.6	10.2	8.8	8.7
	All others	17.6	17.3	14.8	9.7	40.7	14.5	14.7
Major open-registry countries	All ships	23.7	23.0	16.7	11.8	24.9	11.9	12.1
	Tankers	27.3	20.5	23.1	10.9	18.2	10.9	11.6
	Bulk carriers	21.7	25.1	13.3	13.4	26.5	12.3	12.0
	General cargo	7.5	20.7	11.8	16.2	43.6	16.0	15.8
	Containerships	34.5	29.1	14.6	9.1	12.7	9.0	9.1
	All others	17.9	14.3	11.5	2.9	53.3	15.8	16.0
Subtotal	All ships	25.1	23.3	16.6	12.0	23.0	11.6	11.9
	Tankers	30.8	21.9	21.3	10.9	15.2	10.1	11.2
	Bulk carriers	20.7	25.1	13.5	14.3	26.4	12.4	12.2
	General cargo	11.5	20.4	12.7	15.3	40.1	15.2	15.0
	Containerships	34.4	29.3	14.9	9.8	11.6	8.9	9.0
	All others	17.7	15.9	13.2	6.5	46.6	15.1	15.3
Countries of Central and Eastern Europe	All ships	1.6	2.9	6.6	18.0	70.8	20.7	20.1
	Tankers	4.9	3.4	1.6	15.8	74.4	20.7	20.4
	Bulk carriers	0.0	0.0	0.2	17.5	82.3	22.3	20.6
	General cargo	1.1	3.2	9.0	17.2	69.5	20.6	20.2
	Containerships	0.0	19.1	12.5	27.0	41.4	17.2	15.9
	All others	1.2	2.2	13.3	21.5	61.8	20.0	19.6
Socialist countries of Asia	All ships	10.4	8.8	12.0	13.1	55.7	17.6	16.7
	Tankers	17.4	7.5	18.1	15.5	41.5	15.4	16.3
	Bulk carriers	6.7	12.5	8.8	11.4	60.5	18.2	17.2
	General cargo	3.1	4.8	4.8	11.1	76.2	20.8	20.6
	Containerships	23.1	9.5	25.8	17.7	23.9	12.9	13.4
	All others	17.4	7.5	18.1	15.5	41.5	15.4	16.3
Developing countries (excluding open-registry countries)	All ships	20.6	20.2	16.3	12.0	30.9	13.1	13.5
	Tankers	27.2	19.5	19.8	11.0	22.5	11.4	12.5
	Bulk carriers	17.6	21.9	17.0	15.7	27.8	13.1	12.8
	General cargo	6.2	10.5	8.1	10.8	64.4	18.8	19.1
	Containerships	28.9	40.0	12.9	5.7	12.4	8.8	8.7
	All others	14.1	8.5	12.3	9.1	55.9	17.0	17.5

Source:	Compiled by the UNCTAD secretariat on the basis of data supplied by Lloyd's Register - Fairplay.
^a	To calculate the average age, it has been assumed that the ages of vessels are distributed evenly between the lower and upper limits of each age group. For the 20-years-and-over age group, the mid-point has been assumed to be 23.5 years.

Deliveries of newbuildings, selected years

Year	Oil tankers^a		Combined carriers^a		Dry bulk carriers^a		Others^b		Total
	No. of vessels	Million dwt	No. of vessels	Million dwt	No. of vessels	Million dwt	No. of vessels	Million dwt	No. of vessels	Million dwt
1980	99	7.0	4	0.4	135	4.7	548	6.0	786	18.0
1985	72	3.9	10	0.7	339	14.7	529	5.0	950	25.0
1990	81	8.7	0	0.0	119	9.6	523	4.0	723	23.0
1997	69	7.5	3	0.3	299	18.8	696	10.2	1067	36.8
1998	120	12.6	0	0.0	217	11.6	704	11.1	1041	35.3
1999	161	19.1	4	0.4	195	13.0	585	8.4	940	40.5
2000	154	20.8	0	0.0	188	13.1	1202	10.5	1544	44.4
2001	112	14.4	0	0.0	310	21.0	1048	9.8	1470	45.2
2002	182	23.4	0	0.0	226	14.1	1131	11.5	1539	49.0
2003^c	293	30.7	2	0.2	177	12.1	1235	6.2	1707	49.2

Source:	Compiled by the UNCTAD secretariat on the basis of data from Fearnleys, Review 2003.
^a	Vessels over 10,000 dwt.
^b	Sea-going, cargo-carrying vessels of over 1,000 gross registered tons (grt).
^c	Provisional.

The 35 most important maritime countries and territories as of 1 January 2004^a

Country of domicile^b	Number of vessels			Deadweight tonnage
	National flag^c	Foreign flag	Total	National flag^c	Foreign flag	Total	Foreign flag as a % of total	Total as a % of world total
Greece	751	2361	3112	50159627	107179349	157338976	68.12	20.26
Japan	732	2216	2948	13054209	97036098	110090307	88.14	14.17
Norway	840	813	1653	21828640	29926150	51754790	57.82	6.66
Germany	307	2161	2468	6739997	42247135	48987132	86.24	6.31
China	1627	788	2415	24206132	23195756	47401888	48.93	6.10
United States	592	948	1540	10587584	35240739	45828323	76.90	5.90
Hong Kong (China)	254	238	492	15375679	15507833	30883512	50.21	3.98
Republic of Korea	485	380	865	8584810	16651656	25236466	65.98	3.25
Singapore	449	291	740	11703683	11574617	23278300	49.72	3.00
Taiwan Province of China	111	426	537	5199044	17678913	22877957	77.27	2.95
United Kingdom	391	392	783	9192550	10430365	19622915	53.15	2.53
Russian Federation	2142	391	2533	8317313	8507445	16824758	50.57	2.17
Denmark	323	338	661	8606789	7685160	16291949	47.17	2.10
Italy	531	121	652	8785816	3674335	12460151	29.49	1.60
India	353	45	398	10919675	1470437	12390112	11.87	1.60
Saudi Arabia	50	76	126	908754	11175137	12083891	92.48	1.56
Malaysia	262	73	335	5985287	3782960	9768247	38.73	1.26
Iran, Islamic Republic of	147	9	156	8232477	505645	8738122	5.79	1.12
Turkey	405	171	576	6471308	2210446	8681754	25.46	1.12
Switzerland	14	267	281	770220	7788365	8558585	91.00	1.10
Netherlands	549	196	745	3785658	3524525	7310183	48.21	0.94
Belgium	43	122	165	1192165	5197185	6389350	81.34	0.82
Canada	219	104	323	2584240	3330933	5915173	56.31	0.76
Sweden	162	157	319	1460911	4374954	5835865	74.97	0.75
Philippines	313	37	350	4455395	1073077	5528472	19.41	0.71
Brazil	140	11	151	3823338	1609053	5432391	29.62	0.70
France	154	103	257	2607750	2358553	4966303	47.49	0.64
Spain	80	255	335	232358	4675988	4908346	95.27	0.63
Indonesia	515	101	616	3362462	1282311	4644773	27.61	0.60
Cyprus	41	68	109	1061970	2519319	3581289	70.35	0.46
Kuwait	32	0	32	3359448	0	3359448	0.00	0.43
Monaco	0	95	95	0	3032474	3032474	100.00	0.39
Australia	46	42	88	1383636	1455419	2839055	51.26	0.37
Thailand	221	33	254	1895071	298436	2193507	13.61	0.28
Ukraine	298	91	389	1077447	1105126	2182573	50.63	0.28
Total (35 countries)	13579	13920	27499	267911443	489305894	757217337	64.62	97.49
World total	14840	14951	29791	276166653	500564528	776731181	64.45	100.00

Source:	Compiled by the UNCTAD secretariat on the basis of data supplied by Lloyd's Register - Fairplay.
^a	Vessels of 1,000 grt and above, excluding the United States Reserve Fleet and the United States and Canadian Great Lakes fleets.
^b	The country of domicile indicates where the controlling interest (i.e. parent company) of the fleet is located. In several cases, determining this has required certain judgements to be made. Thus, for instance, Greece is shown as the country of domicile for vessels owned by a Greek owner with representative offices in New York, London and Piraeus, although the owner may be domiciled in the United States.
^c	Includes vessels flying the national flag but registered in territorial dependencies or associated self-governing territories. For the United Kingdom, British flag vessels are included under the national flag, except for Bermuda.

Estimated cargo flows along major trades routes
(millions of TEU)

Year	Trans-Pacific		Europe-Asia		Transatlantic
	Asia-USA	USA-Asia	Europe-Asia	Asia-Europe	USA-Europe	Europe-USA
2002	8.81	3.90	3.94	6.13	1.50	2.59
2003	10.19	4.12	4.00	7.06	1.58	2.56
% change	15.7	5.6	1.5	15.2	5.3	-1.0

Source:

Compiled by the UNCTAD secretariat from Containerisation International, several issues.

Container port traffic of 50 developing countries and territories in 2002, 2001 and 2000
(TEUs)

Country or territory	TEUs 2002	TEUs 2001	TEUs 2000	% change 2002/2001	% change 2001/2000
Hong Kong (China)	19140000	17900000	18100000	6.9	-1.1
Singapore	16800000	15520000	17040000	8.2	-8.9
Republic of Korea	11542733	9827221	9030174	17.5	8.8
Malaysia	7541725	6224913	4642428	21.2	34.1
United Arab Emirates	5872244	5081964	5055801	15.6	0.5
Indonesia	4539884	3901761	3797948	16.4	2.7
Thailand	3800929	3387071	3178779	12.2	6.6
Philippines	3270796	3090952	3031548	5.8	2.0
India	3242989	2764757	2450656	17.3	12.8
Brazil	2923120	2323801	2413098	25.8	-3.7
Saudi Arabia	1930051	1676991	1502893	15.1	11.6
Sri Lanka	1764717	1726605	1732855	2.2	-0.4
Mexico	1561929	1358136	1315701	15.0	3.2
Oman	1415498	1331686	1161549	6.3	14.6
Malta	1288775	1205764	1082235	6.9	11.4
Panama	1248369	2376045	2369681	-47.5	0.3
Egypt	1233133	1708990	1625601	-27.8	5.1
Chile	1147172	1080545	1253131	6.2	-13.8
Venezuela	1078000	924119	674558	16.7	37.0
Jamaica	1065000	983400	765977	8.3	28.4
Pakistan	965610	878892	159919	9.9	449.6
Bahamas	860000	570000	572224	50.9	-0.4
Iran, Islamic Republic of	808821	618195	415382	30.8	48.8
Colombia	603070	577041	791588	4.5	-27.1
Côte d'Ivoire	579055	543846	434422	6.5	25.2
Argentina	500171	663811	1144834	-24.7	-42.0
Ecuador	462509	414355	414104	11.6	0.1
Dominican Republic	430561	487827	566479	-11.7	-13.9
Yemen	388436	377367	248177	2.9	52.1
Trinidad and Tobago	385233	352758	282487	9.2	24.9
Morocco	375837	346724	328808	8.4	5.4
Guatemala	360161	322136	495809	11.8	-35.0
Algeria	338152	311111	267530	8.7	16.3
Lebanon	298876	299400	n.a.	-0.2	n.a.
Uruguay	292962	301641	287298	-2.9	5.0
Jordan	277307	241037	n.a.	15.0	n.a.
Ghana	270878	221468	n.a.	22.3	n.a.
Syrian Arab Republic	257586	222698	n.a.	15.7	n.a.
Cyprus	233400	235100	257020	-0.7	-8.5
Cuba	214760	258264	185055	-16.8	39.6
Mauritius	198177	161574	157420	22.7	2.6
Djibouti	178405	147908	157990	20.6	-6.4
Senegal	164341	136076	133325	20.8	2.1
Reunion	162636	159006	154394	2.3	3.0
United Republic of Tanzania	149223	135632	133660	10.0	1.5
Martinique	146771	140034	140062	4.8	0.0
Cameroon	146737	139587	n.a.	5.1	n.a.
Guam	140990	140158	132689	0.6	5.6
Sudan	126236	120701	94182	4.6	28.2
Slovenia	114863	93187	85742	23.3	8.7
Total	102838828	94012255	90265213	9.4	4.2
Other reported^a	738828	722544	356078	2.3	102.9
Total reported^b	103577656	94734799	90621291	9.3	4.5
World total	266337242	243814545	231689448	9.2	5.2

Source:	Derived from information contained in Containerisation International Yearbook 2003 and from information obtained by the UNCTAD secretariat directly from terminal operators and port authorities.
^a	Comprises developing countries and territories where less than 95,000 TEUs per year were reported or where a substantial lack of data was noted.
^b	Certain ports did not respond to the background survey. While they were not among the largest ports, total omissions may be estimated at 5 to 10 per cent.

Top 20 container terminals and their throughput, 2003-2001
(millions of TEUs and percentage change)

Port	TEUs 2003	TEUs 2002	TEUs 2001	2003/2002	2002/2001
Hong Kong (China)	20.82	19.14	17.80	8.78	7.53
Singapore	18.41	16.94	15.57	8.68	8.80
Shanghai	11.37	8.81	6.33	29.06	39.18
Shenzhen	10.7	7.61	5.08	40.60	49.80
Busan	10.37	9.45	8.07	9.74	17.10
Kaoshiung	8.81	8.49	7.54	3.77	12.60
Rotterdam	7.1	6.52	6.10	8.90	6.89
Los Angeles	6.61	6.11	5.18	8.18	17.95
Hamburg	6.14	5.37	4.69	14.34	14.50
Antwerp	5.44	4.78	4.22	13.81	13.27
Dubai	5.15	4.19	3.50	22.91	19.71
Port Klang	4.8	4.50	3.76	6.67	19.68
Long Beach	4.66	4.52	4.46	3.10	1.35
Quingdao	4.24	3.41	2.64	24.34	29.17
New York	4.04	3.75	3.32	7.73	12.95
Tanjung Pelepas	3.5	2.67	2.05	31.09	30.24
Tokyo	3.28	2.71	2.77	21.03	-2.17
Bremenhaven	3.19	3.03	2.92	5.28	3.77
Laem Chabang	3.18	2.66	2.34	19.55	13.68
Gioia Tauro	3.06	3.28	2.49	-6.71	31.73
Total top 20	144.87	127.94	110.83	13.23	15.44

Sources:

Container Intelligence Monthly, Clarkson Research (London), March 2004.